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Tang X, Yang T, Yu D, Xiong H, Zhang S. Current insights and future perspectives of ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure: Friends and foes to the skin and beyond the skin. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108535. [PMID: 38428192 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is ubiquitous in the environment, which has been classified as an established human carcinogen. As the largest and outermost organ of the body, direct exposure of skin to sunlight or UV radiation can result in sunburn, inflammation, photo-immunosuppression, photoaging and even skin cancers. To date, there are tactics to protect the skin by preventing UV radiation and reducing the amount of UV radiation to the skin. Nevertheless, deciphering the essential regulatory mechanisms may pave the way for therapeutic interventions against UV-induced skin disorders. Additionally, UV light is considered beneficial for specific skin-related conditions in medical UV therapy. Recent evidence indicates that the biological effects of UV exposure extend beyond the skin and include the treatment of inflammatory diseases, solid tumors and certain abnormal behaviors. This review mainly focuses on the effects of UV on the skin. Moreover, novel findings of the biological effects of UV in other organs and systems are also summarized. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which UV affects the human organism remain to be fully elucidated to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of its biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyou Tang
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa 850000, China; Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tingyi Yang
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Daojiang Yu
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Hai Xiong
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa 850000, China; West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa 850000, China; Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang 621099, China.
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2
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Tang T, Wei Y, Jia H, Wang L, Xu Y, Zhang P. 3D artificial sebocyte glands from inertial focusing effect for facile and flexible analysis of light damage and drug screening. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2200634. [PMID: 37191095 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202200634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The sebaceous gland is a neuro-immuno-endocrine organ responsible for maintaining regular skin functions. Overdose exposure of UV and visible light (e.g., blue light) can cause sebocyte gland function disorders or even different diseases (e.g., chronic actinic dermatitis). Studying the mechanism of light-induced damage in sebaceous glands has been challenging, since ex vivo culture of sebaceous glands is difficult due to its short life in culture medium. To address this issue, a versatile 3D artificial sebocyte gland model was established using the inertial focusing effect for studying the impact of light damage and screening potential drugs. The artificial sebocyte gland exhibited specific biological function and structure similar to natural sebocyte glands. Using this artificial sebocyte gland, the interactions between the artificial organ and blue light or UV were studied. The results indicated that UV and blue light upregulated lipid secretion and downregulated cell viability within the sebocytes. Light damage intensified oxidative stress and promoted pro-inflammation cytokines (i.e., IL-1β and TNF-α) production in the artificial sebocytes. Additionally, the therapeutic effects of cannabidiol, a clinically tested drug for treating acne, was also indicated on restoring light damaged sebaceous gland functions. These results indicate that the 3D artificial sebocyte gland could be a versatile, fast, and low-cost platform for skincare studies or drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanran Wei
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxing Jia
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lelin Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Center of Soft Matter Physics and Its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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Is the Technology Era Aging You? A Review of the Physiologic and Psychologic Toll of Technology Use. Dermatol Surg 2022; 48:978-988. [PMID: 35862680 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technology use is at an all-time high and its potential impact on psychological and physiologic health should be explored. OBJECTIVE The objective of this narrative review was to identify the role of technology use on health and well-being. MATERIALS AND METHODS Authors performed a review of PubMed and publications of the World Health Organization, Department of Defense, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to determine the impact of technology regarding electromagnetic radiation (EM), posture and mobility, sleep disturbance, and psychological stress and well-being. RESULTS Studies on the impact of EM were conflicting, with about 45% reporting negative consequences and 55% reporting no effect. Radiofrequency EM (RF-EM) may more significantly affect fibroblasts and immature cells. Device use was implicated in worsening cognitive focus, imbalance, and sleep. Social media use affects self-esteem and mental health and is associated with up to 33% presence of addiction. Effects seem to be dose related and more pronounced in younger ages. CONCLUSION Technology use significantly affects sleep, mental health, and cognitive function. Seeking psychological help, limiting social media use, and reducing use before sleep may partially mitigate these effects. The impact of EM is undetermined, but the WHO lists RF-EM as a potential carcinogen.
