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Palmeiro AG, Pimentel B, Castro CG, Claro C, Viana I. Hypopigmented white patches in a newborn. Clin Exp Dermatol 2024; 49:537-539. [PMID: 38123493 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A newborn developed multiple hyperkeratotic erythematous papules, some with central erosions, mainly located on her scalp and trunk. Histopathology revealed a dense infiltrate of monotonous mononuclear cells with pale pink cytoplasm and reniform nuclei, positive for CD1a, S100 protein and langerin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cristina Claro
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Viana
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal
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2
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Shin H, Naros A, Kieninger S, Polligkeit J, Fend F, Milla J. [Rare differential diagnosis of an osteolytic lesion of the mandible in a young adult]. PATHOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024:10.1007/s00292-024-01321-w. [PMID: 38602523 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-024-01321-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
We report a rarely occurring hematologic neoplasm in a young adult. Hematologic neoplasms were first described in 2008 and are now included in both accepted tumor classification systems, i.e., International Consensus Classification and World Health Organization. This hematologic neoplasm shows a characteristic ALK positivity in immunohistochemical examination and correspondingly, ALK fusion genes in the molecular analysis. Pathologists should be aware of this entity, particularly as it is challenging to differentiate from other more frequent neoplasms of the same disease group or mesenchymal neoplasm with ALK aberration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkyu Shin
- Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Andreas Naros
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund‑, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Sinja Kieninger
- Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Joachim Polligkeit
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund‑, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Falko Fend
- Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Jakob Milla
- Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland.
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3
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Jiang Y, Zhang T, Lu J, Zhou Y. Penile skin lesions and urinary tract obstruction: A rare presentation of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Urol Case Rep 2024; 53:102699. [PMID: 38495853 PMCID: PMC10940904 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2024.102699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) can manifest in any organ or system, but the occurrence of cutaneous lesions on the penis, causing urethral stenosis, is particularly uncommon. The diagnosis primarily relies on typical clinical manifestations and pathological examination. Treatment involves the excision of local lesions combined with chemotherapy, with a generally favorable prognosis. A 3-year-old male patient experienced voiding difficulties after circumcision, revealing penile skin lesions upon examination. Postoperative pathological analysis and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of LCH. Langerhans cell histiocytosis can present as cutaneous lesions on the penis, leading to symptoms of urinary tract obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxue Jiang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, PR China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, PR China
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4
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Zhu J, Sun J. A Case of Uncommon S100-Negative CD1a-Positive Histiocytosis in a 9-Year-Old Boy: Clinical Presentation, Histopathologic Features, and Successful Treatment Approach. Am J Dermatopathol 2024; 46:121-125. [PMID: 38055958 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Immunohistochemically, histiocytosis differentiating into Langerhans cells is typically characterized by the expression of CD1a, S100, and varying degrees of Langerin. However, CD1a-positive but S100-negative histiocytosis is extremely rare in clinical practice. We present a case of a 9-year-old boy with multiple erythematous to brown dome-shaped nodules. Histopathologic examination revealed dermal infiltrates of histiocytic cells, exhibiting a distinctive immunohistochemical profile of CD68+, S100-, CD1a+, and Langerin-. This exceptional case may contribute to our understanding of the etiology and differentiation processes of histiocytic proliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Zhu
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Auerbach A, Aguilera NS. The changing landscape of pediatric histiocytoses: Birth, life, and transdifferentiation of pediatric histiocytes. Semin Diagn Pathol 2023; 40:420-428. [PMID: 37258365 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Histiocytic neoplasms in the children are very rare, and histiocytoses can occur in the perinatal period. The presumed origins and presentation of specific histiocytoses in the pediatric age group are described. Common and newly described histiocytoses are presented including Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Rosai-Dorfman disease, histiocytic sarcoma, ALK positive histiocytosis, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Molecular findings common to pediatric histiocytoses are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Auerbach
- Joint Pathology Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
| | - Nadine S Aguilera
- University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America.
