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Yu WM, Li GW, Lou MG, Wu ZY. A meta-analysis of the prognostic impact of tissue golgi protein 73 (tGP73) in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:401. [PMID: 37978447 PMCID: PMC10656938 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, an increasing number of studies have revealed that GP73 may have prognostic value in liver cancer. However, most of the studies evaluated serum GP73, and the results regarding the prognostic value of tGP73 in liver cancer are still controversial. Therefore, in this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine whether tGP73 has any prognostic value in patients with HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant publications were searched for in PubMed, EMBASE, OVID, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science databases up to March 2023. The hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of eligible studies were assessed by fixed-effects or random-effects models. In addition, subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate the possible causes of heterogeneity, and publication bias analysis was also performed to assess the reliability of the meta-analysis results. RESULTS A total of 10 studies were included. These studies included 1569 HCC patients, and a meta-analysis was performed. The results of our meta-analysis showed that higher GP73 expression levels were significantly associated with poorer OS (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.41-2.48, P < 0.0001, I2 = 58%). However, there was no significant correlation between high GP73 expression and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 0.93-2.33, P = 0.100). In addition, abnormal GP73 expression was also related to higher tumour tissue differentiation grade (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 2.01-4.57, P < 0.0001, I2 = 89%), later tumour stage (OR = 5.89, 95% CI = 2.31-14.99, P < 0.0001, I2 = 0%), vascular invasion (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.12-2.64, P = 0.010, I2 = 0%), multiple tumours (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.37-3.68, P = 0.001, I2 = 44%) and early postoperative tumour recurrence (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.10-3.28, P = 0.020, I2 = 62%). CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis showed that the overexpression of GP73 may be related to a poor prognosis of HCC, and it may also have a predictive effect on the invasion and metastasis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang District, Fuyang First Hospital Affiliated to Binjiang College of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Guo-Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang District, Fuyang First Hospital Affiliated to Binjiang College of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Geng Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang District, Fuyang First Hospital Affiliated to Binjiang College of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang District, Fuyang First Hospital Affiliated to Binjiang College of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
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Liu MY, Huang L, Wu JF, Zhang HB, Ai WB, Zhang RT. Possible roles of Golgi protein-73 in liver diseases. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27:100720. [PMID: 35577277 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Golgi protein 73 (also known as GP73 or GOLPH2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein present in the Golgi apparatus. In diseased states, GP73 is expressed by hepatocytes rather than by bile duct epithelial cells. Many studies have reported that serum GP73 (sGP73) is a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For HCC diagnosis, the sensitivities of sGP73 were higher than that of other markers but the specificities were lower. Considering that the concentration of GP73 is consistent with the stage of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, some studies have implied that GP73 may be a marker for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Increased sGP73 levels may result from hepatic inflammatory activity. During liver inflammation, GP73 facilitates liver tissue regeneration. By summarizing the studies on GP73 in liver diseases, we wish to focus on the mechanism of GP73 in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University; Medical College, China Three Gorges University; Institute of Organ Fibrosis and Targeted Drug Delivery, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University; Medical College, China Three Gorges University; Institute of Organ Fibrosis and Targeted Drug Delivery, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Jiang-Feng Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University; Medical College, China Three Gorges University; Institute of Organ Fibrosis and Targeted Drug Delivery, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Hong-Bing Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Bing Ai
- The Yiling Hospital of Yichang, 31 Donghu Road, Yi Ling District, Yichang 443100, Hubei, China.
| | - Rui-Tao Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University; Medical College, China Three Gorges University; Institute of Organ Fibrosis and Targeted Drug Delivery, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with a low survival rate. The identification of mechanisms underlying the development of HCC helps uncover cellular and molecular targets for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of HCC. Golgi protein 73 (GP73) level is upregulated in HCC patients and potentially can be a therapeutic target. Despite many studies devoted to GP73 as a marker for HCC early diagnosis, there is little discussion about the function of GP73 in HCC tumorigenesis. Given the poor response to currently available HCC therapies, a better understanding of the role of GP73 in HCC may provide a new therapeutic target for HCC. The current paper summarizes the role of GP73 as a diagnostic marker as well as its roles in liver carcinogenesis. Its roles in other types of cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA. (Y.-J.Y. Wan)
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Gatselis NK, Tornai T, Shums Z, Zachou K, Saitis A, Gabeta S, Albesa R, Norman GL, Papp M, Dalekos GN. Golgi protein-73: A biomarker for assessing cirrhosis and prognosis of liver disease patients. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:5130-5145. [PMID: 32982114 PMCID: PMC7495033 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i34.5130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reliable biomarkers of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or progression of chronic liver diseases are missing. In this context, Golgi protein-73 (GP73) also called Golgi phosphoprotein-2, was originally defined as a resident Golgi type II transmembrane protein expressed in epithelial cells. As a result, GP73 expression was found primarily in biliary epithelial cells, with only slight detection in hepatocytes. However, in patients with acute or chronic liver diseases and especially in HCC, the expression of GP73 is significantly up-regulated in hepatocytes. So far, few studies have assessed GP73 as a diagnostic or prognostic marker of liver fibrosis and disease progression.
