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Chu T, Zhang R, Guo F, Zhu M, Zan S, Yang R. The toxicity of polystyrene micro- and nano-plastics on rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) varies with the particle size and concentration. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 269:106879. [PMID: 38422927 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
How the particle size and concentration of microplastics impact their toxicity is largely unknown. Herein, the effects of polystyrene microplastics (1 μm, MPs) and nanoplastics (100 nm, NPs) exposed at 1 mg/L (L) and 10 mg/L (H), respectively, on the growth, histopathology, oxidative stress, gut microbiome, and metabolism of rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) were investigated by chemical analysis and multi-omics. MPs and NPs inhibited the growth, induced histopathological injury and aggravated oxidative stress markedly with contrasting significance of particle size and concentration. The composition of core gut microbiota changed dramatically especially for the MPs-H. Similarly, gut bacterial communities were reshaped by the MPs and NPs but only NPs-H decreased both richness and Shannon indexes significantly. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the potential keystone genera underwent great changes in exposed groups compared to the control. MPs-H increased the network complexity and the frequency of positive interactions which was opposite to other exposed groups. Moreover, the metabolomic profiles associated with amino acid, lipid, unsaturated fatty acid and hormone metabolism were disturbed significantly especially for MPs-H and NPs-H. In conclusion, the toxicity of MPs depends on both the particle size and concentration, and varies with the specific indicators as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Fuyu Guo
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, China
| | - Shuting Zan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, China
| | - Ruyi Yang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, China.
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Zhang YK, Yang BK, Zhang CN, Xu SX, Sun P. Effects of polystyrene microplastics acute exposure in the liver of swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri) revealed by LC-MS metabolomics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:157772. [PMID: 35934030 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As global pollution, microplastics pollution has aroused growing concerns. In our experiment, the effect of microplastics acute exposure on the liver of swordtail fish was investigated by using LC-MS metabolomics. Fishes treated with high concentration polystyrene microspheres (1 μm) for 72 h were divided into three concentration groups: (A) no microplastics, (B): 1 × 106 microspheres L-1, (C): 1 × 107 microspheres L-1. Metabolomic analysis indicated that exposure to microplastics caused alterations of metabolic profiles in swordtail fish, including 37 differential metabolites were identified in B vs. A, screened out ten significant metabolites, which involved 14 metabolic pathways. One hundred three differential metabolites were identified in C vs. A, screened out 16 significant metabolites, which involved 30 metabolic pathways. Six significant metabolites were overlapping in group B vs. A and C vs. A; they are 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, l-histidine, citrulline, linoleic acid, pantothenate, and xanthine. In addition, four metabolic pathways are overlapping in group B vs. A and C vs. A; they are beta-alanine metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, linoleic acid metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. These differential metabolites were involved in oxidative stress, immune function, energy metabolism, sugar metabolism, lipid metabolism, molecule transport, and weakened feed utilization, growth performance, nutrient metabolism, and animal growth. Furthermore, we found that the number of interfered amino acids and microplastics showed a dose-effect. In summary, great attention should be paid to the potential impact of microplastics on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Kun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China; College of Life Science Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Bing-Kun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Chun-Nuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Shi-Xiao Xu
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Ping Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.
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Zhang J, Wang X, Li H, Chen C, Liu X. Immunomodulatory Effects of Chicken Broth and Histidine Dipeptides on the Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression Mouse Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214491. [PMID: 36364753 PMCID: PMC9659005 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The carnosine and anserine, which represent histidine dipeptides (HD), are abundant in chicken broth (CB). HD are endogenous dipeptide that has excellent antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. The immunomodulatory effect of CB hydrolysate (CBH) and HD in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice was examined in this study. CBH and HD were given to mice via oral gavage for 15 days, accompanied by intraperitoneal CTX administration to induce immunosuppression. CBH and HD treatment were observed to reduce immune organ atrophy (p < 0.05) and stimulate the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes (p < 0.05) while improving white blood cell, immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, CBH and HD strongly stimulated interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production by up-regulating IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA expression (p < 0.05) while inhibiting interleukin-10 (IL-10) overproduction and IL-10 mRNA expression (p < 0.05). In addition, CBH and HD prevented the inhibition of the nitric oxide (NP)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cGMP-cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway (p < 0.05). These results indicate that CBH and HD have the potential to prevent immunosuppression induced by CTX. Our data demonstrate that CBH can effectively improve the immune capacity of immunosuppressed mice similar to the same amount of purified HD, which indicates that CBH plays its role through its own HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xixi Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Animal Disease Control Center, Beijing 102618, China
| | - He Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Cunshe Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (X.L.)
