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Balef SSH, Hosseini SS, Asgari N, Sohrabi A, Mortazavi N. The inhibitory effects of carvacrol, nystatin, and their combination on oral candidiasis isolates. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:104. [PMID: 38605312 PMCID: PMC11010274 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06767-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candida, a common oral microbiota, can cause opportunistic fungal infections. With rising Candida infections and limited effective antifungals, new treatments are needed. This study investigates carvacrol essential oil's effect on oral candidiasis, alone and with nystatin, compared to nystatin alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, oral samples were collected from dental clinic patients, especially denture users. The presence of Candida was confirmed and cultured from these samples. Candidiasis was detected by observing Candida colonies. Drug sensitivity was tested on 100 positive samples. The minimum concentration of inhibition and lethality of each isolate was evaluated using nystatin and carvacrol. The results were compared using two-way analysis of variance. Finally, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nystatin and carvacrol was calculated individually and in combination. RESULTS The present study found that Candida albicans and non-albicans species were equally prevalent. Carvacrol showed significant biological activity against all Candida species, with an average MTT of 50.01%. The average MIC value of carvacrol was 24.96 µg/ml, indicating its potential to inhibit Candida growth. The mean Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) value of carvacrol was 23.48 µg/ml, suggesting its effectiveness in killing the fungi. CONCLUSION The study's findings reveal that the MIC of carvacrol was significantly lower than that of nystatin and the combination of nystatin and carvacrol. This suggests that carvacrol holds potential as an effective herbal remedy for candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Sedigheh Hosseini
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Mycology and Parasitology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Negar Asgari
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Sohrabi
- Radinmehr Veterinary Laboratory, Radin Makian Azma Mehr Ltd, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mortazavi
- Dental Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, PO Box 4916953363, Iran.
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Al Hamazani AD, AlNukhaysh S, AlGethami SMM, AlMathkuri WM, Asiri MM, AlShamrani YSA, Hussain BS. Prescription of Antibiotics and Its Overuse among Pediatric Dental Patients: A Systematic Review. PHARMACOPHORE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/luj764zc9z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Sharaf F, El-Samongy M, Bouqellah N, Al-Madani A, Abu-Alruhaylah M, Ashour Y, Dar-Odeh N, Abu Hammad O. Ethnicity is a major determinant of the pattern of dermatological diseases among pilgrims during the Hajj in 2019. Dermatol Reports 2021; 13:8934. [PMID: 33824707 PMCID: PMC8018253 DOI: 10.4081/dr.2021.8934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors aim to explore the pattern and demographics of dermatological disorders occurring during Hajj 2019. Clinical records from three major public healthcare facilities in Al-Madinah Al-Munawara were retrieved for the period July-August, 2019. Collected data included age, gender, nationality, and dermatological complaints. 550 records were retrieved. Patients were 282 (51.3%) males and 268 (48.7%) females with a mean age of 58.3±12.6 years. Most patients were Asians (n=320, 58.2%), and Africans (n=183, 33.3%). Accidents (n=226, 41.1%), and infections (148, 26.9%) were the most common complaints. Asians and Africans had significantly: more accidents and less infections (P=0.002, P=0.027 respectively). They were the only category affected by exacerbations of auto immune diseases. Asian and African pilgrims are mainly affected by traumatic dermatologic conditions. Preventive awareness programs should target these ethnicities to reduce their higher rates of accidents. Other ethnicities need programs that promote hygienic practices and target infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Futoun Sharaf
- College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Al Madina Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nahla Bouqellah
- College of Science, Taibah University, Al Madina Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Yasir Ashour
- Al Madinah General Hospital, Al Madina Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Dar-Odeh
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madina Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia.,School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Osama Abu Hammad
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madina Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia.,School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Therapeutic Role of Nystatin Added to Tissue Conditioners for Treating Denture-Induced Stomatitis: A Systematic Review. PROSTHESIS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis3010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Denture-induced stomatitis (DIS) represents a pathological condition caused by ill-fitting dentures trauma, manifested as inflammation of the palatal tissue beneath the denture. The fungal infections are the principal contributory factors to DIS. Although the aetiology of DIS is multifactorial, the Candida albicans fungal infection remains the main cause. The objective of the present systematic review was to evaluate the latest literature on the addition of nystatin into the tissue conditioners (TCs) in the management of DIS. To search the published literature about “the addition of nystatin in TCs for treating DIS”, electronic databases (PubMed (National library of medicine) and Cochrane Library (Wiley)) were searched (from 1975 until December 2020) using different keywords. Various studies described the effectiveness and efficacy of incorporating nystatin into several TCs. The present systematic review reported that the addition of nystatin is beneficial, with slight or no consequences on both the mechanical and physical features of TCs. Adding nystatin to various TCs for treating DIS can be suggested.