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Wilson DJ, Martín-Martínez FJ, Deravi LF. Wearable Light Sensors Based on Unique Features of a Natural Biochrome. ACS Sens 2022; 7:523-533. [PMID: 35138085 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Overexposure to complete solar radiation (combined ultraviolet, visible, and infrared) is correlated with several harmful biological consequences including hyperpigmentation, skin cancer, eye damage, and immune suppression. With limited effective therapeutic options available for these conditions, significant efforts have been directed toward promoting preventative habits. Recently, wearable solar radiometers have emerged as practical tools for managing personal exposure to sunlight. However, designing simple and inexpensive sensors that can measure energy across multiple spectral regions without incorporating electronic components remains challenging, largely due to inherent spectral limitations of photoresponsive indicators. In this work, we report the design, fabrication, and characterization of wearable radiation sensors that leverage an unexpected feature of a natural biochrome, xanthommatin-its innate sensitivity to both ultraviolet and visible through near-infrared radiation. We found that xanthommatin-based sensors undergo a visible shift from yellow to red in the presence of complete sunlight. This color change is driven by intrinsic photoreduction of the molecule, which we investigated using computational modeling and supplemented by radiation-driven formation of complementary reducing agents. These sensors are responsive to dermatologically relevant doses of erythemally weighted radiation, as well as cumulative doses of high-energy ultraviolet radiation used for germicidal sterilization. We incorporated these miniature sensors into pressure-activated microfluidic systems to illustrate on-demand activation of a wearable and mountable form factor. When taken together, our findings encompass an important advancement toward accessible, quantitative measurements of UVC and complete solar radiation for a variety of use cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Kostas Research Institute for Homeland Security, Northeastern University, 141 South Bedford Street, Burlington, Massachusetts 01803, United States
| | - Francisco J. Martín-Martínez
- Department of Chemistry, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, U.K
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Leila F. Deravi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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An Antifungal Polycyclic Tetramate Macrolactam, Heat-Stable Antifungal Factor (HSAF), Is a Novel Oxidative Stress Modulator in Lysobacter enzymogenes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.03105-20. [PMID: 33712422 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03105-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic tetramate macrolactams (PoTeMs) are a fast-growing family of antibiotic natural products found in phylogenetically diverse microorganisms. Surprisingly, none of the PoTeMs have been investigated for potential physiological functions in their producers. Here, we used heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF), an antifungal PoTeM from Lysobacter enzymogenes, as a model to show that PoTeMs form complexes with iron ions, with an association constant (Ka ) of 2.71 × 106 M-1 The in vivo and in vitro data showed formation of 2:1 and 3:1 complexes between HSAF and iron ions, which were confirmed by molecular mechanical and quantum mechanical calculations. HSAF protected DNA from degradation in high concentrations of iron and H2O2 or under UV radiation. HSAF mutants of L. enzymogenes barely survived under oxidative stress and exhibited markedly increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Exogenous addition of HSAF into the mutants significantly prevented ROS production and restored normal growth in the mutants under the oxidative stress. The results reveal that the function of HSAF is to protect the producer microorganism from oxidative damage rather than as an iron-acquisition siderophore. The characteristic structure of PoTeMs, a 2,4-pyrrolidinedione-embedded macrolactam, may represent a new iron-chelating scaffold of microbial metabolites. The study demonstrated a previously unrecognized strategy for microorganisms to modulate oxidative damage to the cells.IMPORTANCE PoTeMs are a family of structurally distinct metabolites that have been found in a large number of bacteria. Although PoTeMs exhibit diverse therapeutic properties, the physiological function of PoTeMs in the producer microorganisms had not been investigated. HSAF from Lysobacter enzymogenes is an antifungal PoTeM that has been subjected to extensive studies for mechanisms of biosynthesis, regulation, and antifungal activity. Using HSAF as a model system, we here showed that the characteristic structure of PoTeMs, a 2,4-pyrrolidinedione-embedded macrolactam, may represent a new iron-chelating scaffold of microbial metabolites. In L. enzymogenes, HSAF functions as a small-molecule modulator for oxidative damage caused by iron, H2O2, and UV light. Together, the study demonstrated a previously unrecognized strategy for microorganisms to modulate oxidative damage to the cells. HSAF represents the first member of the fast-growing PoTeM family of microbial metabolites whose potential biological function has been studied.
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Vaverková E, Neradová Richterová M, Adamcová D, Vaverková MD. Environmental changes and their impact on human behaviour - Case study of the incidence of skin cancer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:139788. [PMID: 32531595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climatological research over the past two decades makes it clear that the Earth's climate will change. Climate change has many, mostly adverse, effects on the human health. Environmental anthropogenic changes represent significant health risks including factors that may increase probability and seriousness of skin cancer diseases. There are many scientific studies on skin cancer but only a few of them are focused on environment changes and their influence on the behaviour of humans, which may lead to skin cancer. The goal of the research was to analyse environment changes in the city of Brno (Czech Republic) and their influence on the behaviour of people and some skin diseases. A research hypothesis was set up that total increase in the incidence of skin diseases would be monitored. 1757 patients aged 25-65 years participated in the research. The analysis was performed based on measured (mean annual temperatures, average monthly temperatures, ultraviolet index values, and numbers of sunny days and sunny hours) data in 2011-2019. In order to monitor the trend, temperature data from 1961 to 2019 were evaluated too. The analysed data indicate that the trend of average monthly and annual temperatures observed was increasing in recent years. Moreover, based on data obtained from the analysed doctor's office it was found out that the incidence of skin diseases increased in the studied period. The main reasons to increase include excessive exposure to sun, extended average age of the population, ozone layer depletion, climatic and weather changes, increased migration and behaviour of people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vaverková
- Grammar school Brno-Řečkovice, Terezy Novákové 2, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland.