AIM To assess serum GP73 efficacy as a diagnostic marker of cirrhosis and/or HCC or as predictor of liver disease progression.
METHODS GP73 serum levels were retrospectively determined by a novel GP73 ELISA (QUANTA Lite® GP73, Inova Diagnostics, Inc., Research Use Only) in a large cohort of 632 consecutive patients with chronic viral and non-viral liver diseases collected from two tertiary Academic centers in Larissa, Greece (n = 366) and Debrecen, Hungary (n = 266). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/Platelets (PLT) ratio index (APRI) was also calculated at the relevant time points in all patients. Two hundred and three patients had chronic hepatitis B, 183 chronic hepatitis C, 198 alcoholic liver disease, 28 autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases, 15 autoimmune hepatitis, and 5 with other liver-related disorders. The duration of follow-up was 50 (57) mo [median (interquartile range)]. The development of cirrhosis, liver decompensation and/or HCC during follow-up were assessed according to internationally accepted guidelines. In particular, the surveillance for the development of HCC was performed regularly with ultrasound imaging and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) determination every 6 mo in cirrhotic and every 12 mo in non-cirrhotic patients.
RESULTS Increased serum levels of GP73 (> 20 units) were detected at initial evaluation in 277 out of 632 patients (43.8%). GP73-seropositivity correlated at baseline with the presence of cirrhosis (96.4% vs 51.5%, P < 0.001), decompensation of cirrhosis (60.3% vs 35.5%, P < 0.001), presence of HCC (18.4% vs 7.9%, P < 0.001) and advanced HCC stage (52.9% vs 14.8%, P = 0.002). GP73 had higher diagnostic accuracy for the presence of cirrhosis compared to APRI score [Area under the curve (AUC) (95%CI): 0.909 (0.885-0.934) vs 0.849 (0.813-0.886), P = 0.003]. Combination of GP73 with APRI improved further the accuracy (AUC: 0.925) compared to GP73 (AUC: 0.909, P = 0.005) or APRI alone (AUC: 0.849, P < 0.001). GP73 levels were significantly higher in HCC patients compared to non-HCC [22.5 (29.2) vs 16 (20.3) units, P < 0.001) and positively associated with BCLC stage [stage 0: 13.9 (10.8); stage A: 17.1 (16.8); stage B: 19.6 (22.3); stage C: 32.2 (30.8); stage D: 45.3 (86.6) units, P < 0.001] and tumor dimensions [very early: 13.9 (10.8); intermediate: 19.6 (18.4); advanced: 29.1 (33.6) units, P = 0.004]. However, the discriminative ability for HCC diagnosis was relatively low [AUC (95%CI): 0.623 (0.570-0.675)]. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the detection of GP73 in patients with compensated cirrhosis at baseline, was prognostic of higher rates of decompensation (P = 0.036), HCC development (P = 0.08), and liver-related deaths (P < 0.001) during follow-up.