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Li Y, Liao M, Zhu Y, Gao J, Song Y, Zhai Y, Zhu M, He Y, Dong W. Hyaluronic Acid Compound Filling Plus Mesotherapy vs Botulinum Toxin A for the Treatment of Horizontal Neck Lines: A Multicenter, Randomized, Evaluator-Blinded, Prospective Study in Chinese Subjects. Aesthet Surg J 2022; 42:NP230-NP241. [PMID: 34758056 PMCID: PMC8972830 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjab387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although energy devices and botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) can alleviate age-related laxity, ptosis, and platysmal bands, they have limited efficacy on horizontal neck lines. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy, safety, and subject satisfaction of a combined treatment of non–cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) compound filling plus mesotherapy for the correction of horizontal neck lines, in comparison with BTX-A. Methods This multicenter, randomized, evaluator-blinded, prospective study enrolled female patients with moderate-to-severe horizontal neck lines corrected with either 2 or 3 sessions of of non–cross-linked HA compound filling plus mesotherapy or 1 session of BTX-A injection. Improvement of the neck lines grades, Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), patient satisfaction, and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated and compared at 1, 3, 6, and 10 months after the final treatment. Results Twenty-five patients received HA filling plus mesotherapy and 23 received BTX-A injection. Compared with BTX-A, the HA compound filling plus mesotherapy significantly improved the horizontal neck lines grades on all follow-up visits (P = 0.000). Cases of different baseline grades (2, 2.5, and 3) demonstrated similar outcomes. The GAIS and patients’ satisfaction ratings were significantly higher for the HA filling plus mesotherapy treatment group (P = 0.000). Significantly higher pain ratings, higher incidence, and longer recovery of AEs (erythema, edema, and ecchymosis) were noticed in the combined treatment group (P < 0.001). No serious AEs occurred. Conclusions Compared with BTX-A, combined treatment with HA compound filling plus mesotherapy significantly improved moderate-to-severe horizontal neck lines and achieved a high level of patient satisfaction. Level of Evidence: 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meirong Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan FreSkin Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yijin Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan FreSkin Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan FreSkin Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Dermatology, Xian FreSkin Hospital, Xian, Shanxi, China
| | - Yang Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, Xian FreSkin Hospital, Xian, Shanxi, China
| | - Miao Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Changsha FreSkin Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Dermatology, Chongqing FreSkin Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiwei Dong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sichuan FreSkin Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Łochyński D, Pawlak M, Everaert I, Podgórski T, Gartych M, Borucka AM, Celichowski J, Derave W, Kaczmarek D. Motor Unit Fatigability following Chronic Carnosine Supplementation in Aged Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030514. [PMID: 35276873 PMCID: PMC8839880 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is effective in treating neuromuscular diseases associated with aging, but there is still a need to clarify its role in motor units (MUs) function during aging. In this study, 40 male Wistar rats aged 15 months were randomly assigned to a control or to two experimental groups in which 0.1% carnosine supplementation was performed for 10 or 34 weeks. After 34 weeks, we examined fast fatigable (FF), fast fatigue-resistant (FR) and slow (S) MUs’ force properties and fatigability, as well as antioxidant potential, advanced glycation end products, activity of enzymes, and histidyl dipeptides content in the medial gastrocnemius muscle. Short- and long-term carnosine supplementation maintained the force of FF MUs at a higher level during its rapid decline seen from the initial 10 to 70 s of the fatigue test. In FF, especially long-term, and in FR MUs, especially short-term, carnosine supplementation resulted in less rapid force decline during the initial 70 s of the second fatigue protocol. Carnosine supplementation did not change muscle antioxidant potential and mortality rate (~35% in all groups), nor muscle mass with aging. Moreover, instead of the expected increase, a decrease in histidyl dipeptides by ~30% in the red portion of medial gastrocnemius muscle after long-term supplementation was found. After chronic carnosine supplementation, the specific changes in fatigue resistance were observed in FF and FR units, but not in S MU types that were not accompanied by an improvement of antioxidant potential and activity of glycolytic or oxidative enzymes in aged rats. These observations indicate that carnosine supplementation during aging may generate different physiological adaptations which should be considered as an important factor when planning treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Łochyński
- Department of Neuromuscular Physiotherapy, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-879 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-879 Poznan, Poland; (M.G.); (J.C.)
