1
|
Whole genome sequencing analysis of high confidence variants of B-cell lymphoma in Canis familiaris. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238183. [PMID: 32857815 PMCID: PMC7454977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma (lymphosarcoma) is the second most frequent cancer in dogs and is clinically comparable to human non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Factors affecting canine lymphoma progression are unknown and complex, but there is evidence that genetic mutations play an important role. We employed Next Gen DNA sequencing of six dogs with multicentric B-cell lymphoma undergoing CHOP chemotherapy to identify genetic variations potentially impacting response. Paired samples from non-neoplastic tissue (blood mononuclear cells) and lymphoma were collected at the time of diagnosis. Cases with progression free survival above the median of 231 days were grouped as 'good' responders and cases below the median were categorized as 'poor' responders. The average number of variants found was 17,138 per case. The variants were filtered to examine those with predicted moderate or high impacts. Many of the genes with variants had human orthologs with links to cancer, but the majority of variants were not previously reported in canine or human lymphoma. Seven genes had variants found in the cancers of at least two 'poor' responders but in no 'good' responders: ATRNL1, BAIAP2L2, ZNF384, ST6GALNAC5, ENSCAFG00000030179 (human ortholog: riboflavin kinase RFK), ENSCAFG00000029320, and ENSCAFG00000007370 (human ortholog: immunoglobin IGKV4-1). Two genes had variants found in the cancers of at least two 'good' responders but in no 'poor' responders: COX18 and ENSCAFG00000030512. ENSCAFG00000030512 has no reported orthologue in any other species. The role of these mutations in the progression of canine lymphoma requires further functional analyses and larger scale study.
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu L, Yu TT, Ren CC, Yang L, Cui SH, Zhang XA. CP-31398 inhibits the progression of cervical cancer through reversing the epithelial mesenchymal transition via the downregulation of PAX2s. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2929-2942. [PMID: 30132866 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
CP-31398, a styrylquinazoline, emerges from a screen for therapeutic agents that restore the wild-type DNA-binding conformation of mutant p53 to suppress tumors in vivo, but its effects on cervical cancer (CC) remain unknown. Hence, this study aimed to explore the effects CP-31398 has on the CC cells and to investigate whether it is associated with paired box 2 (PAX2) expression. CC cells were treated with different concentrations of CP-31398 (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 μg/ml) to determine the optimum concentration using fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay. After constructing the sh-PAX2 vector, CC cells were transfected with sh-PAX2 or treated with CP-31398. The effects of CP-31398 or PAX2 silencing on CC cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were evaluated. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes such as E-cadherin, vimentin, N-cadherin, snail, and twist in CC cells were detected. Tumor formation experiment in nude mice was performed to observe tumor growth. The optimum concentration of CP-31398 was 2 μg/ml. PAX2 was overexpressed in CC cells. CC cells treated with CP-31398 or treated with sh-PAX2 inhibited proliferation, invasion, and migration but promoted apoptosis with decreased PAX2 expression. The EMT process in CC cells was also reversed after treatment with CP-31398 or sh-PAX2. Moreover, the tumor formation experiment in nude mice revealed the inhibitory activity of CP-31398 in CC tumor in nude mice by suppressing PAX2. Our results provide evidence that CP-31398 could inhibit EMT and promote apoptosis of CC cells to curb CC tumor growth by downregulating PAX2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tan-Tan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen-Chen Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shi-Hong Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-An Zhang
- Department of Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ito S, Ueno A, Ueda T, Nakagawa H, Taniguchi H, Kayukawa N, Fujihara-Iwata A, Hongo F, Okihara K, Ukimura O. CNPY2 inhibits MYLIP-mediated AR protein degradation in prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17645-17655. [PMID: 29707137 PMCID: PMC5915145 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that promotes prostate cancer (PC) cell growth through control of target gene expression. This report suggests that Canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 (CNPY2) controls AR protein levels in PC cells. We found that AR was ubiquitinated by an E3 ubiquitin ligase, myosin regulatory light chain interacting protein (MYLIP) and then degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. CNPY2 decreased the ubiquitination activity of MYLIP by inhibition of interaction between MYLIP and UBE2D1, an E2 ubiquitin ligase. CNPY2 up-regulated gene expression of AR target genes such as KLK3 gene which encodes the prostate specific antigen (PSA) and promoted cell growth of PC cells. The cell growth inhibition by CNPY2 knockdown was rescued by AR overexpression. Furthermore, positive correlation of expression levels between CNPY2 and AR/AR target genes was observed in tissue samples from human prostate cancer patients. Together, these results suggested that CNPY2 promoted cell growth of PC cells by inhibition of AR protein degradation through MYLIP-mediated AR ubiquitination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saya Ito
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Akihisa Ueno
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Urology, Uji Takeda Hospital, Uji-City, Kyoto 611-0021, Japan
| | - Hideo Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Taniguchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Naruhiro Kayukawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsuko Fujihara-Iwata
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Fumiya Hongo
