1
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Kessler N, Akabayov SR, Cohen LS, Scherf T, Naider F, Anglister J. The chemokines CCL5 and CXCL12 exhibit high-affinity binding to N-terminal peptides of the non-cognate receptors CXCR4 and CCR5, respectively. FEBS J 2024; 291:458-476. [PMID: 37997026 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
CC and CXC chemokines are distinct chemokine subfamilies. CC chemokines usually do not bind CXC-chemokine receptors and vice versa. CCR5 and CXCR4 receptors are activated by CCL5 and CXCL12 chemokines, respectively, and are also used as HIV-1 coreceptors. CCL5 contains one conserved binding site for a sulfated tyrosine residue, whereas CXCL12 is unique in having two additional sites for sulfated/nonsulfated tyrosine residues. In this study, N-terminal (Nt) CXCR4 peptides were found to bind CCL5 with somewhat higher affinities in comparison to those of short Nt-CCR5(8-20) peptides with the same number of sulfated tyrosine residues. Similarly, a long Nt-CCR5(1-27)(s Y3,s Y10,s Y14) peptide cross reacts with CXCL12 and with lower KD in comparison to its binding to CCL5. Intermolecular nuclear overhauser effect (NOE) measurements were used to decipher the mechanism of the chemokine/Nt-receptor peptide binding. The Nt-CXCR4 peptides interact with the conserved CCL5 tyrosine sulfate-binding site by an allovalency mechanism like that observed for CCL5 binding of Nt-CCR5 peptides. Nt-CCR5 peptides bind CXCL12 in multiple modes analogous to their binding to HIV-1 gp120 and interact with all three tyrosine/sulfated tyrosine-binding pockets of CXCL12. We suggest that the chemokine-receptors Nt-segments bind promiscuously to cognate and non-cognate chemokines and in a mechanism that is dependent on the number of binding pockets for tyrosine residues found on the chemokine. In conclusion, common features shared among the chemokine-receptors' Nt-segments such as multiple tyrosine residues that are potentially sulfated, and a large number of negatively charged residues are the reason of the cross binding observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Kessler
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sabine R Akabayov
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Leah S Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, USA
- The Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Tali Scherf
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Fred Naider
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, USA
- The Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacob Anglister
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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2
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Widmalm G. Glycan Shape, Motions, and Interactions Explored by NMR Spectroscopy. JACS AU 2024; 4:20-39. [PMID: 38274261 PMCID: PMC10807006 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Glycans in the form of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and glycoconjugates are ubiquitous in nature, and their structures range from linear assemblies to highly branched and decorated constructs. Solution state NMR spectroscopy facilitates elucidation of preferred conformations and shapes of the saccharides, motions, and dynamic aspects related to processes over time as well as the study of transient interactions with proteins. Identification of intermolecular networks at the atomic level of detail in recognition events by carbohydrate-binding proteins known as lectins, unraveling interactions with antibodies, and revealing substrate scope and action of glycosyl transferases employed for synthesis of oligo- and polysaccharides may efficiently be analyzed by NMR spectroscopy. By utilizing NMR active nuclei present in glycans and derivatives thereof, including isotopically enriched compounds, highly detailed information can be obtained by the experiments. Subsequent analysis may be aided by quantum chemical calculations of NMR parameters, machine learning-based methodologies and artificial intelligence. Interpretation of the results from NMR experiments can be complemented by extensive molecular dynamics simulations to obtain three-dimensional dynamic models, thereby clarifying molecular recognition processes involving the glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göran Widmalm
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Kumar S, Akabayov SR, Kessler N, Cohen LS, Solanki J, Naider F, Kay LE, Anglister J. The methyl 13C-edited/ 13C-filtered transferred NOE for studying protein interactions with short linear motifs. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2020; 74:681-693. [PMID: 32997264 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-020-00340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many proteins interact with their ligand proteins by recognition of short linear motifs that are often intrinsically disordered. These interactions are usually weak and are characterized by fast exchange. NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study weak interactions. The methods that have been commonly used are analysis of chemicals shift perturbations (CSP) upon ligand binding and saturation transfer difference spectroscopy. These two methods identify residues at the binding interface between the protein and its ligand. In the present study, we used a combination of transferred-NOE, specific methyl-labeling and an optimized isotope-edited/isotope-filtered NOESY experiment to study specific interactions between the 42 kDa p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase and the kinase interaction motif (KIM) on the STEP phosphatase. These measurements distinguished between residues that both exhibit CSPs upon ligand binding and interact with the KIM peptide from residues that exhibit CSPs but do not interact with the peptide. In addition, these results provide information about pairwise interactions that is important for a more reliable docking of the KIM peptide into its interacting surface on p38α. This combination of techniques should be applicable for many protein-peptide complexes up to 80 kDa for which methyl resonance assignment can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sabine R Akabayov