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7
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Chang H, Chen H, Zhang L, Wang Y, Xie X, Zhang Y, Quan F. Effect of oocyte vitrification on DNA damage in metaphase II oocytes and the resulting preimplantation embryos. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1603-1614. [PMID: 31408251 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As an assisted reproduction technology, vitrification has been widely used for oocyte and embryo cryopreservation. Many studies have indicated that vitrification affects ultrastructure, gene expression, and epigenetic status. However, it is still controversial whether oocyte vitrification could induce DNA damage in metaphase II (MII) oocytes and the resulting early embryos. This study determined whether mouse oocytes vitrification induce DNA damage in MII oocytes and the resulting preimplantation embryos, and causes for vitrification-induced DNA damage. The effects of oocyte vitrification on reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, γ-H2AX accumulation, apoptosis, early embryonic development, and the expression of DNA damage-related genes in early embryos derived by in vitro fertilization were examined. The results indicated that vitrification significantly increased the number of γ-H2AX foci in zygotes and two-cell embryos. Trp53bp1 was upregulated in zygotes, two-cell embryos and four-cell embryos in the vitrified group, and Brca1 was increased in two-cell embryos after vitrification. Vitrification also increased the ROS levels in MII oocytes, zygotes, and two-cell embryos and the apoptotic rate in blastocysts. Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) treatment decreased the ROS levels and the accumulation of γ-H2AX foci in zygotes and two-cell embryos and the apoptotic rate in blastocysts after vitrification. Overall, vitrification-induced abnormal ROS generation, γ-H2AX accumulation, an increase in the apoptotic rate and the disruption of early embryonic development. Resveratrol treatment could decrease ROS levels, γ-H2AX accumulation, and the apoptotic rate and improve early embryonic development. Vitrification-associated γ-H2AX accumulation is at least partially due to abnormal ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoya Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yile Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaogang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fusheng Quan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Lin M, Torbeck R, Dubin D, Lin C, Khorasani H. Climate change and skin cancer. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:e324-e325. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.J. Lin
- Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - R.L. Torbeck
- Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - D.P. Dubin
- Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - C.E. Lin
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston MA USA
| | - H. Khorasani
- Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
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9
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10
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Young A. Shining light on darker skins. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:456-457. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.R. Young
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King's College London Tower Wing (Floor 9), Guy's Hospital London SE1 9RT U.K
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11
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Kimeswenger S, Sterniczky B, Kramer A, Tillmann K, Gamper J, Foedinger D, Petzelbauer P, Jantschitsch C. Impact of infrared radiation on UVB-induced skin tumourigenesis in wild type C57BL/6 mice. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:129-139. [DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00118a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Additional exposure to infrared radiation leads to a more aggressive phenotype of UVB-induced skin tumours in wild type mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Sterniczky
- Department of Dermatology; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Anne Kramer
- Centre for Biomedical Research; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Katharina Tillmann
- Centre for Biomedical Research; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- Centre for Medical Statistics
- Informatics
- and Intelligent Systems; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Dagmar Foedinger
- Department of Dermatology; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Peter Petzelbauer
- Department of Dermatology; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
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Slominski AT, Zmijewski MA, Plonka PM, Szaflarski JP, Paus R. How UV Light Touches the Brain and Endocrine System Through Skin, and Why. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1992-2007. [PMID: 29546369 PMCID: PMC5905393 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The skin, a self-regulating protective barrier organ, is empowered with sensory and computing capabilities to counteract the environmental stressors to maintain and restore disrupted cutaneous homeostasis. These complex functions are coordinated by a cutaneous neuro-endocrine system that also communicates in a bidirectional fashion with the central nervous, endocrine, and immune systems, all acting in concert to control body homeostasis. Although UV energy has played an important role in the origin and evolution of life, UV absorption by the skin not only triggers mechanisms that defend skin integrity and regulate global homeostasis but also induces skin pathology (e.g., cancer, aging, autoimmune responses). These effects are secondary to the transduction of UV electromagnetic energy into chemical, hormonal, and neural signals, defined by the nature of the chromophores and tissue compartments receiving specific UV wavelength. UV radiation can upregulate local neuroendocrine axes, with UVB being markedly more efficient than UVA. The locally induced cytokines, corticotropin-releasing hormone, urocortins, proopiomelanocortin-peptides, enkephalins, or others can be released into circulation to exert systemic effects, including activation of the central hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, opioidogenic effects, and immunosuppression, independent of vitamin D synthesis. Similar effects are seen after exposure of the eyes and skin to UV, through which UVB activates hypothalamic paraventricular and arcuate nuclei and exerts very rapid stimulatory effects on the brain. Thus, UV touches the brain and central neuroendocrine system to reset body homeostasis. This invites multiple therapeutic applications of UV radiation, for example, in the management of autoimmune and mood disorders, addiction, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
