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Qureshi A, Al Khabori M, Al Haddabi IH, Qureshi H, Jawa Z. Langerhans Cell Hyperplasia Mimicking Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Vaccination. Int J Surg Pathol 2024; 32:1024-1028. [PMID: 37946499 DOI: 10.1177/10668969231206571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder characterized by the abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells, a type of immune cell that is normally present in the skin and various other tissues. LCH can affect people of any age but is most commonly diagnosed in children. We report a case of a patient with LCH who developed ipsilateral axillary lymphadenopathology post-COVID-19 vaccination. Lymph node biopsy showed diffuse Langerhans cell hyperplasia which mimicked LCH. Clinically and radiologically, it looked to be a reactive lymph node. The patient was kept on follow up only and after 1 year of follow up the size of lymph nodes regressed confirming to be reactive in nature rather than neoplastic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of Langerhans cell hyperplasia post-COVID-19 vaccination being reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Qureshi
- Department of Pathology, Sultan Qaboos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Muscat, Oman
| | - Murtadha Al Khabori
- Department of Haematology, Sultan Qaboos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Hannia Qureshi
- Department of Medicine Combined Military Hospital, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zabah Jawa
- Department of Radiology and Molecular Imaging Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Tsuyama N, Noguchi M, Asaka R, Sakata S, Baba S, Izumi H, Takeuchi K. Hodgkinoid histiocytosis: an atypical nodal CD30 and S100-positive histiocytosis with eosinophilia. Histopathology 2022; 81:371-379. [PMID: 35789115 DOI: 10.1111/his.14718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Histocytes and dendritic cells may display cytological atypia and aberrant immunophenotype even in reactive processes. Herein, we describe two cases of "Hodgkinoid histiocytosis" that show distinctive clinicopathological features, mimicking the morphologically classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) but suggesting reactive histiocytic/dendritic cell proliferation in lymph nodes. Both the patients presented with peripheral lymphadenopathy and blood eosinophilia with skin manifestations. Lymph node biopsy revealed scattered large histiocytes resembling Hodgkin cells with a round or stellate shape, abundant cytoplasm, and distinct nucleoli admixed in a predominant inflammatory background. The Hodgkinoid histiocytes occasionally showed emperipolesis. They expressed CD30, S100, and PD-L1 proteins but lacked PAX5 and CD1a expressions, Epstein-Barr association, BRAF V600E mutation, and PD-L1 gene amplification. Neither of the patients showed overt progression to malignant hematopoietic neoplasms during the disease course. An identical case series of four patients has been reported to date. Both these series highlight the potential of being interpreted as CHL due to the presence of Hodgkinoid histiocytes with CD30 positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Tsuyama
- Division of Pathology, the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Noguchi
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Reimi Asaka
- Division of Pathology, the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Pathology project for molecular targets, the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Sakata
- Division of Pathology, the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Pathology project for molecular targets, the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Baba
- Division of Pathology, the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Pathology project for molecular targets, the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Izumi
- Department of Pathology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kengo Takeuchi
- Division of Pathology, the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Pathology project for molecular targets, the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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