CONCLUSION GP73 alone appears efficient for detecting cirrhosis and superior to APRI determination. In combination with APRI, its diagnostic performance can be further improved. Most importantly, the simple GP73 measurement proved promising for predicting a worse outcome of patients with both viral and non-viral chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos K Gatselis
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Larissa 41447, Greece
| | - Tamás Tornai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Zakera Shums
- Department of Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, Inc., San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Kalliopi Zachou
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Larissa 41447, Greece
| | - Asterios Saitis
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece
| | - Stella Gabeta
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece
| | - Roger Albesa
- Department of Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, Inc., San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Gary L Norman
- Department of Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, Inc., San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Mária Papp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - George N Dalekos
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Larissa 41447, Greece
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Zhang J, Zhang M, Ma H, Song X, He L, Ye X, Li X. A meta-analysis of the prognostic significance of Golgi protein 73 in hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese patients. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:1104-1110. [PMID: 32863999 PMCID: PMC7444708 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.83821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, an increasing number of studies have revealed the possible prognostic significance of Golgi protein 73 (GP73) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the results are still controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to explore the possible correlation between GP73 and prognostic value in HCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Relevant publications were searched for in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database up to March 2018. Odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of eligible studies were assessed by either fixed-effect or random effects models. Publication bias analysis was also performed to assess the reliability of the meta-analysis results. RESULTS In total, 9 studies including 1292 patients with HCC were included and analysed systematically in the study. The results indicated that GP73 overexpression was significantly associated with later tumour stage, higher tumour grade and poor overall survival (OS). Combined analysis of three studies showed no statistical correlation between high GP73 expression and disease-free survival (DFS). Subgroup analyses were also performed to illustrate the relationship between high GP73 expression and OS. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis suggested that overexpression of GP73 may be associated with poor prognosis in HCC and may also have a predictive role for HCC invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Manka Zhang
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xincheng Song
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling He
- Department of Institute of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Ye
- Department of Institute of Infectious Disease, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Xia Y, Zhang Y, Shen M, Xu H, Li Z, He N. Golgi protein 73 and its diagnostic value in liver diseases. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12538. [PMID: 30341783 PMCID: PMC6496820 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Golgi protein 73 (GP73, also referred to as Golph 2) with 400 amino acids is a 73 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein typically found in the cis-Golg complex. It is primarily expressed in epithelial cells, which has been found upregulated in hepatocytes in patients suffering from both viral and non-viral liver diseases. GP73 has drawn increasing attention for its potential application in the diagnosis of liver diseases such as hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Herein, we reviewed the discovery history of GP73 and summarized studies by many groups around the world, aiming at understanding its structure, expression, function, detection methods and the relationship between GP73 and liver diseases in various settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Xia
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Yuanying Zhang
- Department of Molecular BiologyJiangsu Cancer HospitalNanjingChina
| | - Mengjiao Shen
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Hongpan Xu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Center of Laboratory MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Nongyue He
- State Key Laboratory of BioelectronicsSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
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Farag RMA, Al Ayobi D, Alsaleh KA, Kwon HJ, EL-Ansary A, Dawoud EA. Studying the Impact of Golgi Protein 73 Serving as a Candidate Biomarker in Early Diagnosis for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
among Saudi Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:215-220. [PMID: 30678434 PMCID: PMC6485586 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.1.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the prevalence of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Saudi Arabia, using new markers to give best diagnostic performance than alpha-feto protein (AFP) are important in early diagnosis. The aim of this work was to compare the significance between serum and mRNA Golgi glypican73 (GP-73) as newly identified diagnostic and prognostic markers for HCC among Saudi patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 300 subjects were divided into: 250 blood samples where 145 samples from HCC, 105 samples from chronic liver cirrhosis (CLC) and 50 normal controls were investigated for serum GP73 (sGP73) by ELISA. GP-73 mRNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was amplified by RT-PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of both techniques was compared. Results: Serum Golgi glypican 73 was significantly higher in HCC group compared to cirrhotic and normal controls (p<0.001). Sensitivity and specificity were 95% for sGP-73, 100% and 90% for Golgi glypican 73 mRNA. The combination of sensitivity between AFP and sGP73 was 80% and 95% respectively. Conclusion: Both serum Golgi glypican-73 and GP-73Mrna are good diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of HCC in Saudi patients. RT-PCR is more accurate and sensitive (100%) than ELISA (95%) in detecting Golgi glypican 73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Mohamed Ahmed Farag
- Health Sciences Research Center (HSCR), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Kingdom Saudi Arabia.
