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Duan J, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang Y, Li Q, Liu J, Fu C, Cao C, Cong Z, Su M. Silencing LY6D Expression Inhibits Colon Cancer in Xenograft Mice and Regulates Colon Cancer Stem Cells' Proliferation, Stemness, Invasion, and Apoptosis via the MAPK Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:7776. [PMID: 38067506 PMCID: PMC10708431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the role of lymphocyte antigen 6 family member D (LY6D) in colon cancer stem cells' (CCSCs) proliferation and invasion. LY6D was knocked down using siRNA, and the down-regulation of LY6D was verified using Western blotting. After LY6D knockdown, CCSCs' proliferation, stemness, and invasion were suppressed, whereas apoptosis was increased. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between siLY6D and the negative control groups were significantly enriched in the cell-substrate adherens junction, focal adhesion, and cell-substrate junction terms. Meanwhile, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in the MAPK pathway. In addition, Western blotting results showed that pBRAF and pERK1/2, cascade kinases of the MAPK pathway, were significantly down-regulated after LY6D knockdown. In addition, nude mice xenograft experiments showed that the siLY6D treatment decreased tumor sizes and weights and improved tumor-bearing mice survival rates compared with the control group. In conclusion, these findings indicate that LY6D, which is highly expressed in CCSCs, is a key factor involved in tumor growth and development and might be a potential cancer marker and therapeutic target for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Duan
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Yujue Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Qisen Li
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Jinrui Liu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Changhao Fu
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Medical School, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA;
| | - Chenyu Cao
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Zhongyi Cong
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Manman Su
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (C.C.)
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Hellquist H, Agaimy A, Stenman G, Franchi A, Nadal A, Skalova A, Leivo I, Zidar N, Simpson RHW, Slootweg PJ, Hernandez-Prera JC, Ferlito A. Development of head and neck pathology in Europe. Virchows Arch 2022; 480:951-965. [PMID: 35028711 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03275-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This review gives a brief history of the development of head and neck pathology in Europe from a humble beginning in the 1930s to the explosive activities the last 15 years. During the decades before the introduction of immunohistochemistry in the 1980s, head and neck pathology grew as a subspeciality in many European countries. In the late 1940s, the Institute of Laryngology and Otology with its own pathology laboratory was founded in London, and in 1964 the World Health Organization (WHO) International Reference Centre for the Histological Classification of Salivary Tumours was established at the Bland-Sutton Institute of Pathology, also in London. International collaboration, and very much so in Europe, led to the publication of the first WHO Classification of Salivary Gland Tumours in 1972. In the 1960s, a salivary gland register was organised in Hamburg and in Cologne the microlaryngoscopy was invented enabling microscopic endoscopic examination and rather shortly afterwards a carbon dioxide laser attached to the microscope became established and laryngeal lesions could be treated by laser vaporisation. During the last three decades, the use of immunohistochemistry supplemented with cytogenetic and refined molecular techniques has greatly facilitated the pathological diagnostics of head and neck lesions and has had a huge impact on research. Collaboration between different European centres has drastically increased partly due to establishment of scientific societies such as the Head and Neck Working Group (HNWG) within the European Society of Pathology and the International Head and Neck Scientific Group (IHNSG). A very large number of European pathologists have contributed to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th WHO books, and are involved in the upcoming 5th edition. Accredited educational meetings and courses are nowadays regularly arranged in Europe. Numerous textbooks on head and neck pathology have been written and edited by European pathologists. The increased collaboration has created larger series of tumours for research and new entities, mainly defined by their genetic abnormalities, are continuously emerging from Europe, particularly regarding salivary gland neoplasms and "undifferentiated" sinonasal tumours. These findings have led to a better and more precise classification and open the possibilities for new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Hellquist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, Epigenetics and Human Disease Group, Algarve Biomedical Centre (ABC), Algarve University, Campus de Gambelas, Ala Norte, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Göran Stenman
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Franchi
- Section of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alfons Nadal
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Basic Clinical Practice, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alena Skalova
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University, Plzen, Czech Republic.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Bioptical Laboratory Ltd, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Ilmo Leivo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Central Hospital, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Nina Zidar
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Pieter J Slootweg
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy
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Zeng L, Deng X, Zhong J, Yuan L, Tao X, Zhang S, Zeng Y, He G, Tan P, Tao Y. Prognostic value of biomarkers EpCAM and αB-crystallin associated with lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer by iTRAQ analysis. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:831. [PMID: 31443698 PMCID: PMC6708189 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis is responsible for the majority of deaths in a variety of cancer types, including breast cancer. Although several factors or biomarkers have been identified to predict the outcome of patients with breast cancer, few studies have been conducted to identify metastasis-associated biomarkers. Methods Quantitative iTRAQ proteomics analysis was used to detect differentially expressed proteins between lymph node metastases and their paired primary tumor tissues from 23 patients with metastatic breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry was performed to validate the expression of two upregulated (EpCAM, FADD) and two downregulated (NDRG1, αB-crystallin) proteins in 190 paraffin-embedded tissue samples. These four proteins were further analyzed for their correlation with clinicopathological features in 190 breast cancer patients. Results We identified 637 differentially regulated proteins (397 upregulated and 240 downregulated) in lymph node metastases compared with their paired primary tumor tissues. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013931. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis using GEO profiling confirmed the difference in the expression of EpCAM between metastases and primary tumors tissues. Two upregulated (EpCAM, FADD) and two downregulated (NDRG1, αB-crystallin) proteins were associated with the progression of breast cancer. Obviously, EpCAM plays a role in the metastasis of breast cancer cells to the lymph node. We further identified αB-crystallin as an independent biomarker to predict lymph node metastasis and the outcome of breast cancer patients. Conclusion We have identified that EpCAM plays a role in the metastasis of breast cancer cells to the lymph node. αB-crystallin, a stress-related protein that has recently been shown to be important for cell invasion and survival, was identified as a potential prognostic biomarker to predict the outcome of breast cancer patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-6016-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiyun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jingmin Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, WuHan, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojun Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guangchun He
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pingping Tan
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Phattarataratip E, Masorn M, Jarupoonphol W, Supatthanayut S, Saeoweiang P. Differential expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule in salivary gland neoplasms. Ann Diagn Pathol 2016; 24:62-7. [PMID: 27649957 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is the epithelial-specific molecule expressed on various epithelial cell types. The function of EpCAM involves cellular adhesion, proliferation, and signaling in both normal tissues and cancers. The purposes of this study were to investigate the EpCAM expression in salivary gland neoplasms and examine its relationship with pathologic characteristics. Forty-two cases of salivary gland neoplasms, including 20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MECs), 11 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACCs), 9 pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), and 2 polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas (PLGAs) were enrolled. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule expression was analyzed immunohistochemically using MOC-31 and BerEP4 antibodies. Results showed that the majority of MECs and all PLGAs showed EpCAM expression in more than 50% of neoplastic cells, whereas most PAs and ACCs did not express this protein. In MECs, most EpCAM-positive neoplastic cells were clear cells, glandular epithelial cells, and intermediate cells, whereas squamous cells and mucous cells were largely negative. The expression was limited to ductal epithelium in EpCAM-positive PAs and ACCs. The decreased EpCAM expression in MECs was significantly associated with microscopically diminished cystic components, the presence of small nest invasion at invasive front, cellular anaplasia, vascular invasion, and high pathologic grade. These data suggested that EpCAM showed different expression pattern among salivary gland neoplasms and in different grades of MECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekarat Phattarataratip
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Marisa Masorn
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Somasundaram RT, Kaur J, Leong I, MacMillan C, Witterick IJ, Walfish PG, Ralhan R. Subcellular differential expression of Ep-ICD in oral dysplasia and cancer is associated with disease progression and prognosis. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:486. [PMID: 27421772 PMCID: PMC4947324 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of patients with oral dysplasia at high risk of cancer development and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) at increased risk of disease recurrence will enable rigorous personalized treatment. Regulated intramembranous proteolysis of Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) resulting in release of its intracellular domain Ep-ICD into cytoplasm and nucleus triggers oncogenic signaling. We analyzed the expression of Ep-ICD in oral dysplasia and cancer and determined its clinical significance in disease progression and prognosis. Methods In a retrospective study, immunohistochemical analysis of nuclear and cytoplasmic Ep-ICD and EpEx (extracellular domain of EpCAM), was carried out in 115 OSCC, 97 oral dysplasia and 105 normal oral tissues, correlated with clinicopathological parameters and disease outcome over 60 months for oral dysplasia and OSCC patients. Disease-free survival (DFS) was determined by Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results In comparison with normal oral tissues, significant increase in nuclear Ep-ICD and membrane EpEx was observed in dysplasia, and OSCC (p = 0.013 and < 0.001 respectively). Oral dysplasia patients with increased overall Ep-ICD developed cancer in short time period (mean = 47 months; p = 0.044). OSCC patients with increased nuclear Ep-ICD and membrane EpEx had significantly reduced mean DFS of 33.7 months (p = 0.018). Conclusions Our study provided clinical evidence for Ep-ICD as a predictor of cancer development in patients with oral dysplasia and recurrence in OSCC patients, suggesting its potential utility in enhanced management of those patients detected to have increased risk of progression to cancer and recurrence in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Thani Somasundaram
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Laboratory, Laboratory Medicine in Molecular Onocolgy, Mount Sinia Hospital, Room 6-318, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Jatinder Kaur
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Laboratory, Laboratory Medicine in Molecular Onocolgy, Mount Sinia Hospital, Room 6-318, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Iona Leong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, 6-500, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Christina MacMillan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ian J Witterick
- Joseph and Mildred Sonshine Family Centre for Head and Neck Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Alex and Simona Shnaider Laboratory in Molecular Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph & Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, 6-500, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Paul G Walfish
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Laboratory, Laboratory Medicine in Molecular Onocolgy, Mount Sinia Hospital, Room 6-318, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Joseph and Mildred Sonshine Family Centre for Head and Neck Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, Endocrine Division, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Joseph & Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, Room 413-7, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
| | - Ranju Ralhan
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Laboratory, Laboratory Medicine in Molecular Onocolgy, Mount Sinia Hospital, Room 6-318, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Joseph and Mildred Sonshine Family Centre for Head and Neck Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Alex and Simona Shnaider Laboratory in Molecular Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph & Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, 6-500, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada.
