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Sun C, Dong S, Chen W, Li J, Luo E, Ji J. Berberine alleviates Alzheimer's disease by regulating the gut microenvironment, restoring the gut barrier and brain-gut axis balance. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155624. [PMID: 38678955 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. Intestinal flora and its metabolism play a significant role in ameliorating central nervous system disorders, including AD, through bidirectional interactions between the gut-brain axis. A naturally occurring alkaloid compound called berberine (BBR) has neuroprotective properties and prevents Aβ-induced microglial activation. Additionally, BBR can suppress the synthesis of Aβ and decrease BACE1 expression. However, it is still unclear if BBR therapy can alleviate AD by changing the gut flora. PURPOSE In this study, we examined whether a partial alleviation of AD could be achieved with BBR treatment and the molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS We did this by analyzing alterations in Aβ plaques, neurons, and related neuroinflammation-related markers in the brain and the transcriptome of the mouse brain. The relationship between the intestinal flora of 5xFAD model mice and BBR treatment was investigated using high-throughput sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA from mouse feces. RESULTS The findings demonstrated that treatment with BBR cleared Aβ plaques, alleviated neuroinflammation, and ameliorated spatial memory dysfunction in AD. BBR significantly alleviated intestinal inflammation, decreased intestinal permeability, and could improve intestinal microbiota composition in 5xFAD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbin Sun
- South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Shanshan Dong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Enli Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Jiacui Ji
- Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan 250014, China.
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Yan L, Deng Y, Du Y, Fang X, Fang X, Zhang Q. Metabolic Regulations of Smilax china L. against β-Amyloid Toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Metabolites 2024; 14:49. [PMID: 38248852 PMCID: PMC10818737 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Smilax china L. (Chinaroot) is a natural herb that has multiple uses, such as being used to make tea and food. Both its roots and leaves have different uses due to their unique components. In this study, we analyzed the extract of S. china. roots using LC-HRMS and evaluated the neuroprotective effects and metabolic regulation of S. china on Caenorhabditis elegans. Chinaroot extract prolonged the life span of healthy nematodes, delayed the paralysis time of transgenic CL4176, and reduced the level of β-amyloid deposition in transgenic CL2006. The comprehensive analysis of metabolomics and qRT-PCR revealed that Chinaroot extract exerted neuroprotective effects through the valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation and fatty acid degradation pathways. Moreover, we first discovered that the expressions of T09B4.8, ech-7, and agxt-1 were linked to the neuroprotective effects of Chinaroot. The material exerted neuroprotective effects by modulating metabolic abnormalities in AD model C. elegans. Our study provides a new foundation for the development of functional food properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuchan Deng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yulan Du
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xutong Fang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Ni X, Inoue R, Wu Y, Yoshida T, Yaku K, Nakagawa T, Saito T, Saido TC, Takao K, Mori H. Regional contributions of D-serine to Alzheimer's disease pathology in male AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1211067. [PMID: 37455930 PMCID: PMC10339350 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1211067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with excitotoxicity mediated by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). D-Serine is an endogenous co-agonist necessary for NMDAR-mediated excitotoxicity. In the mammalian brain, it is produced by serine racemase (SRR) from L-serine, suggesting that dysregulation of L-serine, D-serine, or SRR may contribute to AD pathogenesis. Objective and methods We examined the contributions of D-serine to AD pathology in the AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F gene knock-in (APPKI) mouse model of AD. We first examined brain SRR expression levels and neuropathology in APPKI mice and then assessed the effects of long-term D-serine supplementation in drinking water on neurodegeneration. To further confirm the involvement of endogenous D-serine in AD progression, we generated Srr gene-deleted APPKI (APPKI-SRRKO) mice. Finally, to examine the levels of brain amino acids, we conducted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results Expression of SRR was markedly reduced in the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) of APPKI mice at 12 months of age compared with age-matched wild-type mice. Neuronal density was decreased in the hippocampal CA1 region but not altered significantly in the RSC. D-Serine supplementation exacerbated neuronal loss in the hippocampal CA1 of APPKI mice, while APPKI-SRRKO mice exhibited attenuated astrogliosis and reduced neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 compared with APPKI mice. Furthermore, APPKI mice demonstrated marked abnormalities in the cortical amino acid levels that were partially reversed in APPKI-SRRKO mice. Conclusion These findings suggest that D-serine participates in the regional neurodegenerative process in the hippocampal CA1 during the amyloid pathology of AD and that reducing brain D-serine can partially attenuate neuronal loss and reactive astrogliosis. Therefore, regulating SRR could be an effective strategy to mitigate NMDAR-dependent neurodegeneration during AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiance Ni
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ran Inoue
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yaku
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takaomi C. Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keizo Takao
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Behavioral Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hisashi Mori
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Hammadi SH, Hassan MA, Allam EA, Elsharkawy AM, Shams SS. Effect of sacubitril/valsartan on cognitive impairment in colchicine-induced Alzheimer's model in rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:275-286. [PMID: 36203311 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease. There is epidemiological evidence that heart failure (HF) patients are at higher risk of developing AD, and the impact of sacubitril/valsartan, the first angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) approved for HF, on cognitive functions is still controversial. To investigate the effect of sacubitril/valsartan on cognitive functions in colchicine-induced AD rat model. Forty adult male Wistar rats were equally allocated into four groups (each of 10 rats): Group I: normal control, Group II: intracerebroventricular injection of colchicine (15 μg/5 μl/bilaterally), Group III: colchicine (15 μg/5 μl/bilaterally, icv) + oral sacubitril/valsartan (100 mg/kg/day) for 25 days, and Group IV: colchicine (15 μg/5 μl/bilaterally, icv) + oral valsartan (50 mg/kg/day) for 25 days. Behavioral assessment was done using Morris water maze and passive avoidance tasks. Biochemically, β-amyloid (1-40 and 1-42) peptides, oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase) and inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) parameters were measured in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Sacubitril/valsartan exaggerated colchicine-induced cognitive impairment in both Morris water maze and passive avoidance tasks and was associated with significant increase in β-amyloid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation versus valsartan. Sacubitril/valsartan caused deleterious effect on cognitive impairment and biochemical alterations in colchicine-induced AD rat model. Hence, special caution should be taken following long-term intake of ARNI on cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami H Hammadi
