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Bonfim AP, Sakita KM, Faria DR, Arita GS, Rodrigues-Vendramini FA, Capoci IR, Braga AG, Mosca VA, Junior AG, Kioshima ÉS, Bonfim-Mendonça PS, Svidzinski TI. Successful treatment of experimental murine vulvovaginal candidiasis with gentian violet. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:1137-1146. [PMID: 37830930 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study evaluated the antifungal efficacy of gentian violet (GV) in an experimental vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) model. Materials & methods: In vitro susceptibility and cytotoxicity assays were performed to validate the antifungal potential and safety of GV. The antifungal efficacy was then evaluated in vivo through comparative analysis of the fungal burden following treatment with GV or nystatin, as well as assessment of the vaginal tissue by histology and electron microscopy. Results: GV demonstrated a safe antifungal profile against C. albicans, with a significant decrease in fungal burden and an improvement in the inflammatory process evaluated histologically. Conclusion: The results of this study motivate further assessment of GV as a promising alternative for VVC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P Bonfim
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Karina M Sakita
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Daniella R Faria
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Glaucia S Arita
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Franciele Av Rodrigues-Vendramini
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Isis Rg Capoci
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Andressa G Braga
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Valéria Ab Mosca
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Admilton Go Junior
- Electron Microscopy & Microanalysis Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Érika S Kioshima
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S Bonfim-Mendonça
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Terezinha Ie Svidzinski
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Clinical Analyzes & Biomedicine Department, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
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Das A, Toshniwal A, Madke B. What is new in dermatotherapy? Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2021; 87:135-143. [PMID: 33580938 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_342_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Das
- Department of Dermatology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anand Toshniwal
- Aesthetic Aura Skin and Hair Clinic, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bhushan Madke
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and AVBR Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
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Redox Regulation of Inflammatory Processes Is Enzymatically Controlled. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8459402. [PMID: 29118897 PMCID: PMC5651112 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8459402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Redox regulation depends on the enzymatically controlled production and decay of redox active molecules. NADPH oxidases, superoxide dismutases, nitric oxide synthases, and others produce the redox active molecules superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, and hydrogen sulfide. These react with target proteins inducing spatiotemporal modifications of cysteine residues within different signaling cascades. Thioredoxin family proteins are key regulators of the redox state of proteins. They regulate the formation and removal of oxidative modifications by specific thiol reduction and oxidation. All of these redox enzymes affect inflammatory processes and the innate and adaptive immune response. Interestingly, this regulation involves different mechanisms in different biological compartments and specialized cell types. The localization and activity of distinct proteins including, for instance, the transcription factor NFκB and the immune mediator HMGB1 are redox-regulated. The transmembrane protein ADAM17 releases proinflammatory mediators, such as TNFα, and is itself regulated by a thiol switch. Moreover, extracellular redox enzymes were shown to modulate the activity and migration behavior of various types of immune cells by acting as cytokines and/or chemokines. Within this review article, we will address the concept of redox signaling and the functions of both redox enzymes and redox active molecules in innate and adaptive immune responses.
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