- Correspondence: Andrzej T. Slominski, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294. E-mail:
| | | | - Przemyslaw M Plonka
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy P Szaflarski
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology and the UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Skobowiat C, Slominski AT. Sun-derived infrared A and ultraviolet B radiation: allies or enemies in melanomagenesis? Exp Dermatol 2018; 25:760-2. [PMID: 27315042 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Skobowiat
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. .,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. .,Laboratory Service of the VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Marion JW, Lee J, Rosenblum JS, Buckley TJ. Assessment of temperature and ultraviolet radiation effects on sunburn incidence at an inland U.S. Beach: A cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 161:479-484. [PMID: 29220801 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increases in outdoor temperature may lead to increases in sunburn, outdoor exposure, and skin cancer in human populations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to quantify sunburn incidence and risk for Ohio beachgoers exposed to varying outdoor conditions. METHODS Sunburn incidence data were obtained through a prospective cohort study at East Fork Lake (Cincinnati, Ohio, USA). Recruitment occurred over 26 weekend days. Beach interviews and follow-up telephone interviews obtained exposure and health information. New sunburns were self-reported 8-9 days post-enrollment. Survey data were paired with ultraviolet radiation (UVR) index and temperature data for statistical analysis. RESULTS Among 947 beachgoers, new sunburns were reported in 18% of swimmers. Sunburn incidence was associated with temperature (odds ratio = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.1 - 1.4) and UVR index (odds ratio = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.0 - 2.5) in models adjusted for water exposure, arrival time, and beach visit frequency. Some evidence of a temperature+UVR interaction was observed. LIMITATIONS Exposure and sunburn data were self-reported without clinical diagnosis and date of onset. The follow-up period enabled sunburns to be reported from a variety of days rather than only the beach visit day thereby limiting interpretation. Sun protection behaviors were not evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Temperature and UVR influence sunburn frequency. Temperature, however was more strongly associated with sunburn in beachgoers than the nearest measured UVR index, suggesting future investigations are needed to better understand how temperature effects sunburn development. Interventions for decreasing sunburn are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Marion
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Ave., 406 Cunz Hall, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Environmental Health Science, Eastern Kentucky University, 521 Lancaster Ave., 220 Dizney Bldg., Richmond, KY 40475, USA.
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Ave., 406 Cunz Hall, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, 2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - James S Rosenblum
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Ave., 406 Cunz Hall, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Timothy J Buckley
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Ave., 406 Cunz Hall, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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15
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de Jager TL, Cockrell AE, Du Plessis SS. Ultraviolet Light Induced Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 996:15-23. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56017-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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16
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Zöller N, König A, Butting M, Kaufmann R, Bernd A, Valesky E, Kippenberger S. Water-filtered near-infrared influences collagen synthesis of keloid-fibroblasts in contrast to normal foreskin fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:194-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Hudson L, Bowman A, Rashdan E, Birch-Machin MA. Mitochondrial damage and ageing using skin as a model organ. Maturitas 2016; 93:34-40. [PMID: 27215947 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ageing describes the progressive functional decline of an organism over time, leading to an increase in susceptibility to age-related diseases and eventually to death, and it is a phenomenon observed across a wide range of organisms. Despite a vast repertoire of ageing studies performed over the past century, the exact causes of ageing remain unknown. For over 50 years it has been speculated that mitochondria play a key role in the ageing process, due mainly to correlative data showing an increase in mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) with age. However, the exact role of the mitochondria in the ageing process remains unknown. The skin is often used to study human ageing, due to its easy accessibility, and the observation that the ageing process is able to be accelerated in this organ via environmental insults, such as ultra violet radiation (UVR). This provides a useful tool to investigate the mechanisms regulating ageing and, in particular, the role of the mitochondria. Observations from dermatological and photoageing studies can provide useful insights into chronological ageing of the skin and other organs such as the brain and liver. Moreover, a wide range of diseases are associated with ageing; therefore, understanding the cause of the ageing process as well as regulatory mechanisms involved could provide potentially advantageous therapeutic targets for the prevention or treatment of such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hudson
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Amy Bowman
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Eyman Rashdan
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Mark A Birch-Machin
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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