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Koji Okihara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Osamu Ukimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-City, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nakagawa H, Ueda T, Ito S, Shiraishi T, Taniguchi H, Kayukawa N, Nakanishi H, Ushijima S, Kanazawa M, Nakamura T, Naya Y, Hongo F, Kamoi K, Okihara K, Ukimura O. Androgen suppresses testicular cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2018; 7:35224-32. [PMID: 27144435 PMCID: PMC5085223 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Silencing of androgen receptor (AR)-meditated androgen signaling is thought to be associated with the development of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs). However, the role of the androgen/AR signal in TGCT development has not been investigated. In this study, we show that the androgen/AR signal suppressed the cell growth of seminomas (SEs), a type of TGCT, in vitro and in vivo. Growth of SE cells was suppressed by DHT treatment and reduction of androgen levels by surgical castration promoted cancer cell growth in an in vivo xenograft model. Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), the rate limit enzyme in serotonin synthesis, was one of the genes which expression was reduced in DHT-treated SE cells. TPH1 was highly expressed in SE cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Activation of androgen/AR signaling in SE cells reduced the expression of TPH1 in SE cells, followed by the reduction of serotonin secretion in cell culture supernatant. These results suggested that silencing of androgen/AR signaling may cause initiation and progression of SE through increase in TPH1 gene expression level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Saya Ito
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takumi Shiraishi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Taniguchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Naruhiro Kayukawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - So Ushijima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kanazawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Terukazu Nakamura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshio Naya
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Fumiya Hongo
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kamoi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Koji Okihara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Osamu Ukimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen Y, Qi C, Xia L, Li G. Identification of novel genetic etiology and key molecular pathways for seminoma via network-based studies. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1280-1290. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
6
|
Hu J, Wang G, Sun T. Dissecting the roles of the androgen receptor in prostate cancer from molecular perspectives. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317692259. [PMID: 28475016 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317692259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor plays a pivotal role in prostate cancer progression, and androgen deprivation therapy to intercept androgen receptor signal pathway is an indispensable treatment for most advanced prostate cancer patients to delay cancer progression. However, the emerging of castration-resistant prostate cancer reminds us the alteration of androgen receptor, which includes androgen receptor mutation, the formation of androgen receptor variants, and androgen receptor distribution in cancer cells. In this review, we introduce the process of androgen receptor and also its variants' formation, translocation, and function alteration by protein modification or interaction with other pathways. We dissect the roles of androgen receptor in prostate cancer from molecular perspective to provide clues for battling prostate cancer, especially castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Gongxian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
CNPY2 promoted the proliferation of renal cell carcinoma cells and increased the expression of TP53. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 485:267-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
8
|
Ueda T, Ito S, Shiraishi T, Taniguchi H, Kayukawa N, Nakanishi H, Nakamura T, Naya Y, Hongo F, Kamoi K, Okihara K, Kawauchi A, Miki T. PAX2 promoted prostate cancer cell invasion through transcriptional regulation of HGF in an in vitro model. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:2467-73. [PMID: 26296757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the mechanism of prostate cancer cell invasion may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic strategies for its treatment. Paired box 2 (PAX2) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) proteins are promoters of prostate cancer cell invasion. We found that PAX2 protein activated the HGF gene promoter through histone H3 acetylation and upregulated HGF gene expression. Deletion analysis revealed that the region from -637 to -314 of the HGF gene was indispensable for HGF promoter activation by PAX2. This region contains consensus PAX2 binding sequences and mutations of the sequences attenuated HGF promoter activation. Using an in vitro invasion model, we found that PAX2 and HGF promoted prostate cancer cell invasion in the same pathway. Knockdown of HGF expression attenuated the cells' invasive capacity. Moreover, in tissue samples of human prostate cancers, HGF and PAX2 expression levels were positively correlated. These results suggested that upregulation of HGF gene expression by PAX2 enhanced the invasive properties of prostate cancer cells. The PAX2/HGF pathway in prostate cancer cells may be a novel therapeutic target in prostate cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ueda
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Saya Ito
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takumi Shiraishi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Taniguchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Naruhiro Kayukawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Terukazu Nakamura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshio Naya
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Fumiya Hongo
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kamoi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Koji Okihara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kawauchi
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tsuneharu Miki
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| |
Collapse
|