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6
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Osorio S, Harpain L, Jahn‐Bassler K, Tanew A, Radakovic S. Benign cephalic histiocytosis in a 2-year-old boy with an inconspicuous clinical presentation at onset. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e8043. [PMID: 37830061 PMCID: PMC10565099 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on a 2-year-old boy whose initially inconspicuous skin lesions later on evolved into a typical clinical presentation of benign cephalic histiocytosis (BCH). The diagnosis of BCH can often be made on clinical grounds without the need for an extensive diagnostic work-up. Given the benign and self-limited course of the disease treatment is not required and the clinical management can be limited to a watchful waiting approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Osorio
- Department of DermatologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Lucie Harpain
- Department of DermatologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | | | - Sonja Radakovic
- Department of DermatologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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7
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Jeon Y, Shin SJ, Jin JC, Kang JW. Nodular mass in the nasal columella of a 15-year-old girl. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2023; 140:139-140. [PMID: 36639326 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Jeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211, Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - S-J Shin
- Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J C Jin
- Department of Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211, Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Fernandez-Flores A, Cassarino DS. Type 2 Dermal Dendrocytes Are Telocytes and So Should They Be Called. Am J Dermatopathol 2023; 45:351-353. [PMID: 36939132 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Fernandez-Flores
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Hospital El Bierzo, Ponferrada, Spain
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Hospital de la Reina, Ponferrada, Spain
- Department of Research, Institute for Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - David S Cassarino
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Los Angeles Medical Center (LAMC), Southern California Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, CA
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Ungureanu IA, Cohen-Aubart F, Héritier S, Fraitag S, Charlotte F, Lequain H, Hélias-Rodzewicz Z, Haroche J, Donadieu J, Emile JF. OCT2 expression in histiocytoses. Virchows Arch 2023:10.1007/s00428-023-03508-7. [PMID: 36754897 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of histiocytosis can be difficult and one of the biggest challenges is to distinguish between reactive and neoplastic histiocytes on histology alone. Recently, OCT2 nuclear expression was reported in Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD). Our purpose was to expand the testing of OCT2 on a broader variety of sporadic or H syndrome-related histiocytoses. Cases of histiocytoses were retrieved from the files of Ambroise Paré Pathology Department. All slides and molecular analyses were reviewed, and staining was completed with immunohistochemistry for OCT2. A total of 156 samples from different localizations were tested. Among sporadic cases, 52 patients had RDD, and 10 patients had mixed histiocytosis combining RDD with Erdheim Chester disease (ECD, n = 8), Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH, n = 2) or juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG, n = 1). All these patients were positive for OCT2 in RDD characteristic histiocytes. Twenty-three patients had ECD and all but two (91% - 21/23) were negative for OCT2. By contrast, OCT2 was positive in 11/27 (41%) LCH and 6/16 (38%) JXG. Among the 10 samples of H syndrome-associated histiocytosis, 3 had typical RDD histology, 6 had unclassified histiocytosis, and one had mixed RDD-LCH; all were positive for OCT2. On 16 samples of granulomatous lymphadenitis, OCT2 was negative in epithelioid histiocytes. Our study shows that OCT2 has a sensitivity of 100% for RDD cases and mixed histiocytoses with an RDD component. It is negative in 92% of ECD but expressed in at least 38% of LCH, JXG, and C group histiocytoses. Finally, OCT2 is positive in all H syndrome-related histiocytoses, independent of their histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Antonia Ungureanu
- Pathology Department, Paris-Saclay University, Versailles SQY University (UVSQ), EA4340-BECCOH, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Ambroise-Paré Hospital, 9 Avenue Charles de Gaulle, 92104, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Fleur Cohen-Aubart
- Internal Medicine Department 2, Sorbonne University, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, French National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Diseases and Histiocytoses, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Héritier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Sorbonne University, APHP, Armand-Trousseau Hospital, Referral Center for Histiocytoses, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Fraitag
- Pathology Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Charlotte
- Pathology Department, Pierre Et Marie Curie University, APHP, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Hippolyte Lequain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Claude Bernard-Lyon1 University, Hôpital de La Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Zofia Hélias-Rodzewicz