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Madiha A Hassan
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman A Allam
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal M Elsharkawy
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sherouk S Shams
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Fu J, Li J, Sun Y, Liu S, Song F, Liu Z. In-depth investigation of the mechanisms of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide mitigating Alzheimer's disease rat via gut microbiota and feces metabolomics. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123488. [PMID: 36731694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis (S. chinensis) is an herbal medicine used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purified polysaccharide fraction, namely SCP2, was previously isolated from S. chinensis crude polysaccharide (SCP) and its structure and in vitro activity were investigated. However, the in vivo activity of SCP2 and its potential mechanism for the treatment of AD have yet to be determined. This study used a combination of microbiomics and metabolomics to comprehensively explore the microbiota and metabolic changes in AD rats under SCP2 intervention, with the aim of elucidating the potential mechanisms of SCP2 in the treatment of AD. SCP2 showed significant therapeutic effects in AD rats, as evidenced by improved learning and memory capacity, reduced neuroinflammation, and restoration of the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Fecal metabolomic and microbiomic analyses revealed that SCP2 significantly modulated 19 endogenous metabolites and reversed gut microbiota disorders in AD rats. Moreover, SCP2 significantly increased the content of short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) in the AD rats. Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between gut microbes, metabolites and the content of SCFAs. Collectively, these findings will provide the basis for further development of SCP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences & National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Jixun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences & National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Yuzhen Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences & National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences & National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Fengrui Song
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences & National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhongying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China..
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Yin C, Harms AC, Hankemeier T, Kindt A, de Lange ECM. Status of Metabolomic Measurement for Insights in Alzheimer's Disease Progression-What Is Missing? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054960. [PMID: 36902391 PMCID: PMC10003384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an aging-related neurodegenerative disease, leading to the progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions. As there is still no cure for AD, the growth in the number of susceptible individuals represents a major emerging threat to public health. Currently, the pathogenesis and etiology of AD remain poorly understood, while no efficient treatments are available to slow down the degenerative effects of AD. Metabolomics allows the study of biochemical alterations in pathological processes which may be involved in AD progression and to discover new therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the results from studies on metabolomics analysis performed in biological samples of AD subjects and AD animal models. Then this information was analyzed by using MetaboAnalyst to find the disturbed pathways among different sample types in human and animal models at different disease stages. We discuss the underlying biochemical mechanisms involved, and the extent to which they could impact the specific hallmarks of AD. Then we identify gaps and challenges and provide recommendations for future metabolomics approaches to better understand AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyuan Yin
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amy C. Harms
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alida Kindt
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Dalmasso MC, Arán M, Galeano P, Perin S, Giavalisco P, Martino Adami PV, Novack GV, Castaño EM, Cuello AC, Scherer M, Maier W, Wagner M, Riedel-Heller S, Ramirez A, Morelli L. Nicotinamide as potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease: A translational study based on metabolomics. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:1067296. [PMID: 36685284 PMCID: PMC9853457 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1067296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The metabolic routes altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain are poorly understood. As the metabolic pathways are evolutionarily conserved, the metabolic profiles carried out in animal models of AD could be directly translated into human studies. Methods: We performed untargeted Nuclear Magnetic Resonance metabolomics in hippocampus of McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic (Tg) rats, a model of AD-like cerebral amyloidosis and the translational potential of these findings was assessed by targeted Gas Chromatography-Electron Impact-Mass Spectrometry in plasma of participants in the German longitudinal cohort AgeCoDe. Results: In rat hippocampus 26 metabolites were identified. Of these 26 metabolites, nine showed differences between rat genotypes that were nominally significant. Two of them presented partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) loadings with the larger absolute weights and the highest Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) scores and were specifically assigned to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide (Nam). NAD levels were significantly decreased in Tg rat brains as compared to controls. In agreement with these results, plasma of AD patients showed significantly reduced levels of Nam in respect to cognitively normal participants. In addition, high plasma levels of Nam showed a 27% risk reduction of progressing to AD dementia within the following 2.5 years, this hazard ratio is lost afterwards. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that a decrease of Nam plasma levels is observed couple of years before conversion to AD, thereby suggesting its potential use as biomarker for AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C. Dalmasso
- Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration-Fundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET). Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Studies in Neuroscience and Complex Systems Unit (ENyS-CONICET-HEC-UNAJ). Florencio Varela, Florencio Varela, Argentina
| | - Martín Arán
