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He Y, Li R, She W, Ai Y, Li K, Kumeria T, Jiang Z, Shao Q, Zou C, Albashari AA, Duan X, Ye Q. Inhibitory effects of the nanoscale lysate derived from xenogenic dental pulp stem cells in lung cancer models. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:488. [PMID: 38105218 PMCID: PMC10726628 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy and has the highest mortality rate among all tumors due to lymph node metastasis. Bone marrow and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated tumor-suppressive effects on lung cancer. This study investigated the effects of DPSC lysate on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of cancer cells were studied in vivo and in vitro. METHODS The proliferation, apoptosis, and migration/metastasis were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay, Annexin-V and propidium iodide staining, and the transwell assay, respectively. The expression levels of apoptosis-, cell cycle-, migration-, and adhesion-related mRNA and proteins were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. The level and mRNA expression of tumor markers carcino embryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qRT-PCR. Finally, a tumor-bearing mouse model was constructed to observe the tumor-suppressive effect of DPSC lysate after intraperitoneal injection. RESULTS DPSC lysate decreased the viability of A549 cells and induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Western blot confirmed that levels of Caspase-3, Bax, and Bad were increased, and Bcl-2 protein levels were decreased in A549 cells treated with DPSC lysate. In addition, DPSC lysate inhibited the migration and invasion of A549 cells; downregulated key genes of the cell cycle, migration, and adhesion; and significantly suppressed tumor markers. Xenograft results showed that DPSC lysate inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor weight. CONCLUSIONS DPSC lysate inhibited proliferation, invasion, and metastasis; promoted apoptosis in lung cancer cells; and suppressed tumor growth- potentially providing a cell-based alternative therapy for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 460030, Hubei, China
- Institute for Regenerative and Translational Research, Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 460030, Hubei, China
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 324025, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruohan Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 460030, Hubei, China
| | - Wenting She
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 460030, Hubei, China
| | - Yilong Ai
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Kesheng Li
- Institute for Regenerative and Translational Research, Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 460030, Hubei, China
| | - Tushar Kumeria
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ziran Jiang
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Shao
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Zou
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | | | - Xingxiang Duan
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 460030, Hubei, China.
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 460030, Hubei, China.
| | - Qingsong Ye
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 324025, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 460030, Hubei, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Gong X, Ogino N, Leite MF, Chen Z, Nguyen R, Liu R, Kruglov E, Flores K, Cabral A, Mendes GMM, Ehrlich BE, Mak M. Adaptation to volumetric compression drives hepatoblastoma cells to an apoptosis-resistant and invasive phenotype. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.08.561453. [PMID: 37873476 PMCID: PMC10592664 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.08.561453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer involves tumor cells rapidly growing within a packed tissue environment. Patient tumor tissues reveal densely packed and deformed cells, especially at tumor boundaries, indicative of physical crowding and compression. It is not well understood how these physical signals modulate tumor evolution and therapeutic susceptibility. Here we investigate the impact of volumetric compression on liver cancer (HepG2) behavior. We find that conditioning cells under a highly compressed state leads to major transcriptional reprogramming, notably the loss of hepatic markers, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like changes, and altered calcium signaling-related gene expression, over the course of several days. Biophysically, compressed cells exhibit increased Rac1-mediated cell spreading and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, cytoskeletal reorganization, increased YAP and β-catenin nuclear translocation, and dysfunction in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial calcium signaling. Furthermore, compressed cells are resistant to chemotherapeutics and desensitized to apoptosis signaling. Apoptosis sensitivity can be rescued by stimulated calcium signaling. Our study demonstrates that volumetric compression is a key microenvironmental factor that drives tumor evolution in multiple pathological directions and highlights potential countermeasures to re-sensitize therapy-resistant cells. Significance statement Compression can arise as cancer cells grow and navigate within the dense solid tumor microenvironment. It is unclear how compression mediates critical programs that drive tumor progression and therapeutic complications. Here, we take an integrative approach in investigating the impact of compression on liver cancer. We identify and characterize compressed subdomains within patient tumor tissues. Furthermore, using in vitro systems, we induce volumetric compression (primarily via osmotic pressure but also via mechanical force) on liver cancer cells and demonstrate significant molecular and biophysical changes in cell states, including in function, cytoskeletal signaling, proliferation, invasion, and chemoresistance. Importantly, our results show that compressed cells have impaired calcium signaling and acquire resistance to apoptosis, which can be countered via calcium mobilization.
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