| | - Maciej Pawlak
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-879 Poznan, Poland; (M.P.); (T.P.); (A.-M.B.)
| | - Inge Everaert
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (I.E.); (W.D.)
| | - Tomasz Podgórski
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-879 Poznan, Poland; (M.P.); (T.P.); (A.-M.B.)
| | - Magdalena Gartych
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-879 Poznan, Poland; (M.G.); (J.C.)
| | - Anna-Maria Borucka
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-879 Poznan, Poland; (M.P.); (T.P.); (A.-M.B.)
| | - Jan Celichowski
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-879 Poznan, Poland; (M.G.); (J.C.)
| | - Wim Derave
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (I.E.); (W.D.)
| | - Dominik Kaczmarek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-879 Poznan, Poland; (M.P.); (T.P.); (A.-M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-835-5182
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Dieter B, Macias C, Sharpe T, Roberts B, Wille M, Young A, Reisenauer C, Cantrell B, Bayly W. Transdermal delivery of carnosine into equine skeletal muscle. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/cep200077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The dipeptide carnosine consists of β-alanine and L-histidine. It plays a major role in skeletal muscle metabolism, especially as an intracellular buffer and antioxidant. Increasing intramuscular carnosine has been shown to improve recovery from exercise and increase anaerobic threshold and time-to-exhaustion. Dietary supplementation with carnosine does not effectively increase intramuscular carnosine due to the presence of carnosinase in the blood. However, an effective transdermal delivery process could expediently increase intramuscular concentrations of carnosine. This study’s objective was to examine the efficacy of a transdermal system for delivering carnosine into the skeletal muscle of horses, using a randomised, placebo controlled, crossover study. Carnosine plus a proprietary transdermal delivery agent or the agent alone (placebo) were applied to the middle gluteal muscles of 10 Thoroughbred racehorses, and muscle biopsies were taken before and 30, 60, and 120 min after application. Muscle carnosine concentration was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to test for the main effects of time and treatment (placebo or carnosine) as well as an interaction between time and treatment. Independent F-tests examined the change in intramuscular carnosine levels from baseline to each time point (30, 60, and 120 min). There was a significant main effect of treatment (P=0.004), no significant main effect for time (P=0.18), and a non-significant interaction of treatment with time (P=0.08). Mean intramuscular carnosine concentrations increased from baseline to 120 min. Compared to concentrations following placebo application, carnosine was greater by ~35% at 30 min (P=0.002) and ~46% after 60 min (P=0.044), but not at 120 min (P=0.20). The results indicated that intramuscular carnosine can be increased using a transdermal delivery system within 60 min of application which could have important implications for the health of horses, and their capacity to perform and recover from physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.P. Dieter
- Velocity Animal Sciences, #1915-1030 West Georgia St, Vancouver, BC V6E 2Y3, Canada
| | - C.J. Macias
- Institute for Human Kinetics, 11037 Via Livorno, San Diego, CA 92129, USA
| | - T.J. Sharpe
- University of Western States, 8000 NE Tillamook Street, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - B. Roberts
- University of Alabama Birmingham, 1720 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - M. Wille
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Pullman, WA 99164-6610, USA
| | - A. Young
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Pullman, WA 99164-6610, USA
| | - C. Reisenauer
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Pullman, WA 99164-6610, USA
| | - B. Cantrell
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Pullman, WA 99164-6610, USA
| | - W.M. Bayly
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Pullman, WA 99164-6610, USA
