1
|
Sobanaa M, Prathiviraj R, Selvin J, Prathaban M. A comprehensive review on methane's dual role: effects in climate change and potential as a carbon-neutral energy source. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:10379-10394. [PMID: 37884720 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30601-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The unprecedented population and anthropogenic activity rise have challenged the future look up for shifts in global temperature and climate patterns. Anthropogenic activities such as land fillings, building dams, wetlands converting to lands, combustion of biomass, deforestation, mining, and the gas and coal industries have directly or indirectly increased catastrophic methane (CH4) emissions at an alarming rate. Methane is 25 times more potent trapping heat when compared to carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. A rise in atmospheric methane, on a 20-year time scale, has an impact of 80 times greater than that of CO2. With increased population growth, waste generation is rising and is predicted to reach 6 Mt by 2025. CH4 emitted from landfills is a significant source that accounts for 40% of overall global methane emissions. Various mitigation and emissions reduction strategies could significantly reduce the global CH4 burden at a cost comparable to the parallel and necessary CO2 reduction measures, reversing the CH4 burden to pathways that achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. CH4 mitigation directly benefits climate change, has collateral impacts on the economy, human health, and agriculture, and considerably supports CO2 mitigation. Utilizing the CO2 from the environment, methanogens produce methane and lower their carbon footprint. NGOs and the general public should act on time to overcome atmospheric methane emissions by utilizing the raw source for producing carbon-neutral fuel. However, more research potential is required for green energy production and to consider investigating the untapped potential of methanogens for dependable energy generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Sobanaa
- Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | | | - Joseph Selvin
- Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Munisamy Prathaban
- Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bandla A, Akhtar H, Lupascu M, Sukri RS, Swarup S. Elevated methane flux in a tropical peatland post-fire is linked to depth-dependent changes in peat microbiome assembly. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:8. [PMID: 38253600 PMCID: PMC10803758 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fires in tropical peatlands extend to depth, transforming them from carbon sinks into methane sources and severely limit forest recovery. Peat microbiomes influence carbon transformations and forest recovery, yet our understanding of microbiome shifts post-fire is currently limited. Our previous study highlighted altered relationships between the peat surface, water table, aboveground vegetation, and methane flux after fire in a tropical peatland. Here, we link these changes to post-fire shifts in peat microbiome composition and assembly processes across depth. We report kingdom-specific and depth-dependent shifts in alpha diversity post-fire, with large differences at deeper depths. Conversely, we found shifts in microbiome composition across all depths. Compositional shifts extended to functional groups involved in methane turnover, with methanogens enriched and methanotrophs depleted at mid and deeper depths. Finally, we show that community shifts at deeper depths result from homogeneous selection associated with post-fire changes in hydrology and aboveground vegetation. Collectively, our findings provide a biological basis for previously reported methane fluxes after fire and offer new insights into depth-dependent shifts in microbiome assembly processes, which ultimately underlie ecosystem function predictability and ecosystem recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Bandla
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hasan Akhtar
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, RV University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Massimo Lupascu
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri
- Institute for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Sanjay Swarup
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dean JF, Billett MF, Turner TE, Garnett MH, Andersen R, McKenzie RM, Dinsmore KJ, Baird AJ, Chapman PJ, Holden J. Peatland pools are tightly coupled to the contemporary carbon cycle. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e16999. [PMID: 37921241 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands are globally important stores of soil carbon (C) formed over millennial timescales but are at risk of destabilization by human and climate disturbance. Pools are ubiquitous features of many peatlands and can contain very high concentrations of C mobilized in dissolved and particulate organic form and as the greenhouses gases carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and methane (CH4 ). The radiocarbon content (14 C) of these aquatic C forms tells us whether pool C is generated by contemporary primary production or from destabilized C released from deep peat layers where it was previously stored for millennia. We present novel 14 C and stable C (δ13 C) isotope data from 97 aquatic samples across six peatland pool locations in the United Kingdom with a focus on dissolved and particulate organic C and dissolved CO2 . Our observations cover two distinct pool types: natural peatland pools and those formed by ditch blocking efforts to rewet peatlands (restoration pools). The pools were dominated by contemporary C, with the majority of C (~50%-75%) in all forms being younger than 300 years old. Both pool types readily transform and decompose organic C in the water column and emit CO2 to the atmosphere, though mixing with the atmosphere and subsequent CO2 emissions was more evident in natural pools. Our results show little evidence of destabilization of deep, old C in natural or restoration pools, despite the presence of substantial millennial-aged C in the surrounding peat. One possible exception is CH4 ebullition (bubbling), with our observations showing that millennial-aged C can be emitted from peatland pools via this pathway. Our results suggest that restoration pools formed by ditch blocking are effective at preventing the release of deep, old C from rewetted peatlands via aquatic export.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua F Dean
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michael F Billett
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - T Edward Turner
- water@leeds, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Forestry and Land Scotland, Dumfries, UK
| | - Mark H Garnett
- National Environmental Isotope Facility Radiocarbon Laboratory, East Kilbride, UK
| | - Roxane Andersen
- Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, UK
| | | | | | - Andy J Baird
- water@leeds, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Pippa J Chapman
- water@leeds, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Joseph Holden
