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Yang X, Ye Y, Wang Y, Wu P, Lu Q, Liu Y, Yuan J, Song X, Yan S, Qi X, Wang YX, Wen Y, Liu G, Lv C, Yang CX, Pan A, Zhang J, Pan XF. Association between early-pregnancy serum C-peptide and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a nested case-control study among Chinese women. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:56. [PMID: 35996181 PMCID: PMC9396763 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00691-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of early-pregnancy serum C-peptide with incident gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the predictive ability of maternal C-peptide for GDM. METHODS A nested case-control study of 332 GDM cases and 664 controls was established based on the Tongji-Shuangliu Birth Cohort. The GDM cases and controls were matched at 1:2 on maternal age (± 3 years) and gestational age (± 4 weeks). Multivariable conditional logistic regression was applied to assess the association of C-peptide with risk of GDM. Partial Spearman's correlation coefficients were estimated for the correlations between C-peptide and multiple metabolic biomarkers. C-statistics were calculated to assess the predictive ability of early-pregnancy C-peptide for GDM. RESULTS Of 996 pregnant women, median maternal age was 28.0 years old and median gestational age was 11.0 weeks. After adjustment for potential confounders, the odds ratio of GDM comparing the extreme quartiles of C-peptide was 2.28 (95% confidence interval, 1.43, 3.62; P for trend < 0.001). Partial correlation coefficients ranged between 0.07 and 0.77 for the correlations of C-peptide with fasting insulin, homeostatic model of insulin resistance, leptin, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin, waist-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P ≤ 0.025), and were - 0.11 and - 0.17 for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin (P < 0.001). Serum C-peptide slightly improved the predictive performance of the model with conventional predictive factors (0.66 vs. 0.63; P = 0.008). CONCLUSION While the predictive value for subsequent GDM should be validated, early-pregnancy serum C-peptide may be positively associated with risk of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Wenjiang Institute of Women's and Children's Health, Wenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, 610200, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaying Yuan
- Department of Science and Education, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, 610200, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingyue Song
- Department of Emergency, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Acute and Critical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Shijiao Yan
- Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China.,School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaorong Qi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ying Wen
- Department of Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chuanzhu Lv
- Department of Emergency, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Acute and Critical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China.,Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Chun-Xia Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jianli Zhang
- Wenjiang Institute of Women's and Children's Health, Wenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiong-Fei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,NMPA Key Laboratory for Technical Research on Drug Products in Vitro and in Vivo Correlation, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Shuangliu Institute of Women's and Children's Health, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, 610200, Sichuan, China.
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