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Naama Kessler
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Leah S Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jacob Solanki
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Fred Naider
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Lewis E Kay
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Program in Molecular Medicine, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Jacob Anglister
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
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4
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Kessler N, Akabayov SR, Moseri A, Cohen LS, Sakhapov D, Bolton D, Fridman B, Kay LE, Naider F, Anglister J. Allovalency observed by transferred NOE: interactions of sulfated tyrosine residues in the N-terminal segment of CCR5 with the CCL5 chemokine. FEBS J 2020; 288:1648-1663. [PMID: 32814359 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The N-terminal segment of the chemokine receptor Human CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), Nt-CCR5, contains four tyrosine residues, Y3, Y10, Y14, and Y15. Sulfation of at least two of these tyrosine residues was found to be essential for high-affinity binding of CCR5 to its chemokine ligands. Here, we show that among the monosulfated Nt-CCR5(8-20) peptide surrogates (sNt-CCR5) those sulfated at Y15 and Y14 have the highest affinity for the CC chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) chemokine in comparison with monosulfation at position Y10. Sulfation at Y3 was not investigated. A peptide sulfated at both Y14 and Y15 has the highest affinity for CCL5 by up to a factor of 3, in comparison with the other disulfated (sNt-CCR5) peptides. Chemical shift perturbation analysis and transferred nuclear Overhauser effect measurements indicate that the sulfated tyrosine residues interact with the same CCL5-binding pocket and that each of the sulfated tyrosines at positions 10, 14, and 15 can occupy individually the binding site on CCL5 in a similar manner, although with somewhat different affinity, suggesting the possibility of allovalency in sulfated Nt-CCR5 peptides. The affinity of the disulfated peptides to CCL5 could be increased by this allovalency and by stronger electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Kessler
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sabine R Akabayov
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adi Moseri
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Leah S Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, USA.,PhD Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Damir Sakhapov
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - David Bolton
- Department of Molecular Biology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Office for People with Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Brandon Fridman
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Lewis E Kay
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fred Naider
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, USA.,PhD Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacob Anglister
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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5
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Abayev M, Rodrigues JPGLM, Srivastava G, Arshava B, Jaremko Ł, Jaremko M, Naider F, Levitt M, Anglister J. The solution structure of monomeric CCL5 in complex with a doubly sulfated N-terminal segment of CCR5. FEBS J 2018; 285:1988-2003. [PMID: 29619777 PMCID: PMC6433596 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory chemokine CCL5, which binds the chemokine receptor CCR5 in a two-step mechanism so as to activate signaling pathways in hematopoetic cells, plays an important role in immune surveillance, inflammation, and development as well as in several immune system pathologies. The recently published crystal structure of CCR5 bound to a high-affinity variant of CCL5 lacks the N-terminal segment of the receptor that is post-translationally sulfated and is known to be important for high-affinity binding. Here, we report the NMR solution structure of monomeric CCL5 bound to a synthetic doubly sulfated peptide corresponding to the missing first 27 residues of CCR5. Our structures show that two sulfated tyrosine residues, sY10 and sY14, as well as the unsulfated Y15 form a network of strong interactions with a groove on a surface of CCL5 that is formed from evolutionarily conserved basic and hydrophobic amino acids. We then use our NMR structures, in combination with available crystal data, to create an atomic model of full-length wild-type CCR5:CCL5. Our findings reveal the structural determinants involved in the recognition of CCL5 by the CCR5 N terminus. These findings, together with existing structural data, provide a complete structural framework with which to understand the specificity of receptor:chemokine interactions. DATABASE Structural data are available in the PDB under the accession number 6FGP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meital Abayev
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Gautam Srivastava
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Boris Arshava
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, USA
- The Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Łukasz Jaremko
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Fred Naider
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Assembly Institute, College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, USA
- The Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Levitt
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Jacob Anglister
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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