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Current Status and Future Prospects of Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Biol Markers 2017; 32:e361-e369. [PMID: 28967065 DOI: 10.5301/ijbm.5000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has one of the highest death rates of any cancer in the world, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Early-stage diagnosis of HCC is thus crucial for medical treatment. Detection of tumor biomarkers is one of the main methods for the early diagnosis of HCC. At present, α-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most practical serum biomarker for HCC diagnosis. However, the diagnostic accuracy of HCC with serum AFP exhibits both sensitivity and specificity far below satisfaction, especially with small sizes of HCC. As a result, the discovery of new biomarkers and/or their combination to enhance both the sensitivity and specificity for laboratory diagnosis of HCC is a crucial goal. With the development of new technology and advances in research, a number of new and specific biomarkers of HCC have been discovered. These biomarkers and their applications for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis prediction of HCC, are reviewed in this article.
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Dong M, Chen ZH, Li X, Li XY, Wen JY, Lin Q, Ma XK, Wei L, Chen J, Ruan DY, Lin ZX, Wang TT, Wu DH, Wu XY. Serum Golgi protein 73 is a prognostic rather than diagnostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6277-6284. [PMID: 29113278 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum Golgi protein 73 (sGP73) is a candidate diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, current evidence of its diagnostic value is conflicting, primarily due to the small sample sizes of previous studies, and its prognostic role in HCC also remains unclear. In the present study, sGP73 levels in 462 patients with HCC, 186 patients with liver cirrhosis, and 83 healthy controls were evaluated using ELISA, and it was identified that the median sGP73 levels were significantly higher in the HCC (18.7 ng/ml) and liver cirrhosis (18.5 ng/ml) patients than in the healthy controls (0 ng/ml; both P<0.001); however, the levels did not significantly differ between the HCC and liver cirrhosis groups (P=0.632). sGP73 had an inferior sensitivity and specificity for HCC diagnosis (27.79 and 77.96%, respectively) compared with α-fetoprotein (57.36 and 90.96%, respectively; P<0.001). In the HCC group, a high level of sGP73 was associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and independently predicted poor overall survival (OS) time (P<0.001). Additionally, in patients with resectable HCC, a high level of sGP73 was associated with significantly decreased disease-free survival (P<0.001) and OS (P=0.039) times compared with a low level of sGP73. This study demonstrated that sGP73 is unsuitable as a diagnostic marker for the early detection of HCC; however, it is an independent negative prognostic marker, providing a novel risk stratification factor and a potential therapeutic molecular target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Zhan-Hong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Oncology of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun Li
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Yun Wen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Qu Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Kun Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Yun Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Xiao Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Hao Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Yuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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Identification of CD14 as a potential biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma using iTRAQ quantitative proteomics. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62011-62028. [PMID: 28977922 PMCID: PMC5617482 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors without effective diagnostic biomarkers. This study intended to dynamically analyze serum proteomics in different pathological stages of liver diseases, and discover potential diagnostic biomarkers for early HCC. Patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, liver cirrhosis (LC), or HCC together with healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Proteins differentially expressed between groups were screened using isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), and promising HCC biomarker candidates were subjected to bioinformatics analysis, including K-means clustering, gene ontology (GO) and string network analysis. Potential biomarkers were validated by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and their diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Finally, 93 differentially expressed proteins were identified, of which 43 differed between HBV and HC, 70 between LC and HC, and 51 between HCC and HC. Expression levels of gelsolin (GELS) and sulfhydryl oxidase 1 (QSOX1) varied with disease state as follows: HC < HBV < LC < HCC. The reverse trend was observed with CD14. These iTRAQ results were confirmed by Western blotting and ELISA. Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis identified the optimal cut-off for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), CD14 and AFP/CD14 was 191.4 ng/mL (AUC 0.646, 95%CI 0.467-0.825, sensitivity 31.6%, specificity 94.4%), 3.16 ng/mL (AUC 0.760, 95%CI 0.604-0.917, sensitivity 94.7%, specificity 50%) and 0.197 ng/mL (AUC 0.889, 95%CI 0.785-0.993, sensitivity 84.2%, specificity 83.3%) respectively. In conclusion, Assaying CD14 levels may complement AFP measurement for early detection of HCC.
