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Mathew MG, Jeevanandan G. Evaluation of Clinical Success, Caries Recurrence, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Children Undergoing Full Mouth Rehabilitation for Early Childhood Caries: A Prospective Cohort Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e50327. [PMID: 38205476 PMCID: PMC10778429 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the clinical success, caries recurrence, and oral health-related quality of life of children undergoing full mouth rehabilitation for early childhood caries under general anesthesia. The study sought to understand the long-term impact of these interventions on early childhood caries (ECC) management. METHODOLOGY The study included 300 children aged three to six years diagnosed with ECC requiring full mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia. The assessment included clinical success of various dental treatments, caries recurrence rates, and oral health-related quality of life using the Early Child Oral Health Impact Scale at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months post-treatment. Specialized caries preventive protocols were implemented, including education on oral hygiene, reminders, and nutritional guidance. RESULTS 272 children attended the 12-month follow-up, out of which 11 children had new carious lesions. Two hundred fifty-two children were reported for the 24-month follow-up, in which 19 children reported new carious lesions. The clinical success rate of treatment was found to be high. The oral health-related quality of life showed a significant and sustained improvement from baseline to 12 months and further improvement at 24 months post-treatment. CONCLUSION Full mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia is an effective approach for managing ECC in young children, with high clinical success rates and significant improvements in the oral health-related quality of life over two years. Preventive oral health strategies are necessary to maintain these positive outcomes and improve the overall well-being of affected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mebin George Mathew
- Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Ganesh Jeevanandan
- Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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Mohammed Al-Dahan H, Ali Ismael S. Early childhood caries: parents' knowledge, attitude and practice towards its prevention in refugee camps in Erbil, Iraq. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:792. [PMID: 37875915 PMCID: PMC10599036 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries is a significant oral health issue in socially deprived communities, including refugees, where prevention plays a crucial role in minimizing the challenges and costs associated with treating early childhood caries. To improve oral health outcomes, it is important to understand parents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices. This study aims to assess the oral health knowledge, practices, and attitudes of refugee parents. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 503 parents/caregivers residing in Erbil's refugee camps in Iraq, with healthy preschool children aged one to six years. Structured questionnaire was utilized in conducting individual interviews with parents to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The questionnaire collected demographic information and data on access to oral health services. RESULTS A total of 503 out of 505 households actively participated in the study, resulting in a high response rate of 99.6%. Demographic analysis revealed that the majority of respondents were female parents, constituting 92.05% of the sample. Within the participant pool, the primary age groups were 26-35 years (55.3%) and 18-25 years (26.2%). Educational background analysis revealed that a significant proportion of parents had attained a secondary school education (29.6%) or primary school education (27.4%). Statistical analysis further established a noteworthy association between educational background and knowledge level. The investigation of participants' knowledge uncovered notable gaps and misconceptions pertaining to early childhood caries, with an overall mean score of 5.1. Assessing the overall attitude of parents, a mean score of 3.87 (SD = 1.29) suggested a generally unfavorable attitude towards oral hygiene practices and prevention of early childhood caries. In terms of actual practices, parents demonstrated a mean practice score of 5.7. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes knowledge gaps and misconceptions among parents in refugee camps regarding early childhood caries in preschool children. Findings revealed low knowledge scores, limited understanding of hidden sugars, delayed oral hygiene practices, and limited knowledge about fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sherzad Ali Ismael
- Public Health Faculty, Kurdistan Board of Medical Specialties, Runaki, Erbil, Iraq.
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Zhou X, Li H, Zhu C, Yuan C, Meng C, Feng S, Sun X, Zheng S. Analysis of salivary proteomic biomarkers for the surveillance of changes in high-risk status of early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:572. [PMID: 34749719 PMCID: PMC8573911 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01930-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early childhood caries is an urgent public health concern. The aim of this study was to investigate salivary proteomic biomarkers for the surveillance of changes in the high-risk status of early childhood caries. The process involves the screening of specific salivary peptides that were differentially expressed only under dynamic changes in individual caries status. Methods Stimulated whole saliva samples were collected from 28 kindergarten children aged 3–4 years in Beijing at baseline and 3 months and 6 months after baseline. A total of 68 samples were collected. In terms of their caries status and progress during the observation period, participants were divided into 3 groups; 7 in the non-caries recurrence group, 6 in the caries recurrence group, and 15 in the healthy control group. Salivary peptides that exhibited no significant differences in cross-sectional comparisons between different groups of caries status but only expressed differentially along with dynamic changes of individual caries were screened using the technique of magnetic beads combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The technique of liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was employed to identify the proteins from which these peptides were derived. Results We found two salivary peptides differentially expressed only under dynamic changes in individual caries status in the above comparisons; mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) values of the two peptides were 1045.9 and 2517.6, respectively (P < 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) and the decision tree model based on these two peptides showed an acceptable distinguishing ability for changes in the high-risk status of early childhood caries. The source proteins of the two peptides with m/z values of 1045.9 and 2517.6 were identified as submandibular gland androgen regulatory protein 3B (SMR-3B) and mucin-7, respectively. Conclusions Two proteins in children’s saliva, namely SMR-3B and mucin-7, have the potentiality to serve as candidate biomarkers for dynamic surveillance of changes in high-risk status of early childhood caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhu Zhou
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Haozhe Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Ce Zhu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Chunhua Meng
- Second Kindergarten in Asian Games Village, Chaoyang Disctrict, Beijing, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Shulan Feng
- Second Kindergarten in Asian Games Village, Chaoyang Disctrict, Beijing, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
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Kalhan TA, Lin YT, Kalhan AC, Lin YTJ, Chou CC, Hsu CYS. Dental plaque pH in predicting caries relapse after general anaesthesia - an exploratory study. Int Dent J 2019; 69:419-427. [PMID: 31402451 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Numerous caries risk assessment tools have been proposed in the literature, with few validated in preschool children especially those receiving oral rehabilitation under general anaesthesia (GA). Past caries experience, the best predictor thus far, may not be a reliable indicator after effective clinical intervention. Hence, this longitudinal study was aimed to explore the potential role of plaque pH in predicting future caries incidence after GA among preschool children. METHODS Oral examination, plaque pH measurements and questionnaire survey were performed, among pre-schoolers indicated for GA, at baseline (n = 92), 6-month (6M; n = 83), 12-month (12M; n = 79) and 24-month (24M; n = 66) recall visits after GA. Multivariable logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic analysis were performed to evaluate the predictive value of models with plaque pH and past caries experience. RESULTS Individuals with low resting plaque pH at 6M and 12M were shown to be at high risk of 1-year caries incidence at 12M [relative risk (RR) 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-1.48] and 24M (RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.22-1.73) recall visit, respectively. Moreover, plaque pH demonstrated a statistically significant predictive value in the 12M and 24M models (12M/24M: 85%/77%) compared with past caries experience, which was not a significant predictor in both models (both P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Plaque pH may be a promising prognostic and predictive marker for early identification of high-risk children undergoing oral rehabilitation under GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosha Ashish Kalhan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yai-Tin Lin
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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