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Sleep deprivation induces oxidative stress in the liver and pancreas in young and aging rats. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06466. [PMID: 33748503 PMCID: PMC7966994 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging process is characterized by a gradual impairment generally caused by oxidative stress and, more specifically, sleep deprivation, which induces oxidative stress in the brain. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of three types of paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD): 96 h of PSD (96PSD group); 192 h of PSD (192PSD group); 192 h of PSD followed by a recovery period of 20 days (192PSD + Recovery group) on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the liver and pancreas of young (3-month-old) and adult (14-month-old) rats. The 96PSD and 192PSD groups of young rats showed lower glucose levels on the OGTT than the control group. In the adult rats, only the 96PSD group had lower glucose levels than the control group. However, the areas under the curve for the young and adult 192 and 192PSD + Recovery groups showed significant differences. Both LPO and SOD increased in the 192PSD and 192PSD + Recovery groups, but CAT decreased in the liver of young rats in the 192PSD group. Regarding the pancreas, LPO and SOD levels increased after 96 h of PSD. In adult animals, CAT decreased in the liver after 96 and 192 h of PSD, while LPO and SOD increased in the pancreas of the 192PSD and PSD + Recovery groups. Differences in the SOD and CAT activities in the liver and SOD activities in the pancreas were also observed between the young and adult rats and maintained across all the PSD groups. In conclusion, PSD induced differential responses that appeared to depend on the duration of the induced condition, the animals’ age, and the tissue analyzed. It was found that adult rats were more susceptible to the effects of PSD than young rats.
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Hipkiss AR. COVID-19 and Senotherapeutics: Any Role for the Naturally-occurring Dipeptide Carnosine? Aging Dis 2020; 11:737-741. [PMID: 32765939 PMCID: PMC7390525 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is suggested that the non-toxic dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) should be examined as a potential protective agent against COVID-19 infection and inflammatory consequences especially in the elderly. Carnosine is an effective anti-inflammatory agent which can also inhibit CD26 and ACE2 activity. It is also suggested that nasal administration would direct the peptide directly to the lungs and escape the attention of serum carnosinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Hipkiss
- Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing (ARCHA), Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
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Characteristics of Selected Antioxidative and Bioactive Compounds in Meat and Animal Origin Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090335. [PMID: 31443517 PMCID: PMC6769838 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Meat and meat products have a high nutritional value. Besides major components, meat is rich in bioactive components, primarily taurine, l-carnitine, choline, alpha-lipoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, glutathione, creatine, coenzyme Q10 and bioactive peptides. Many studies have reported their antioxidant and health-promoting properties connected with their lipid-lowering, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory activity and protecting the organism against oxidative stress. The antioxidant activity of meat components results, among others, from the capability of scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, forming complexes with metal ions and protecting cells against damage. This review is focused to gather accurate information about meat components with antioxidant and biological activity.
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Carnosine and advanced glycation end products: a systematic review. Amino Acids 2018; 50:1177-1186. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Antioxidant Status, Lipid Peroxidation and Protein Oxidation in Type 2 Diabetic Patients; Beneficial Effects of Supplementation with Carnosine: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.64116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Glycotoxins: Dietary and Metabolic Origins; Possible Amelioration of Neurotoxicity by Carnosine, with Special Reference to Parkinson’s Disease. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:164-172. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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