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11
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Fan SS, Liao CS, Cao YD, Xiao PL, Deng T, Luo RC, Duan HX. A low serum Tat-interacting protein 30 level is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4208-4214. [PMID: 28599422 PMCID: PMC5453031 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of Tat-interacting protein 30 (HTATIP2/TIP30) levels alone and in combination with α-fetoprotein (AFP) for the evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. ELISA and immunohistochemical measurements on the serum and tissue of HTATIP2/TIP30 protein from HCC patients and normal controls were made. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses of AFP and HTATIP2/TIP30 were performed, as well as logistic regression analysis of APF combined with HTATIP2/TIP30. Log-rank analysis was used to correlate the prognosis with various levels of HTATIP2/TIP30. HTATIP2/TIP30 levels were significantly lower in the HCC group compared with the control group (4.50±2.63 vs. 9.50±2.04 ng/ml, P<0.001). ROC analysis revealed an optimal cut-off point at 7.27 ng/ml HTATIP2/TIP30 for separating the HCC from the control groups. The sensitivity and specificity were 84.6 and 93.7% (P<0.001), respectively. ROC areas of HTATIP2/TIP30 (0.928, P<0.001) were significantly higher than those for AFP (P<0.001). The area under the curve of the HTATIP2/TIP30 and AFP combination was 0.950 (P<0.001). Log-rank tests revealed that the recurrence-free survival time of the group with HTATIP2/TIP30>5.71 ng/ml was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.001). This is the first study to demonstrate that HTATIP2/TIP30 levels in serum may be an effective biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Fan
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510315, P.R. China
| | - Chu-Shu Liao
- Blood Disease Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - You-De Cao
- Medical Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Ling Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Tan Deng
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Cheng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510315, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Xin Duan
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
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12
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Ismail MM, Morsi HK, Abdulateef NAB, Noaman MK, Abou El-Ella GA. Evaluation of prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence, macrophage migration inhibitory factor and Golgi protein-73 versus alpha fetoprotein for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and surveillance. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2017; 77:175-183. [PMID: 28276727 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2017.1286684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a challenging malignancy of worldwide importance. It is the third most common cause of cancer-related death globally as most patients present with unresectable disease. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the widely and solely used biomarker for HCC diagnosis; yet, its usefulness is hampered by low sensitivity and specificity. We aimed to identify more sensitive biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and a surveillance algorithm that may facilitate early detection of HCC. A total of 305 Egyptian and Saudi participants grouped as healthy controls, cancer controls, benign hepatic lesions, chronic viral hepatitis and HCC were included. Serum AFP, prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and Golgi protein-73 (GP-73) levels were quantitated by enzyme immunoassay. Significantly higher levels of GP-73 and PIVKA-II were detected in the HCC group than in all other groups, while MIF showed a highly significant increase in HCC from all groups except the cancer control group. The HCC group showed no significant difference between the studied biomarkers and the type of chronic viral hepatitis. On the basis of multiple ROC curve analyses, GP-73 and PIVKA-II showed the highest sensitivity and specificity for surveillance and diagnosis. In conclusion, PIVKA-II and GP-73 offer an effective approach for early HCC diagnosis and surveillance of high-risk groups with a higher accuracy than AFP. MIF may serve as a promising screening tumor marker for the detection of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar M Ismail
- a Laboratory Medicine Department Faculty of Applied Medical Science , Umm Al Qura University , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,b Clinical Pathology Department , National Cancer Institute, Cairo University , Egypt
| | - Heba K Morsi
- a Laboratory Medicine Department Faculty of Applied Medical Science , Umm Al Qura University , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,c Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University , Egypt
| | - Nahla A B Abdulateef
- b Clinical Pathology Department , National Cancer Institute, Cairo University , Egypt.,d Laboratory and Blood Bank Department , KAMC , Makkah , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maissa K Noaman
- e Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology , National Cancer Institute, Cairo University , Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abou El-Ella
- a Laboratory Medicine Department Faculty of Applied Medical Science , Umm Al Qura University , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,f Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Assiut University , Egypt
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13