- water@leeds, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Verrone V, Gupta A, Laloo AE, Dubey RK, Hamid NAA, Swarup S. Organic matter stability and lability in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems: A chemical and microbial perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167757. [PMID: 37852479 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have specific carbon fingerprints and sequestration potential, due to the intrinsic properties of the organic matter (OM), mineral content, environmental conditions, and microbial community composition and functions. A small variation in the OM pool can imbalance the carbon dynamics that ultimately affect the climate and functionality of each ecosystem, at regional and global scales. Here, we review the factors that continuously contribute to carbon stability and lability, with particular attention to the OM formation and nature, as well as the microbial activities that drive OM aggregation, degradation and eventually greenhouse gas emissions. We identified that in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, microbial attributes (i.e., carbon metabolism, carbon use efficiency, necromass, enzymatic activities) play a pivotal role in transforming the carbon stock and yet they are far from being completely characterised and not often included in carbon estimations. Therefore, future research must focus on the integration of microbial components into carbon mapping and models, as well as on translating molecular-scaled studies into practical approaches. These strategies will improve carbon management and restoration across ecosystems and contribute to overcome current climate challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Verrone
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore,117411, Singapore
| | - Abhishek Gupta
- Singapore Centre of Environmental Engineering and Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Andrew Elohim Laloo
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore,117411, Singapore; Singapore Centre of Environmental Engineering and Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rama Kant Dubey
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore,117411, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore; Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Nur Ashikin Abdul Hamid
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore,117411, Singapore
| | - Sanjay Swarup
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore,117411, Singapore; Singapore Centre of Environmental Engineering and Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zeng Z, Yue W, Kined C, Raciheon B, Liu J, Chen X. Effect of Lysinibacillus isolated from environment on probiotic properties and gut microbiota in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 258:114952. [PMID: 37141683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms (SM) are primarily involved in organism degradation, plant nitrogen nutrient immobilization, host microorganisms and oxidation. However, research on the effect of soil-derived Lysinibacillus on the intestinal microbiota spatial disparity of mice is lacking. To test the probiotic properties of Lysinibacillus and the spatial disparity on mice intestinal microorganisms, hemolysis test, molecular phylogenetic analysis, antibiotic sensitivity testing, serum biochemical assays and 16S rRNA profiling were applied. The results showed that Lysinibacillus (LZS1 and LZS2) was resistant to two common antibiotics, Tetracyclines and Rifampin, and sensitive to other antibiotics among the 12 antibiotics tested and negative for hemolysis. In addition, the body weight of group L (treatment of Lysinibacillus, 1.0 × 108 CFU/d for 21days) mice was significantly greater than that of the control group; serum biochemical tests showed that the TG and UREA were significantly lower in group L. The spatial disparity of intestinal microorganisms in mice was significant, treatment of Lysinibacillus (1.0 × 108 CFU/d for 21days) reduced the intestinal microbial diversity and decreased the richness of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes in mice. Furthermore, Lysinibacillus treatment enhanced Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae richness and significantly reduced 6 bacterial genera in jejunum community, reduced 8 bacterial genera, but increased bacteria at the 4 genera level in cecum microorganisms. In conclusion, this study demonstrated spatial disparity of intestinal microorganisms in mice and probiotic potential of Lysinibacillus isolated from soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Zeng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wen Yue
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, PR China
| | - Cermon Kined
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bakint Raciheon
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, PR China
| | - Xinzhu Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erland Bååth
- Section of Microbial Ecology Department of Biology Lund University 22362 Lund Sweden
| | - Patrick Meir
- School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh Crew Building, Kings Buildings Edinburgh UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mishra S, Page SE, Cobb AR, Lee JSH, Jovani‐Sancho AJ, Sjögersten S, Jaya A, Aswandi, Wardle DA. Degradation of Southeast Asian tropical peatlands and integrated strategies for their better management and restoration. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Mishra
- Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | - Susan E. Page
- School of Geography, Geology and the Environment University of Leicester Leicester UK
| | - Alexander R. Cobb
- Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and TechnologyCenter for Environmental Sensing and Modeling Singapore Singapore
| | - Janice Ser Huay Lee
- Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | | | | | - Adi Jaya
- Department of Agronomy University of Palangka Raya Palangka Raya Indonesia
| | - Aswandi
- Center for Environmental Studies (PSLH‐LPPM) University of Jambi Jambi Indonesia
| | - David A. Wardle
- Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tan ZD, Lupascu M, Wijedasa LS. Paludiculture as a sustainable land use alternative for tropical peatlands: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:142111. [PMID: 33207474 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands cover approximately 4.2 million km2 of terrestrial land surface and store up to 700 Pg of terrestrial carbon. Preserving the carbon stocks in peatland is therefore crucial for climate change mitigation. Under natural conditions, peatland carbon storage is maintained by moist peat conditions, which decreases decomposition and encourages peat formation. However, conversion of peatlands to drainage-based agriculture in the form of industrial plantations and smallholder farming has resulted in globally significant greenhouse gas emissions. Paludiculture, loosely conceptualized as biomass production on wet peatlands with the potential to maintain carbon storage, is proposed as a sustainable, non-drainage-based agriculture alternative for peatland use. However, while the concept of paludiculture was developed in temperate ecoregions, its application in the tropics is poorly understood. In this review, we examine common definitions of paludiculture used in literature to derive key themes and future directions. We found three common themes: ecosystem services benefits of paludiculture, hydrological conditions of peatlands, and vegetation selection for planting. Ambiguities surrounding these themes have led to questions on whether paludiculture applications are sustainable in the context of carbon sequestration in peat soil. This review aims to evaluate and advance current understanding of paludiculture in the context of tropical peatlands, which is especially pertinent given expanding agriculture development into Central Africa and South America, where large reserves of peatlands were recently discovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zu Dienle Tan
- Department of Geography, 1 Arts Link, #03-01 Block AS2, National University of Singapore, 117570, Singapore.
| | - Massimo Lupascu
- Department of Geography, 1 Arts Link, #03-01 Block AS2, National University of Singapore, 117570, Singapore; Integrated Tropical Peatlands Research Programme, NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), T-Labs, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore.
| | - Lahiru S Wijedasa
- Integrated Tropical Peatlands Research Programme, NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), T-Labs, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|