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Mehta A, Chandiramani R, Spirito A, Vogel B, Mehran R. Significance of Kidney Disease in Cardiovascular Disease Patients. Interv Cardiol Clin 2023; 12:453-467. [PMID: 37673491 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccl.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome is a condition where is a bidirectional and mutually detrimental relationship between the heart and kidneys. The mechanisms underlying cardiorenal syndrome are multifactorial and complex. Patients with kidney disease exhibit increased cardiovascular risk, presenting as coronary and peripheral artery disease, structural heart disease, arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death, largely occurring because of a systemic proinflammatory state, causing myocardial and vascular remodeling, manifesting as atherosclerotic lesions, vascular and valvular calcification, and myocardial fibrosis, particularly among those with advanced disease. This review summarizes the current understanding and clinical implications of kidney disease in patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhya Mehta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1400 Pelham Parkway South, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rishi Chandiramani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1400 Pelham Parkway South, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1030, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alessandro Spirito
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1030, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Birgit Vogel
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1030, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Roxana Mehran
- Center for Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1030, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
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Abstract
Almost 200 years ago, the first evidence described by Robert Bright (1836) showed the strong interaction between the kidneys and heart and, since then, the scientific community has dedicated itself to better understanding the mechanisms involved in the kidney-heart relationship, known in recent decades as cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). This syndrome includes a wide clinical variety that affects the kidneys and heart, in an acute or chronic manner. Moreover, it is well established in the literature that the immune system, the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, and the oxidative stress actively play a strong role in the cellular and molecular processes present in CRS. More recently, uremic molecules and epigenetic factors have been also shown to be key mediators in the development of syndrome. The present review intends to present the state of the art regarding CRS and to show the paths known, until now, in the long road between the kidneys and heart.
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Wang Y, Rui R, Zhang X, Sun B. Pharmacokinetic study on the interaction between succinic acid and irbesartan in rats and its potential mechanism. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:1619-1622. [PMID: 34818122 PMCID: PMC8635542 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2002370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Succinic acid and irbesartan are commonly used drugs in cardiovascular disease treatment. The interaction might occur during their co-administration, which was still unclear. OBJECTIVE To reveal the effect of succinic acid on the metabolism of irbesartan and its potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6) were treated with a single dose of 30 mg/kg irbesartan (control) or the co-administration with the pre-treatment of 200 mg/kg succinic acid for 7 d. The effect of succinic acid on the metabolic stability and the activity of CYP2C9 was evaluated in rat liver microsomes. RESULTS Succinic acid increased the AUC (5328.71 ± 959.31 μg/L × h vs. 3340.23 ± 737.75 μg/L × h) and prolonged the half-life of irbesartan (from 12.79 ± 0.73 h to 20.59 ± 6.35 h). The Tmax (2.83 ± 0.75 h vs. 3.83 ± 1.10 h) and clearance rate (3.46 ± 1.13 L/h/kg vs. 6.91 ± 1.65 L/h/kg) of irbesartan was reduced by succinic acid. Consistently, succinic acid improved the metabolic stability (half-life from 23.32 ± 3.46 to 27.35 ± 2.15 min, intrinsic clearance rate from 59.43 ± 6.12 to 50.68 ± 5.64 μL/min/mg protein). Succinic acid was also found to inhibit the activity of CYP2C9 with the IC50 value of 13.87 μM. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Succinic acid increased the system exposure of irbesartan via inhibiting CYP2C9. The experiment design of this study also provides a reference for the further validation of this interaction in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ruping Rui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Qingzhou Tanfang Town Central Health Center, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Emergency, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