- Laboratory of NMR-Fundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET). Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Cologne, Argentina
| | - Pablo Galeano
- Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration-Fundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET). Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Perin
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Pamela V. Martino Adami
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gisela V. Novack
- Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration-Fundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET). Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo M. Castaño
- Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration-Fundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET). Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A. Claudio Cuello
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, CA, Canada
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Neurodegenerative and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Department of Neurodegenerative and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, United States,Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Laura Morelli
- Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration-Fundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET). Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,*Correspondence: Laura Morelli,
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Maffioli E, Murtas G, Rabattoni V, Badone B, Tripodi F, Iannuzzi F, Licastro D, Nonnis S, Rinaldi AM, Motta Z, Sacchi S, Canu N, Tedeschi G, Coccetti P, Pollegioni L. Insulin and serine metabolism as sex-specific hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease in the human hippocampus. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111271. [PMID: 36070700 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy aging is an ambitious aspiration for humans, but neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), strongly affect quality of life. Using an integrated omics approach, we investigate alterations in the molecular composition of postmortem hippocampus samples of healthy persons and individuals with AD. Profound differences are apparent between control and AD male and female cohorts in terms of up- and downregulated metabolic pathways. A decrease in the insulin response is evident in AD when comparing the female with the male group. The serine metabolism (linked to the glycolytic pathway and generating the N-methyl-D-aspartate [NMDA] receptor coagonist D-serine) is also significantly modulated: the D-Ser/total serine ratio represents a way to counteract age-related cognitive decline in healthy men and during AD onset in women. These results show how AD changes and, in certain respects, almost reverses sex-specific proteomic and metabolomic profiles, highlighting how different pathophysiological mechanisms are active in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Maffioli
- DIVAS, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milano, 20121 Milano, Italy; CIMAINA, University of Milano, 20121 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Murtas
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Valentina Rabattoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Beatrice Badone
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Farida Tripodi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Filomena Iannuzzi
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Simona Nonnis
- DIVAS, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milano, 20121 Milano, Italy; CIMAINA, University of Milano, 20121 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Rinaldi
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Zoraide Motta
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Silvia Sacchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Nadia Canu
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," 00133 Rome, Italy; Istituto di Biochimica e Biologia Cellulare (IBBC) CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- DIVAS, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milano, 20121 Milano, Italy; CIMAINA, University of Milano, 20121 Milano, Italy.
| | - Paola Coccetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - Loredano Pollegioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.
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Orzyłowska A, Oakden W. Saturation Transfer MRI for Detection of Metabolic and Microstructural Impairments Underlying Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease. Brain Sci 2021; 12:53. [PMID: 35053797 PMCID: PMC8773856 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia and difficult to study as the pool of subjects is highly heterogeneous. Saturation transfer (ST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods are quantitative modalities with potential for non-invasive identification and tracking of various aspects of AD pathology. In this review we cover ST-MRI studies in both humans and animal models of AD over the past 20 years. A number of magnetization transfer (MT) studies have shown promising results in human brain. Increased computing power enables more quantitative MT studies, while access to higher magnetic fields improves the specificity of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) techniques. While much work remains to be done, results so far are very encouraging. MT is sensitive to patterns of AD-related pathological changes, improving differential diagnosis, and CEST is sensitive to particular pathological processes which could greatly assist in the development and monitoring of therapeutic treatments of this currently incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Orzyłowska
- Department of Neurosurgery and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8 (SPSK 4), 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wendy Oakden
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada;
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Gupta N, Ramakrishnan S, Wajid S. Emerging role of metabolomics in protein conformational disorders. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:395-410. [PMID: 34227444 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1948330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Metabolomics focuses on interactions among different metabolites associated with various cellular functions in cells, tissues, and organs. In recent years, metabolomics has emerged as a powerful tool to identify perturbed metabolites, pathways influenced by the environment, for protein conformational diseases (PCDs) and also offers wide clinical application.Area Covered: This review provides a brief overview of recent advances in metabolomics as applied to identify metabolic variations in PCDs, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, prion disease, and cardiac amyloidosis. The 'PubMed' and 'Google Scholar' database search methods have been used to screen the published reports with key search terms: metabolomics, biomarkers, and protein conformational disorders.Expert opinion: Metabolomics is the large-scale study of metabolites and is deemed to overwhelm other omics. It plays a crucial role in finding variations in diseases due to protein conformational changes. However, many PCDs are yet to be identified. Metabolomics is still an emerging field; there is a need for new high-resolution analytical techniques and more studies need to be carried out to generate new information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, India
| | | | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, India
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