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Goel D, Goel GK, Chaudhary S, Jain D. Antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric dentistry: A review. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:473-480. [PMID: 32318367 PMCID: PMC7114004 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1097_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most commonly prescribed drugs in pediatric dentistry are “Antibiotics.” Among Dentists, there is a trend toward overuse of antibiotics for nonindicated clinical conditions. This insufficient knowledge of the appropriate clinical indications for antibiotic prescriptions promotes the overuse of antibiotics and contributes to the emergence of antibiotic resistance among children. According to the various surveys done on the dental students, dentists and pediatric dentists on the antibiotic prescribing practices, overall, adherence to the professional clinical guidelines was low. There was a wide variation in dosages for all the antibiotics prescribed and for prolonged periods which were inconsistent with the recommendations. This paper reviews the current literature from the year 2000 to 2019. An electronic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCO host, and Google Scholar databases. The data was also collected manually from comprehensive textbooks. Some recommendations were also based on the opinion of experienced researchers and clinicians. Thus, this review aims at highlighting clinical indications, dosages, and duration of therapeutic antibiotic prescriptions for orofacial infections in the pediatric outpatients and at the same time creating an awareness, regarding the necessity of strictly adhering to the clinical guidelines for antibiotic prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirja Goel
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | | | - Seema Chaudhary
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College, Moradabad, UP, India
| | - Deshraj Jain
- Department of Prosthodontics, Govt. College of Dentistry, Indore, MP, India
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Sghaireen MG, Alzarea BK, Alduraywish AA, Alam MK, Srivastava KC, Khader Y, Dar-Odeh N, Ganji KK. Effect of Aqueous Ozone Solution Irrigation on Healing after Treatment with Dental Implants: A Cross-over Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2020. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.29.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bader K Alzarea
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University
| | | | | | - Kumar Chandan Srivastava
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Sciences & Technology
| | - Najla Dar-Odeh
- Department of Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University
- Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Jordan
| | - Kiran Kumar Ganji
- Periodontics Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University
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Dar-Odeh N, Fadel HT, Abu-Hammad S, Abdeljawad R, Abu-Hammad OA. Antibiotic Prescribing for Oro-Facial Infections in the Paediatric Outpatient: A Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2018; 7:antibiotics7020038. [PMID: 29693642 PMCID: PMC6022866 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics7020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many reports on the complications associated with antibiotics abuse during the treatment of paediatric patients, particularly those related to antimicrobial resistance. The dental profession is no exception; there is growing evidence that dental practitioners are misusing antibiotics in the treatment of their paediatric patients. This review is directed to dental practitioners who provide oral healthcare to children. It is also directed to medical practitioners, particularly those working in emergency departments and encountering children with acute orofacial infections. A systematic search of literature was conducted to explore the clinical indications and recommended antibiotic regimens for orofacial infections in paediatric outpatients. The main indications included cellulitis, aggressive periodontitis, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, and pericoronitis. Amoxicillin was found to be the most commonly recommended antibiotic for short durations of 3–5 days, with metronidazole or azithromycin being the alternative antibiotics in penicillin-sensitive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Dar-Odeh
- Dental College & Hospital, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia.