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Coppini R, Santini L, Olivotto I, Ackerman MJ, Cerbai E. Abnormalities in sodium current and calcium homoeostasis as drivers of arrhythmogenesis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1585-1599. [PMID: 32365196 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited monogenic disease with a prevalence of 1/500 in the general population, representing an important cause of arrhythmic sudden cardiac death (SCD), heart failure, and atrial fibrillation in the young. HCM is a global condition, diagnosed in >50 countries and in all continents. HCM affects people of both sexes and various ethnic and racial origins, with similar clinical course and phenotypic expression. The most unpredictable and devastating consequence of HCM is represented by arrhythmic SCD, most commonly caused by sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. Indeed, HCM represents one of the main causes of arrhythmic SCD in the young, with a marked preference for children and adults <30 years. SCD is most prevalent in patients with paediatric onset of HCM but may occur at any age. However, risk is substantially lower after 60 years, suggesting that the potential for ventricular tachyarrhythmias is mitigated by ageing. SCD had been linked originally to sports and vigorous activity in HCM patients. However, it is increasingly clear that the majority of events occurs at rest or during routine daily occupations, suggesting that triggers are far from consistent. In general, the pathophysiology of SCD in HCM remains unresolved. While the pathologic and physiologic substrates abound and have been described in detail, specific factors precipitating ventricular tachyarrhythmias are still unknown. SCD is a rare phenomenon in HCM cohorts (<1%/year) and attempts to identify patients at risk, while generating clinically useful algorithms for primary prevention, remain very inaccurate on an individual basis. One of the reasons for our limited understanding of these phenomena is that limited translational research exists in the field, while most efforts have focused on clinical markers of risk derived from pathology, instrumental patient evaluation, and imaging. Specifically, few studies conducted in animal models and human samples have focused on targeting the cellular mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis in HCM, despite potential implications for therapeutic innovation and SCD prevention. These studies found that altered intracellular Ca2+ homoeostasis and increased late Na+ current, leading to an increased likelihood of early and delayed after-depolarizations, contribute to generate arrhythmic events in diseased cardiomyocytes. As an array of novel experimental opportunities have emerged to investigate these mechanisms, including novel 'disease-in-the-dish' cellular models with patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, important gaps in knowledge remain. Accordingly, the aim of the present review is to provide a contemporary reappraisal of the cellular basis of SCD-predisposing arrhythmias in patients with HCM and discuss the implications for risk stratification and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Coppini
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Drug Research and Child Health (NeuroFarBa), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Santini
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Drug Research and Child Health (NeuroFarBa), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Iacopo Olivotto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3 - 50134 Florence, Italy.,Cardiomyopathy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, USA.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, USA.,Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elisabetta Cerbai
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Drug Research and Child Health (NeuroFarBa), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Laboratory of Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Solís C, Solaro RJ. Novel insights into sarcomere regulatory systems control of cardiac thin filament activation. J Gen Physiol 2021; 153:211903. [PMID: 33740037 PMCID: PMC7988513 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202012777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Our review focuses on sarcomere regulatory mechanisms with a discussion of cardiac-specific modifications to the three-state model of thin filament activation from a blocked to closed to open state. We discuss modulation of these thin filament transitions by Ca2+, by crossbridge interactions, and by thick filament–associated proteins, cardiac myosin–binding protein C (cMyBP-C), cardiac regulatory light chain (cRLC), and titin. Emerging evidence supports the idea that the cooperative activation of the thin filaments despite a single Ca2+ triggering regulatory site on troponin C (cTnC) cannot be considered in isolation of other functional domains of the sarcomere. We discuss long- and short-range interactions among these domains with the regulatory units of thin filaments, including proteins at the barbed end at the Z-disc and the pointed end near the M-band. Important to these discussions is the ever-increasing understanding of the role of cMyBP-C, cRLC, and titin filaments. Detailed knowledge of these control processes is critical to the understanding of mechanisms sustaining physiological cardiac state with varying hemodynamic load, to better defining genetic and acquired cardiac disorders, and to developing targets for therapies at the level of the sarcomeres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Solís
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Chicago, IL
| | - R John Solaro
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Chicago, IL
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Huang C, Huang Y, Zhong Q, Cai A, Feng YQ. Prevalence of and risk factors for abnormal left ventricular geometrical patterns in hypertensive subjects administered irbesartan. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23688. [PMID: 33389756 PMCID: PMC7957976 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Distinct populations differ in LVH prevalence and impaired LV geometry. Currently, the prevalence of and risk factors for LV geometric patterns in Chinese hypertensives administered irbesartan have not been specifically addressed in large studies. Methods Totally 10,883 patients (6623 men and 4260 women) completed the survey, including 1181 hypertensives administered irbesartan (488 males and 693 females) that were finally enrolled. Based on LVMI and RWT derived from comprehensive echocardiography, the LV geometric patterns of irbesartan‐treated hypertensive individuals were classified into four types, including the normal, concentric remodeling, and concentric and eccentric hypertrophy groups. Logistic regression analysis was applied in males and females, respectively, for determining odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for various potential risk factors for abnormal LV geometrical patterns in irbesartan‐treated hypertensives. Results The clinical and echocardiographic data differed significantly between males and females. The prevalence rates of concentric remodeling, concentric hypertrophy, and eccentric hypertrophy were 36.3%, 15.4%, and 6.1% in males, respectively, and 23.5%, 20.3%, and 23.8% in females, accordingly. Gender, daily dose of irbesartan, BMI, SBP, WtHR, and neck‐circumference were significantly associated with LV geometric patterns. After adjustment for confounding factors, risk factors for LVH and impaired LV geometry included SBP, WtHR in males, and MAU‐Cr and WtHR in females. Conclusions LVH and impaired LV geometric patterns are more prevalent in females (67.7%) compared with that in males (57.8%) among hypertensives upon irbesartan administration. For such population, risk factors beyond elevated blood pressure may be involved in the progression of LVH and impaired LV geometric patterns in both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anping Cai
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Qing Feng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Axelsson Raja A, Shi L, Day SM, Russell M, Zahka K, Lever H, Colan SD, Margossian R, Hall EK, Becker J, Jefferies JL, Patel AR, Choudhury L, Murphy AM, Canter C, Bach R, Taylor M, Mestroni L, Wheeler MT, Benson L, Owens AT, Rossano J, Lin KY, Pahl E, Pereira AC, Bundgaard H, Lewis GD, Vargas JD, Cirino AL, McMurray JJV, MacRae CA, Solomon SD, Orav EJ, Braunwald E, Ho CY. Baseline Characteristics of the VANISH Cohort. Circ Heart Fail 2019; 12:e006231. [PMID: 31813281 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The VANISH trial (Valsartan for Attenuating Disease Evolution in Early Sarcomeric Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy) targeted young sarcomeric gene mutation carriers with early-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) to test whether valsartan can modify disease progression. We describe the baseline characteristics of the VANISH cohort and compare to previous trials evaluating angiotensin receptor blockers. METHODS Applying a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled design, 178 participants with nonobstructive HCM (age, 23.3±10.1 years; 61% men) were randomized in the primary cohort and 34 (age, 16.5±4.9 years; 50% men) in the exploratory cohort of sarcomeric mutation carriers without left ventricular hypertrophy. RESULTS In the primary cohort, maximal left ventricular wall thickness was 17±4 mm for adults and Z score 7.0±4.5 for children. Nineteen percent had late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance. Mean peak oxygen consumption was 33 mL/kg per minute, and 92% of participants were New York Heart Association functional class I. New York Heart Association class II was associated with older age, MYH7 variants, and more prominent imaging abnormalities. Six previous trials of angiotensin receptor blockers in HCM enrolled a median of 24 patients (range, 19-133) with mean age of 51.2 years; 42% of patients were in New York Heart Association class ≥II, and sarcomeric mutations were not required. CONCLUSIONS The VANISH cohort is much larger, younger, less heterogeneous, and has less advanced disease than prior angiotensin receptor blocker trials in HCM. Participants had relatively normal functional capacity and mild HCM features. New York Heart Association functional class II symptoms were associated with older age, more prominent imaging abnormalities, and MYH7 variants, suggesting both phenotype and genotype contribute to disease manifestations. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01912534.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling Shi
- New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (L.S.)
| | | | - Mark Russell
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (S.M.D., M.R.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jason Becker
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (J.B.)
| | | | | | | | - Anne M Murphy
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (A.M.M.)
| | - Charles Canter
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (C.C., R.B.)
| | - Richard Bach
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (C.C., R.B.)
| | - Matthew Taylor
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.T., L.M.)
| | - Luisa Mestroni
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.T., L.M.)
| | | | - Lee Benson
- Toronto Hospital for Sick Children, ON, Canada (L.B.)
| | - Anjali T Owens
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (A.T.O.)
| | | | | | - Elfriede Pahl
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, IL (E.P.)
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School (Instituto do Coração), Brazil (A.C.P.)
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Denmark (A.A.R., H.B.)
| | | | - Jose D Vargas
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.D.V.)
| | - Allison L Cirino
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.L.C., C.A.M., S.D.S., E.J.O., E.B., C.Y.H.)
| | | | - Calum A MacRae
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.L.C., C.A.M., S.D.S., E.J.O., E.B., C.Y.H.)
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.L.C., C.A.M., S.D.S., E.J.O., E.B., C.Y.H.)
| | - E John Orav
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.L.C., C.A.M., S.D.S., E.J.O., E.B., C.Y.H.)
| | - Eugene Braunwald
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.L.C., C.A.M., S.D.S., E.J.O., E.B., C.Y.H.)
| | - Carolyn Y Ho
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.L.C., C.A.M., S.D.S., E.J.O., E.B., C.Y.H.)
