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Jiang H, Hu R, Wang YJ, Xie X. Predicting depression in patients with heart failure based on a stacking model. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:4661-4672. [PMID: 39070824 PMCID: PMC11235518 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i21.4661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of literature discussing the utilization of the stacking ensemble algorithm for predicting depression in patients with heart failure (HF). AIM To create a stacking model for predicting depression in patients with HF. METHODS This study analyzed data on 1084 HF patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database spanning from 2005 to 2018. Through univariate analysis and the use of an artificial neural network algorithm, predictors significantly linked to depression were identified. These predictors were utilized to create a stacking model employing tree-based learners. The performances of both the individual models and the stacking model were assessed by using the test dataset. Furthermore, the SHapley additive exPlanations (SHAP) model was applied to interpret the stacking model. RESULTS The models included five predictors. Among these models, the stacking model demonstrated the highest performance, achieving an area under the curve of 0.77 (95%CI: 0.71-0.84), a sensitivity of 0.71, and a specificity of 0.68. The calibration curve supported the reliability of the models, and decision curve analysis confirmed their clinical value. The SHAP plot demonstrated that age had the most significant impact on the stacking model's output. CONCLUSION The stacking model demonstrated strong predictive performance. Clinicians can utilize this model to identify high-risk depression patients with HF, thus enabling early provision of psychological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yu-Jie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiang Xie
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
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Wu Y, Zhou K, Liu B, Xu J, Lei L, Hu J, Cheng X, Zhong F, Wang S. Glial Activation, Mitochondrial Imbalance, and Akt/mTOR Signaling May Be Potential Mechanisms of Cognitive Impairment in Heart Failure Mice. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:589-603. [PMID: 37668877 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major health burden worldwide, with approximately half of HF patients having a comorbid cognitive impairment (CI). However, it is still unclear how CI develops in patients with HF. In the present study, a mice model of heart failure was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. Echocardiography 1 month later confirmed the decline in ejection fraction and ventricular remodeling. Cognitive function was examined by the Pavlovian fear conditioning and the Morris water maze. HF group cued fear memory, spatial memory, and learning impairment, accompanied by activation of glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes) in the hippocampus. In addition, the mitochondrial biogenesis genes TFAM and SIRT1 decreased, and the fission gene DRP1 increased in the hippocampus. Damaged mitochondria release excessive ROS, and the ability to produce ATP decreases. Damaged swollen mitochondria with altered morphology and aberrant inner-membrane crista were observed under a transmission electron microscope. Finally, Akt/mTOR signaling was upregulated in the hippocampus of heart failure mice. These findings suggest that activation of Akt/mTOR signaling, glial activation, and mitochondrial dynamics imbalance could trigger cognitive impairment in the pathological process of heart failure mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kaiyi Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Baiyang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jindong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liming Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness, Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research On Emergency in TCM, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Feng Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Truter N, Malan L, Essop MF. Glial cell activity in cardiovascular diseases and risk of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H373-H390. [PMID: 36662577 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00332.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that the pathophysiological link between the brain and heart underlies cardiovascular diseases, specifically acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system and provide support/protection for neurons. Astrocytes and peripheral glial cells are emerging as key modulators of the brain-heart axis in AMI, by affecting sympathetic nervous system activity (centrally and peripherally). This review, therefore, aimed to gain an improved understanding of glial cell activity and AMI risk. This includes discussions on the potential role of contributing factors in AMI risk, i.e., autonomic nervous system dysfunction, glial-neurotrophic and ischemic risk markers [glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), astrocytic S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), silent myocardial ischemia, and cardiac troponin T (cTnT)]. Consideration of glial cell activity and related contributing factors in certain brain-heart disorders, namely, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, and chronic psychological stress, may improve our understanding regarding the pathological role that glial dysfunction can play in the development/onset of AMI. Here, findings demonstrated perturbations in glial cell activity and contributing factors (especially sympathetic activity). Moreover, emerging AMI risk included sympathovagal imbalance, low GDNF levels reflecting prothrombic risk, hypertension, and increased ischemia due to perfusion deficits (indicated by S100B and cTnT levels). Such perturbations impacted blood-barrier function and perfusion that were exacerbated during psychological stress. Thus, greater insights and consideration regarding such biomarkers may help drive future studies investigating brain-heart axis pathologies to gain a deeper understanding of astrocytic glial cell contributions and unlock potential novel therapies for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Truter
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leoné Malan
- Technology Transfer and Innovation-Support Office, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - M Faadiel Essop
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Remes O, Mendes JF, Templeton P. Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1633. [PMID: 34942936 PMCID: PMC8699555 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11121633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the leading causes of disability, and, if left unmanaged, it can increase the risk for suicide. The evidence base on the determinants of depression is fragmented, which makes the interpretation of the results across studies difficult. The objective of this study is to conduct a thorough synthesis of the literature assessing the biological, psychological, and social determinants of depression in order to piece together the puzzle of the key factors that are related to this condition. Titles and abstracts published between 2017 and 2020 were identified in PubMed, as well as Medline, Scopus, and PsycInfo. Key words relating to biological, social, and psychological determinants as well as depression were applied to the databases, and the screening and data charting of the documents took place. We included 470 documents in this literature review. The findings showed that there are a plethora of risk and protective factors (relating to biological, psychological, and social determinants) that are related to depression; these determinants are interlinked and influence depression outcomes through a web of causation. In this paper, we describe and present the vast, fragmented, and complex literature related to this topic. This review may be used to guide practice, public health efforts, policy, and research related to mental health and, specifically, depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Remes
- Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | | | - Peter Templeton
- IfM Engage Limited, Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK;
- The William Templeton Foundation for Young People’s Mental Health (YPMH), Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
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Zhang L, Liu J, Ge Y, Liu M. Ginkgo biloba Extract Reduces Hippocampus Inflammatory Responses, Improves Cardiac Functions And Depressive Behaviors In A Heart Failure Mouse Model. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:3041-3050. [PMID: 31754303 PMCID: PMC6825506 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s229296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression has been shown to share an extremely high comorbidity with heart failure (HF). Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine in cardiac disease. However, its potential therapeutic effect on depressive symptoms following HF largely remains unknown. In this article, we aimed to investigate its effects in reducing depressive behaviors of a HF mouse model. Moreover, we also discussed whether its effects are associated with changes in neural inflammation and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) signaling. METHODS Mice were randomly divided into three groups: sham, HF+saline and HF+GBE (150 mg/kg/d) (n=10 per group). Systolic heart failure was induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. Cardiac functions together with depressive-like behaviors were measured after 4 weeks' treatment. Levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), 5-HT, 5-HT receptor 2A (5-HT2AR), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), (cleaved) caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 were analyzed by Western blot, Elisa and immunohistochemistry at the end of the experiments. RESULTS GBE benefited antidepressant-like behaviors and improved cardiac functions in mice with heart failure. Levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and 5-HT were reduced in the hippocampus after the administration of GBE. Further experiments revealed that GBE also blocked the release of serotonin in the peripheral blood and triggered HIF-1 induced anti-apoptotic pathways. CONCLUSION GBE has potential therapeutic effects in relieving depressive status of patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbin Ge
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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