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Sullivan KS, Richardson S, Ross A, Cederbaum JA, Pflieger J, Abramovitz L, Bukowinski A, Stander V. Pre- and Perinatal Risk Factors for Child Maltreatment in Military Families Across the First Two Years of Life. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2023; 28:209-220. [PMID: 35427204 DOI: 10.1177/10775595221088198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Military families are exposed to a unique constellation of risk factors, which may impact maltreatment outcomes. The present study examined prospective relationships between demographic, health, birth-related, and military-specific risk factors identified prior to a child's birth on their risk for maltreatment in the first two years of life. Data from the Millennium Cohort Study, Department of Defense (DoD) operational records and Family Advocacy Program data on met-criteria maltreatment, and Birth and Infant Health Research program data on suspected maltreatment were linked for 9076 service member parents. Discrete time survival analysis showed that preterm birth increased risk of maltreatment while parents' older age, physical health, and service in the Navy or Air Force decreased risk. Building on DoD's New Parent Support Program, findings suggest the need for universal and targeted prevention efforts, beginning during pregnancy, which limit or eliminate risk factors for maltreatment in military families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabrina Richardson
- Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Deployment Health Research, 115252Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Abigail Ross
- Graduate School of Social Service, 5923Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julie A Cederbaum
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, 5116University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Pflieger
- Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Deployment Health Research, 115252Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Abramovitz
- Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Deployment Health Research, 115252Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anna Bukowinski
- Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Deployment Health Research, 115252Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Valerie Stander
- Center for Deployment Health Research, 115252Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
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Knobloch LK, Monk JK, MacDermid Wadsworth SM. Relationship Maintenance among Military Couples. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2023; 40:734-772. [PMID: 37200941 PMCID: PMC10191153 DOI: 10.1177/02654075221105025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A burgeoning body of research on the relationship maintenance of military couples over the past two decades suggests the time is right to organize, assimilate, and critique the literature. We conducted a systematic review informed by the integrative model of relationship maintenance (Ogolsky et al., 2017) that considered issues of intersectionality (Crenshaw, 1991). Our literature search identified 81 relevant journal articles representing 62 unique samples. With respect to theory, 59.3% of the journal articles employed one or more formal theoretical frameworks. In terms of research design, 88.7% of the studies focused on the U.S. military, 83.9% of the studies recruited convenience samples, 54.8% of the studies utilized quantitative methods, and 30.6% of the studies collected longitudinal data. Among the studies reporting sample demographics, 96.8% of participants were married, 77.2% of participants identified as non-Hispanic White, and only one same-sex relationship was represented. Our narrative synthesis integrated findings about relationship maintenance from studies examining (a) relationship maintenance overtly, (b) communicating to stay connected across the deployment cycle, (c) disclosure and protective buffering, (d) support from a partner, (e) dyadic coping, and (f) caregiving and accommodating a partner's symptoms. We interpret our results with an eye toward advancing theory, research, and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Kale Monk
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri
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Sullivan KS, Dodge J, Park Y, Kale C, Merrill JC, Clarke-Walper K, Castro CA, Riviere LA. Predictors of reintegration adjustment among female U.S. Army spouses: A preliminary exploration. JOURNAL OF MILITARY, VETERAN AND FAMILY HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
LAY SUMMARY Little is known about how military families navigate the challenges they experience during reintegration, the period after a deployment separation when a service member returns home and families must readjust to their presence. This study considers how family risk factors such as the mental health of both partners and protective factors such as social support and participation in military-sponsored training influence family adjustment during reintegration. Military spouses who reported having more social support were likely to report that their families adjusted more quickly during reintegration. However, spouses who expressed concern about a partner’s mental health were less likely to feel prepared for reintegration and, in turn, were more likely to report that their families adjusted more slowly. The results of this study suggest that supporting military spouses in feeling more prepared for reintegration may be an important means to shorten the adjustment period after a deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine S. Sullivan
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Jessica Dodge
- Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Yangjin Park
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Caroline Kale
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Julie C. Merrill
- U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Kristina Clarke-Walper
- Center for Military Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Carl A. Castro
- Center for Innovation and Research on Veterans and Military Families, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Lyndon A. Riviere
- Center for Military Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
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Mogil C, Hajal N, Aralis H, Paley B, Milburn NG, Barrera W, Kiff C, Beardslee W, Lester P. A Trauma-Informed, Family-Centered, Virtual Home Visiting Program for Young Children: One-Year Outcomes. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:964-979. [PMID: 33963489 PMCID: PMC8104463 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Military-connected families face many challenges associated with military life transitions, including deployment separations. We report on a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of Families OverComing Under Stress-Early Childhood (FOCUS-EC) delivered through an in-home, virtual telehealth platform. FOCUS-EC is a trauma-informed, family-centered preventive intervention designed to promote family resilience and well-being. Military-connected families with 3- to 6-year-old children (194 mothers; 155 fathers; 199 children) were randomized to FOCUS-EC or an online education condition. Parent psychological health symptoms, child behavior, parenting, and parent-child relationships were examined by parent-report and observed interaction tasks for up to 12 months. Longitudinal regression models indicated that FOCUS-EC families demonstrated significantly greater improvements than online education families in parent-reported and observational measures of child behavior, parenting practices, and parent-child interaction, as well as greater reductions in parent posttraumatic stress symptoms. Findings provide support for the benefit of a virtually-delivered preventive intervention for military-connected families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Mogil
- Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A8-225, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Nastassia Hajal
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A8-225, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
| | - Hilary Aralis
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A8-225, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
| | - Blair Paley
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A8-225, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
| | - Norweeta G. Milburn
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A8-225, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
| | - Wendy Barrera
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A8-225, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
| | - Cara Kiff
- Private Practice, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - William Beardslee
- grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438Baer Prevention Initiatives, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Patricia Lester
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A8-225, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
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