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Sen S, Carnelio S. Expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathology 2015; 68:897-904. [DOI: 10.1111/his.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhalakshmi Sen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; Manipal College of Dental Sciences; Manipal University; Manipal Karnataka India
| | - Sunitha Carnelio
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; Manipal College of Dental Sciences; Manipal University; Manipal Karnataka India
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Ali Bayram, Yüce İ, Çağlı S, Canöz Ö, Güney E. Predictive value of E-cadherin and Ep-CAM in cervical lymph node metastasis of supraglottic larynx carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol 2015; 36:736-40. [PMID: 26545462 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the value of E-cadherin and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) expression in laryngeal biopsy materials for predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma. METHODS All patients participating in the study were selected from among the surgically treated patients at the department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erciyes University School of Medicine between 1991 and 2005. The study consisted of thirty patients who had pathologically metastatic lymph nodes (pN+ group) and 30 age-, sex-, T value- and differentiation matched patients without pathologically metastatic lymph nodes (pN0 group). Immunohistochemical studies were performed with E-cadherin and Ep-CAM antibodies on representative tumor sections collected from paraffin sections of laryngeal biopsy materials. The expression of E-cadherin and Ep-CAM was compared between the pN0 and pN+ groups. The association between immunostaining of E-cadherin and Ep-CAM was also evaluated. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of E-cadherin and Ep-CAM expression. There was also a very poor agreement between the expression of E-cadherin and Ep-CAM. CONCLUSION Multi-institutional and multidisciplinary immunohistochemical studies conducted with standardized methodology and also with more patient participation may help to obtain more specific results.
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Murakami N, Mori T, Yoshimoto S, Ito Y, Kobayashi K, Ken H, Kitaguchi M, Sekii S, Takahashi K, Yoshio K, Inaba K, Morota M, Sumi M, Itami J. Expression of EpCAM and prognosis in early-stage glottic cancer treated by radiotherapy. Laryngoscope 2014; 124:E431-6. [PMID: 25043563 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often requires radiotherapy, but relapse can occur. There is, therefore, an urgent need for the identification of a predictive novel biomarker for radiosensitivity. The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) has been shown to promote the transformation of malignant tumors, and EpCAM may have prognostic significance, but it is not known if EpCAM determines prognosis, especially with respect to radiotherapy. Therefore, we determined the incidence of the expression of EpCAM in HNSCC and analyzed the prognostic value in patients with early-stage glottic cancer treated with radiotherapy. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis. METHODS All patients with HNSCCs examined in our hospital between January 2012 and February 2013 were analyzed prospectively for the expression of EpCAM. T1-2N0 glottic cancer patients who were primarily treated by radiation therapy between 1995 and 2008 were retrospectively investigated. Patients with or without local recurrence after radical radiation therapy were extracted. The relationship between local recurrence and histopathologic EpCAM expression was compared within these two groups. RESULTS One hundred eighteen patients with HNSCCs from the nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, oral cavity, paranasal cavity, unknown primary, and other sites were analyzed. Positive expression of EpCAM was noted in the oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx (72%, 90%, and 58%, respectively). Seventeen and 22 patients with or without local recurrence were extracted, respectively. There was no difference between two groups, with the exception of EpCAM expression. CONCLUSIONS The expression of EpCAM in HNSCC was investigated. Patients with strong EpCAM expression were associated with local recurrence after primary radiation therapy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Murakami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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