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Hani T Fadel
- Dental College & Hospital, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Rua'a Abdeljawad
- Department of Pediatrics, Ibn Alhaitham Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Osama A Abu-Hammad
- Dental College & Hospital, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia.
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
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Alajmi B, Abu-Hammad O, Al-Sharrad A, Dar-Odeh N. Tobacco cessation support among dentists: A cross-sectional survey in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Tob Prev Cessat 2017; 3:121. [PMID: 32432195 PMCID: PMC7232810 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/75795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to explore the smoking prevalence among a sample of dentists working in two Gulf countries, and to assess the association between smoking habit and socio-professional factors affecting their attitude towards tobacco cessation activities, including barriers that prevent them from practicing such activities. METHODS This was a cross-sectional, online questionnaire-based, survey among dentists from Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, during summer 2016. The questionnaire consisted of questions on socio-professional characteristics, tobacco use and attitudes towards the adoption of tobacco cessation programs in dental practices. The questionnaire also enquired about the barriers to adoption of tobacco cessation. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographic and smoking characteristics while cross tabulation with chi-square test was used to find out statistical significance of association between the groups (P≤0.05). RESULTS A total number of 466 responses were included in statistical analysis with 286 males (61.4%) and 180 females (38.6%), age ranged from 23 to 79 years (mean=32.7± 9.32). Most of the sample (N=437, 93.8%) indicated that the dentist has a vital role in educating patients on the health hazards of smoking. A positive attitude toward adoption of tobacco cessation campaigns was associated with older, more experienced, medically compromised, non-smoker dentists. The most frequently cited barrier to tobacco cessation was lack of time (39.2%). CONCLUSIONS Dentists who smoke are less likely to adopt smoking cessation campaigns in their clinics. More experienced dentists and those older than 40 years are more likely to engage in smoking cessation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basais Alajmi
- Riyadh Colleges for Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Kuwaiti Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | - Osama Abu-Hammad
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Monawara, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Najla Dar-Odeh
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Monawara, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Lyu X, Zhao C, Yan ZM, Hua H. Efficacy of nystatin for the treatment of oral candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:1161-71. [PMID: 27042008 PMCID: PMC4801147 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective To systematically review and assess the efficacy, different treatment protocols (formulation, dosage, and duration), and safety of nystatin for treating oral candidiasis. Methods Four electronic databases were searched for trials published in English till July 1, 2015. Randomized controlled trials comparing nystatin with other antifungal therapies or a placebo were included. Clinical and/or mycological cure was the outcome evaluation. A meta-analysis or descriptive study on the efficacy, treatment protocols, and safety of nystatin was conducted. Results The meta-analysis showed that nystatin pastille was significantly superior to placebo in treating denture stomatitis. Nystatin suspension was not superior to fluconazole in treating oral candidiasis in infants, children, or HIV/AIDS patients. The descriptive investigations showed that administration of nystatin suspension and pastilles in combination for 2 weeks might achieve a higher clinical and mycological cure rate, and using the nystatin pastilles alone might have a higher mycological cure rate, when compared with using nystatin suspensions alone. Nystatin pastilles at a dose of 400,000 IU resulted in a significantly higher mycological cure rate than that administrated at a dose of 200,000 IU. Furthermore, treatment with nystatin pastilles for 4 weeks seemed to have better clinical efficacy than treatment for 2 weeks. Descriptive safety assessment showed that poor taste and gastrointestinal adverse reaction are the most common adverse effects of nystatin. Conclusion Nystatin pastille was significantly superior to placebo in treating denture stomatitis, while nystatin suspension was not superior to fluconazole in treating oral candidiasis in infants, children, or HIV/AIDS patients. Indirect evidence from a descriptive study demonstrated that administration of nystatin pastille alone or pastille and suspension in combination is more effective than that of suspension alone; prolonged treatment duration for up to 4 weeks can increase the efficacy of nystatin. More well designed and high quality randomized control studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lyu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Min Yan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Hua
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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