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Asbóth D, Bánfi B, Kocsis D, Erdő F. Rodent models of dermatological disorders. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2024; 159:303-317. [PMID: 38287740 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.23.07700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
To assess the possible beneficial effects of drugs and drug candidates, different dermatological disease models are available in rodents. These models are able to mimic one or more characteristic features of the disorders, but not completely recapitulate the pathogenesis of the human skin diseases. Therefore, to improve the technology many new models have been developed both by genetic engineering and by chemical or physical induction. Currently the in vivo rodent models provide the physiologically most relevant approach to produce the pathology related to the majority of dermatological diseases. In this short review some widely used animal techniques (psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, wound healing, melanoma and non-melanoma type skin cancers and UV erythema) are shown which are currently applied in pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, pharmaceutical and dermatological research. First the main points of the human pathomechanism are shown and afterwards the rodent models are briefly discussed. Finally critical evaluation is provided by the authors. However, according to the 3R rule the number of experimental animals is strongly suggested to be reduced, therefore the advanced in vitro and ex vivo techniques become more and more important contrary to in vivo preclinical methods also in dermatological research. As it is described in the outlook section, although the 2D/3D in vitro and skin on-a-chip techniques are promising and have many advantages they are not able to completely substitute the animal models in their vascular, immunological, secretory and neural complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Asbóth
- Pediatric Dermatology Center, Szent János Center Hospital in North Buda, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barnabás Bánfi
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Kocsis
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Franciska Erdő
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary -
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Rognoni E, Goss G, Hiratsuka T, Sipilä KH, Kirk T, Kober KI, Lui PP, Tsang VS, Hawkshaw NJ, Pilkington SM, Cho I, Ali N, Rhodes LE, Watt FM. Role of distinct fibroblast lineages and immune cells in dermal repair following UV radiation induced tissue damage. eLife 2021; 10:71052. [PMID: 34939928 PMCID: PMC8747514 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a major source of skin damage, resulting in inflammation, premature ageing, and cancer. While several UVR-induced changes, including extracellular matrix reorganisation and epidermal DNA damage, have been documented, the role of different fibroblast lineages and their communication with immune cells has not been explored. We show that acute and chronic UVR exposure led to selective loss of fibroblasts from the upper dermis in human and mouse skin. Lineage tracing and in vivo live imaging revealed that repair following acute UVR is predominantly mediated by papillary fibroblast proliferation and fibroblast reorganisation occurs with minimal migration. In contrast, chronic UVR exposure led to a permanent loss of papillary fibroblasts, with expansion of fibroblast membrane protrusions partially compensating for the reduction in cell number. Although UVR strongly activated Wnt signalling in skin, stimulation of fibroblast proliferation by epidermal β-catenin stabilisation did not enhance papillary dermis repair. Acute UVR triggered an infiltrate of neutrophils and T cell subpopulations and increased pro-inflammatory prostaglandin signalling in skin. Depletion of CD4- and CD8-positive cells resulted in increased papillary fibroblast depletion, which correlated with an increase in DNA damage, pro-inflammatory prostaglandins, and reduction in fibroblast proliferation. Conversely, topical COX-2 inhibition prevented fibroblast depletion and neutrophil infiltration after UVR. We conclude that loss of papillary fibroblasts is primarily induced by a deregulated inflammatory response, with infiltrating T cells supporting fibroblast survival upon UVR-induced environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Rognoni
- Centre for Endocrinology, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Georgina Goss
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Toru Hiratsuka
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kalle H Sipilä
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Kirk
- Centre for Endocrinology, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katharina I Kober
- Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Prudence PokWai Lui
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Sk Tsang
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan J Hawkshaw
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne M Pilkington
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Inchul Cho
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niwa Ali
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley E Rhodes
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Bazin M, Purohit NK, Merlin MA, Shah GM. A panel of criteria for comprehensive assessment of severity of ultraviolet B radiation-induced non-melanoma skin cancers in SKH-1 mice. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 205:111847. [PMID: 32172138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The study of causes and cures for ultraviolet B radiation (UVB)-induced non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) has been greatly facilitated by use of the albino SKH-1 hairless mice. These mice develop multiple tumors of different sizes and the severity of cancer is often measured by one or more of the four criteria, namely the prevalence, multiplicity, area and volume of tumors. However, there are inherent limitations of each criterion: the prevalence and number do not account for size differences among tumors, area measurement ignores the tumor height, and volume measurement overcompensates for the height at the cost of planar dimensions. Here, using our dataset from an ongoing NMSC study, we discuss the limitations of these four criteria, and suggest refinements in measuring prevalence. We recommend the use of three more criteria, namely the Knud Thomsen tridimensional surface that apportions optimal weightage to three tumor dimensions, weekly occurrence of new tumors and tumor growth-rate to reveal initiation and growth of tumors in early and late phase of NMSC development, respectively. Together, use of this comprehensive panel of seven criteria can provide an accurate assessment of severity of NMSC and lead to a testable hypothesis whether the experimental manipulation of mice has affected the early initiation or growth phase of NMSC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Bazin
- CHU de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Neuroscience and Cancer Axes, Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Quebec (QC), Canada; Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | - Nupur K Purohit
- CHU de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Neuroscience and Cancer Axes, Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Quebec (QC), Canada; Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | - Marine A Merlin
- CHU de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Neuroscience and Cancer Axes, Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Quebec (QC), Canada; Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | - Girish M Shah
- CHU de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Neuroscience and Cancer Axes, Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Quebec (QC), Canada; Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec (QC), Canada; Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec (QC), Canada.
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