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8
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Hongwei Y, Ruiping C, Yingyan F, Guanjun Z, Jie H, Xingyu L, Jie T, Zhenghong L, Qin G, Junfeng H, Heng Z. Effect of Irbesartan on AGEs-RAGE and MMPs systems in rat type 2 diabetes myocardial-fibrosis model. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:612-620. [PMID: 31027433 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219840981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT There are about 425 million diabetes patients (20-79 years) in the world according to the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas - 8th Edition. The cardiovascular complication is one of the major causes of death in diabetes patients. Myocardial fibrosis is one of the serious pathological changes, so investigating the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis has the significant value. Our study aims to investigate the effect of Irbesartan (the angiotensin II receptor antagonist) on the changes of AGE-RAGE system and MMP family components, and analyzes the potential mechanisms in type 2 diabetes-induced myocardial fibrosis. Our results provide the theoretical base for better understanding the pathogenesis in type 2 diabetes-induced myocardial complication. It is useful for clinicians to select the effective therapeutic measures for treatment of type 2 diabetes-induced organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hongwei
- 1 Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China.,2 Science Research Centre, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Cao Ruiping
- 1 Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China.,2 Science Research Centre, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Fang Yingyan
- 3 Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhang Guanjun
- 1 Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Hu Jie
- 1 Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Liu Xingyu
- 1 Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Tang Jie
- 2 Science Research Centre, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Li Zhenghong
- 1 Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Gao Qin
- 1 Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Hu Junfeng
- 4 Department of Respiration and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
| | - Zhang Heng
- 5 Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
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El-Said NT, Mohamed EA, Taha RA. Irbesartan suppresses cardiac toxicity induced by doxorubicin via regulating the p38-MAPK/NF-κB and TGF-β1 pathways. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:647-658. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01624-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Mohamed EA, Ahmed HI, Zaky HS. Protective effect of irbesartan against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: implication of AMPK, PI3K/Akt, and mTOR signaling pathways. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:1209-1217. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is one of the serious undesirable effects related to doxorubicin (DOX). Herein, we have investigated the potential protective effect of irbesartan (IRB) against chronic nephrotoxicity induced by DOX, and the implication of different mechanistic pathways underlying these effects. Rats were treated with either DOX (2.5 mg/kg i.p., 3 times/week) for 2 weeks, and (or) IRB (40 mg/kg, daily) for 3 weeks. IRB prohibited nephrotoxicity induced by DOX, which was evident by the increase in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels and histopathological changes. IRB improved DOX-induced alterations in oxidative status by diminishing lipid peroxidation and upregulating the antioxidant enzymes. Also, upon DOX treatment, the renal expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and caspase-3 were significantly increased; IRB diminished DOX-induced alterations in these parameters. Moreover, DOX significantly decreased the expression level of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Meanwhile, DOX induced activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt/PKB) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways that cross talked with AMPK. On the contrary, IRB successfully counterbalanced all these effects. Collectively, these outcomes suggest that the modulation of AMPK, PI3K, Akt, and mTOR pathways plays a critical role in conferring the protective effects of IRB against DOX nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatalla I. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba S. Zaky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Four and a half LIM domain protein signaling and cardiomyopathy. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1073-1085. [PMID: 29926425 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Four and a half LIM domain (FHL) protein family members, FHL1 and FHL2, are multifunctional proteins that are enriched in cardiac muscle. Although they both localize within the cardiomyocyte sarcomere (titin N2B), they have been shown to have important yet unique functions within the context of cardiac hypertrophy and disease. Studies in FHL1-deficient mice have primarily uncovered mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) scaffolding functions for FHL1 as part of a novel biomechanical stretch sensor within the cardiomyocyte sarcomere, which acts as a positive regulator of pressure overload-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. New data have highlighted a novel role for the serine/threonine protein phosphatase (PP5) as a deactivator of the FHL1-based biomechanical stretch sensor, which has implications in not only cardiac hypertrophy but also heart failure. In contrast, studies in FHL2-deficient mice have primarily uncovered an opposing role for FHL2 as a negative regulator of adrenergic-mediated signaling and cardiac hypertrophy, further suggesting unique functions targeted by FHL proteins in the "stressed" cardiomyocyte. In this review, we provide current knowledge of the role of FHL1 and FHL2 in cardiac muscle as it relates to their actions in cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy. A specific focus will be to dissect the pathways and protein-protein interactions that underlie FHLs' signaling role in cardiac hypertrophy as well as provide a comprehensive list of FHL mutations linked to cardiac disease, using evidence gained from genetic mouse models and human genetic studies.
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12
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Mohamed IA, Krishnamoorthy NT, Nasrallah GK, Da'as SI. The Role of Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein C3 in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-Progress and Novel Therapeutic Opportunities. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1650-1659. [PMID: 27731493 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common autosomal dominant genetic cardiovascular disorder marked by genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Mutations in the gene encodes the cardiac myosin-binding protein C, cMYBPC3 is amongst the various sarcomeric genes that are associated with HCM. These mutations produce mutated mRNAs and truncated cMyBP-C proteins. In this review, we will discuss the implications and molecular mechanisms involved in MYBPC3 different mutations. Further, we will highlight the novel targets that can be developed into potential therapeutics for the treatment of HMC. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1650-1659, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman A Mohamed
- Department of Biomedical Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Navaneethakrishnan T Krishnamoorthy
- Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar.,Heart Science Centre, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sahar I Da'as
- Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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Abdel-Raheem IT, Omran GA, Katary MA. Irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, with selective PPAR-gamma-modulating activity improves function and structure of chemotherapy-damaged ovaries in rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2015; 29:286-98. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ihab T. Abdel-Raheem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Damanhour University; Damanhour 22111 Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Omran
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Damanhour University; Damanhour 22111 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alaa Katary
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Damanhour University; Damanhour 22111 Egypt
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