- Pathology Department, Paris-Saclay University, Versailles SQY University (UVSQ), EA4340-BECCOH, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Ambroise-Paré Hospital, 9 Avenue Charles de Gaulle, 92104, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Julien Haroche
- Internal Medicine Department 2, Sorbonne University, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, French National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Diseases and Histiocytoses, Paris, France
| | - Jean Donadieu
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Armand-Trousseau Hospital, APHP, EA4340-BECCOH, Referral Center for Histiocytoses UVSQ, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Emile
- Pathology Department, Paris-Saclay University, Versailles SQY University (UVSQ), EA4340-BECCOH, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Ambroise-Paré Hospital, 9 Avenue Charles de Gaulle, 92104, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
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10
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Nii K, Kuboi T, Yokota T, Kawaguchi N, Kusaka T. Multi-phase appearance of congenital cutaneous Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Pediatr Int 2023; 65:e15475. [PMID: 36645731 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohichiroh Nii
- Department of Neonatology, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Zentsuj, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shodoshima Central Hospital, Shodoshima, Japan
| | - Toru Kuboi
- Department of Neonatology, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Zentsuj, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yokota
- Department of Neonatology, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Zentsuj, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Nana Kawaguchi
- Department of Neonatology, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Zentsuj, Japan
| | - Takashi Kusaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
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Bertino L, Pluchino F, Papaianni V, Borgia F, Lentini M, Vaccaro M. Benign cephalic histiocytosis with extra-facial manifestations. J Paediatr Child Health 2022; 58:2293-2296. [PMID: 35950714 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Bertino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Pluchino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria Papaianni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Borgia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Lentini
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood Gaetano Barresi, Unit of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mario Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Peng S, Magdesian KG, Dowd J, Blea J, Carpenter R, Ho W, Finno CJ. Investigation of high gamma‐glutamyltransferase syndrome in California Thoroughbred racehorses. Vet Med (Auckl) 2022; 36:2203-2212. [DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sichong Peng
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction University of California Davis California USA
| | - K. Gary Magdesian
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis California USA
| | - Joseph Dowd
- Equine Medical and Surgical Group Arcadia California USA
| | - Jeffrey Blea
- Von Bleucher, Blea, Hunkin, DVM, Inc Sierra Madre California USA
| | | | - Wayne Ho
- Southern California Equine Foundation Arcadia California USA
| | - Carrie J. Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction University of California Davis California USA
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13
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Pearls and updates: cutaneous signs of systemic malignancy. Curr Opin Pediatr 2022; 34:367-373. [PMID: 35794009 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Children with systemic malignancies can present with concomitant dermatological manifestations. Cutaneous findings can occur before, during or after diagnosis. Recognizing these features can aid in diagnosis, inform prognosis, and help determine appropriate treatment. Following a review of the literature published over the past two years, we provide an update on cutaneous signs of pediatric systemic malignancies, concentrating on; leukemia cutis, lymphoma cutis, neuroblastoma, sarcomas, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and paraneoplastic syndromes. RECENT FINDINGS Authors highlight the persistently heterogeneous features of cutaneous manifestations of systemic malignancy. Findings are often nonspecific, and a definitive diagnosis requires skin biopsy with immunophenotyping. Several studies describe dermoscopy features, demonstrating this as a useful tool in clinical evaluation. Genetic mutations underlying the pathogenesis of disease continue to be elucidated. Further, advances in medical treatment led to improved prognosis in many systemic malignancies, with early and aggressive treatment heralding better outcomes. SUMMARY Comprehensive cutaneous evaluation alongside thorough clinical history and review of systems remains of paramount importance as dermatological manifestations of systemic malignancy are notoriously variable with a shared feature of often appearing benign but persisting despite usual treatment. Urgent referral to dermatology is recommended when suspicion for any cutaneous presentation of malignancy arises.
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