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Jiang K, Li W, Shang S, Sun L, Guo K, Zhang S, Liu Y. Aberrant expression of Golgi protein 73 is indicative of a poor outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:2141-50. [PMID: 26820712 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Golgi protein 73 (GP73), a resident Golgi type-II membrane protein, is often upregulated in hepatocytes. In the present study, shRNA-mediated suppression of GP73 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines (MHCC97H, HCCLM3) resulted in a significant inhibition of cell motility and invasion and also led to the regression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotypes. In contrast, overexpression of GP73 in the SMMC7721 cell line retrieved the expression of EMT markers, and promoted cell motility and invasion. High expression of GP73 was also found in HCC tissues with metastasis, as detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the survival of patients with high GP73 expression was significantly poorer than that of patients with low GP73 expression (p=0.027). Our findings demonstrated an important role of GP73 in HCC metastasis, and indicated that GP73 is a candidate target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jiang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Shuxin Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lu Sun
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Kun Guo
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yinkun Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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14
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Sai W, Wang L, Zheng W, Yang J, Pan L, Cai Y, Qiu L, Zhang H, Wu W, Yao D. Abnormal Expression of Golgi Protein 73 in Clinical Values and Their Role in HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis and Prognosis. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2015; 15:e32918. [PMID: 26977166 PMCID: PMC4779190 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.32918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The up-regulation of hepatic Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the exact mechanism and clinical values of its diagnosis and prognosis still need to be clarified. OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical values of abnormal liver or circulating GP73 expression and their effect on HCC diagnosis and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of GP73 was investigated in 88 cancerous and self-control non-cancerous tissues using tissue microarrays with immunohisto- chemistry and was confirmed by Western blotting. Circulating GP73 levels were detected in the sera of 281 patients with liver diseases using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The levels of circulating GP73 expression in the HCC group were higher than those in any group of benign liver diseases or controls. No significant difference was found between GP73 expression and patients' sex or age, tumor size, or AFP level except for those with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection or distal metastasis (P < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity for HCC diagnosis were 0.881, 78.34%, and 77.59% for GP73 levels over 70 μg/L or 0.754, 71.97%, and 84.48% for alpha-fetoprotein levels over 50 μg/L, respectively. The total incidence of GP73 plus alpha-fetoprotein was up to 87.26% for HCC. A positive GP73 result with brown particles was mainly located in the cytosol, with a few in the nucleus and none in the cell membrane, with abnormal expression in HCC tissues (480.7 ± 148.7) that was significantly higher (t = 10.730, P < 0.001) than those in their non-cancerous tissues (208.0 ± 66.1). The high GP73 expression in HCC was related to lymph node metastasis (χ(2) = 6.940, P = 0.008), gross classification (χ(2) = 6.311, P = 0.012), HBV (χ(2) = 4.803, P = 0.028), tumor node metastasis staging (χ(2) = 4.887, P = 0.027), and five-year survival (χ(2) = 5.206, P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Abnormality of hepatic or circulating GP73 expression should be regarded as an emerging biomarker for HCC diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Sai
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Junling Yang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liuhong Pan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yin Cai
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liwei Qiu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Haijian Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dengfu Yao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Corresponding Author: Dengfu Yao, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 West Temple Road, Nantong 226001, China. Tel: +86-51385052297, Fax: +86-51385052254, E-mail:
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15
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Li QW, Chen HB, Li ZY, Shen P, Qu LL, Gong LL, Xu HP, Pang L, Si J. Preparation and characterization of anti-GP73 monoclonal antibodies and development of double-antibody sandwich ELISA. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:2043-9. [PMID: 25773808 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.5.2043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum Golgi protein 73 (GP73) as a novel and potential marker for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been found to be elevated in HCC patients and associated with clinical variables representing tumor growth and invasiveness. The aim of this study was to prepare a pair of monoclonal antibodys (mAbs) against GP73 and develop a newly designed double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (s-ELISA), which would be used in the detection of serum GP73 (sGP73) as well as in the diagnosis of HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Produced by prokaryotic expression, the purified recombinant GP73 (rGP73), produced by prokaryotic expression, was used to immunize the Balb/c mice. Two hybridoma cell lines against GP73 were obtained by fusing mouse Sp2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from the immunized mice. The titers of anti-GP73 mAb reached 1:243,000. Western blotting analysis and Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that anti-GP73 mAb could recognize GP73 protein. The double-antibody s-ELISA was successfully established and validated by 119 HCC and 103 normal serum samples. RESULTS showed that the detection limit of this method could reach 1.56 ng/ml, and sGP73 levels in HCC group (mean=190.6 ng/ml) were much higher than those of in healthy controls (mean=70.92 ng/ml). CONCLUSIONS Results of our study not only showed that sGP73 levels of HCC patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls, but also indicated that the laboratory homemade anti-GP73 mAbs could be the optimal tool used in evaluating sGP73 levels, which would provide a solid foundation for subsequent clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Wen Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China E-mail :
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16
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Liu Q, Tu K, Zhang H, Zheng X, Yao Y, Liu Q. TPX2 as a novel prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2015; 45:906-18. [PMID: 25263743 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2) is a microtubule-associated protein that impacts spindle assembly in human cells. Several studies have shown that the overexpression of TPX2 is correlated with multiple tumor types. However, the role of TPX2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains undetermined. METHODS TPX2 expression was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting in six cell lines and 130 pairs of HCC and adjacent non-cancerous liver tissues. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP9 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry to evaluate their correlations with TXP2. TPX2 siRNA was used to knock down TPX2 expression, and cell migration and invasion were determined. Moreover, clinical significance of TPX2 in HCC was analyzed. RESULTS TPX2 expression was found to be obviously higher in HCC tissues than that in non-tumor tissues. Elevated TPX2 expression was observed in HCC cell lines as compared with that in a non-transformed hepatic cell line. Clinical analysis indicated that TPX2 expression in the HCC tissues was evidently correlated with the tumor-node-metastasis stage, tumor number and tumor differentiation. TPX2 is a novel prognostic marker for predicting 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival of HCC patients. TPX2 expression was positively correlated with MMP2 and MMP9. In vitro studies found that TPX2 knockdown prominently reduced cell invasion and migration and decreased phosphorylated AKT, MMP2 and MMP9 expression in MHCC-97H cells. CONCLUSION Overexpression of TPX2 was associated with clinicopathological characteristics and poor patient outcomes. TPX2 may serve as a novel prognostic marker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingquan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingmin Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Mao R, Yang Y, Cao Q, Zhang RL, Zhang H, Xiao L, Bao YX. Significance of expression of Golgi glycoprotein 73 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:4996-5000. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i32.4996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression of Golgi glycoprotein 73 (GP73) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and to analyze its relationship with the clinicopathological features of HCC.
METHODS: Seventy-five hepatocellular carcinoma specimens and matched tumor-adjacent specimens were collected. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of GP73 in the above specimens. The correlation of GP73 expression with the clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed.
RESULTS: The positive rate of GP73 expression in HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (χ2 = 73.60, P < 0.001). The expression of GP73 was associated with Edmondson pathological grade, TNM stage and vascular invasion (P < 0.001), but not with the patient's gender, age, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), cirrhosis, α-fetoprotein (AFP), portal vein thrombosis or tumor number (P > 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that HCC patients with high GP73 expression had lower median survival time than those with low GP73 expression (χ2 = 28.72, P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that AFP level > 20 ng/mL, TNM stage, and GP73 expression were poor prognostic factors for patients with HCC (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis found that GP73 expression was an independent prognostic factor for HCC (P = 0.07).
CONCLUSION: The expressions of GP73 is high in HCC tissues, which might be associated with tumor malignant behavior and prognosis of HCC patients.
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Bröker MEE, Ijzermans JNM, Witjes CDM, van Vuuren HJ, de Man RA. The predictive value of Golgi protein 73 in differentiating benign from malignant liver tumors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100187. [PMID: 25033446 PMCID: PMC4102481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the work up of primary solid liver lesions it is essential to differentiate correctly between benign and malignant tumors, such as hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) respectively. A promising new marker to detect HCC is Golgi Protein 73 (GP73). Studies comparing patients with HCC and cirrhosis with normal controls suggested that GP73 is specific for patients with HCC; however, patients with other liver tumors were not included. We therefore studied the predictive value of GP73 in differentiating between solid benign and malignant liver tumors. Materials and Methods This study included 264 patients: 88 patients with HCC, 88 with hepatocellular adenoma (HCA), and 88 with focal nodal hyperplasia (FNH). A blood sample was collected from each patient to measure GP73 levels using a quantitative ELISA assay and differences in outcome between subgroups were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, sensitivity and specificity of GP73 were calculated and compared to alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Results When comparing malignant and benign liver tumors the area under ROC was 0.701 and 0.912 for GP73 and AFP respectively. Test characteristics revealed a sensitivity of 60% for GP73 and 65% for AFP; in addition the specificity was 77% for GP73 and 96% for AFP. Conclusion Although the literature suggests that GP73 is a valuable serum marker in patients with HCC, the serum concentration may also be increased in patients with solid benign liver tumors. Therefore, a GP73 assay is less suitable for discriminating between primary malignant and benign tumors of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirelle E. E. Bröker
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Hanneke J. van Vuuren
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A. de Man
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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