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Lyu P, Song Y, Bi R, Li Z, Wei Y, Huang Q, Cui C, Song D, Zhou X, Fan Y. Protective Actions in Apical Periodontitis: The Regenerative Bioactivities Led by Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121737. [PMID: 36551165 PMCID: PMC9776067 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Resulting from bacterial infection, apical periodontitis (AP) is a common inflammatory disease of the periapical region of the tooth. The regeneration of the destroyed periapical alveolar bone and the surrounding periodontium tissues has long been a difficult task in clinical practice. These lesions are closely related to pathogen invasion and an overreactive immune response. It is worth noting that the protective healing process occurs simultaneously, in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a crucial function in mediating the immune system and promoting regeneration. Here, we review the recent studies related to AP, with a focus on the regulatory network of MSCs. We also discuss the potential therapeutic approaches of MSCs in inflammatory diseases to provide a basis for promoting tissue regeneration and modulating inflammation in AP. A deeper understanding of the protective action of MSCs and the regulatory networks will help to delineate the underlying mechanisms of AP and pave the way for stem-cell-based regenerative medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lyu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiming Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruiye Bi
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zucen Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yali Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chen Cui
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Dongzhe Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Fan
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
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Luo X, Wan Q, Cheng L, Xu R. Mechanisms of bone remodeling and therapeutic strategies in chronic apical periodontitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:908859. [PMID: 35937695 PMCID: PMC9353524 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.908859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic periapical periodontitis (CAP) is a typical oral disease in which periodontal inflammation caused by an odontogenic infection eventually leads to bone loss. Uncontrolled infections often lead to extensive bone loss around the root tip, which ultimately leads to tooth loss. The main clinical issue in the treatment of periapical periodontitis is the repair of jawbone defects, and infection control is the first priority. However, the oral cavity is an open environment, and the distribution of microorganisms through the mouth in jawbone defects is inevitable. The subversion of host cell metabolism by oral microorganisms initiates disease. The presence of microorganisms stimulates a series of immune responses, which in turn stimulates bone healing. Given the above background, we intended to examine the paradoxes and connections between microorganisms and jaw defect repair in anticipation of new ideas for jaw defect repair. To this end, we reviewed the microbial factors, human signaling pathways, immune cells, and cytokines involved in the development of CAP, as well as concentrated growth factor (CGF) and stem cells in bone defect repair, with the aim of understanding the impact of microbial factors on host cell metabolism to inform the etiology and clinical management of CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lei Cheng
- *Correspondence: Lei Cheng, ; Ruoshi Xu,
| | - Ruoshi Xu
- *Correspondence: Lei Cheng, ; Ruoshi Xu,
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Release of Matrix Metalloproteinases by Macrophages in Radicular Cysts and Residual Radicular Cysts. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:291-297. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Mast Cells Differentiated in Synovial Fluid and Resident in Osteophytes Exalt the Inflammatory Pathology of Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010541. [PMID: 35008966 PMCID: PMC8745477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Osteophytes are a prominent feature of osteoarthritis (OA) joints and one of the clinical hallmarks of the disease progression. Research on osteophytes is fragmentary and modes of its contribution to OA pathology are obscure. Aim: To elucidate the role of osteophytes in OA pathology from a perspective of molecular and cellular events. Methods: RNA-seq of fully grown osteophytes, collected from tibial plateau of six OA patients revealed patterns corresponding to active extracellular matrix re-modulation and prominent participation of mast cells. Presence of mast cells was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry, performed on the sections of the osteophytes using anti-tryptase alpha/beta-1 and anti-FC epsilon RI antibodies and the related key up-regulated genes were validated by qRT-PCR. To test the role of OA synovial fluid (SF) in mast cell maturation as proposed by the authors, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and ThP1 cells were cultured in a media supplemented with 10% SF samples, obtained from various grades of OA patients and were monitored using specific cell surface markers by flow cytometry. Proteomics analysis of SF samples was performed to detect additional markers specific to mast cells and inflammation that drive the cell differentiation and maturation. Results: Transcriptomics of osteophytes revealed a significant upregulation of mast cells specific genes such as chymase 1 (CMA1; 5-fold) carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3; 4-fold), MS4A2/FCERI (FCERI; 4.2-fold) and interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1; 2.5-fold) indicating their prominent involvement. (In IHC, anti-tryptase alpha/beta-1 and anti- FC epsilon RI-stained active mast cells were seen populated in cartilage, subchondral bone, and trabecular bone.) Based on these outcomes and previous learnings, the authors claim a possibility of mast cells invasion into osteophytes is mediated by SF and present in vitro cell differentiation assay results, wherein ThP1 and HSCs showed differentiation into HLA-DR+/CD206+ and FCERI+ phenotype, respectively, after exposing them to medium containing 10% SF for 9 days. Proteomics analysis of these SF samples showed an accumulation of mast cell-specific inflammatory proteins. Conclusions: RNA-seq analysis followed by IHC study on osteophyte samples showed a population of mast cells resident in them and may further accentuate inflammatory pathology of OA. Besides subchondral bone, the authors propose an alternative passage of mast cells invasion in osteophytes, wherein OA SF was found to be necessary and sufficient for maturation of mast cell precursor into effector cells.
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Bansal D, Kamboj M, Narwal A, Devi A, Marwah N. Interplay of collagen and mast cells in periapical granulomas and periapical cysts: a comparative polarizing microscopic and immunohistochemical study. Restor Dent Endod 2022; 47:e12. [PMID: 35284324 PMCID: PMC8891460 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2022.47.e12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This pilot study aimed to establish the interrelationship between collagen and mast cells in periapical granulomas and periapical cysts. Materials and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on the paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 68 specimens (34 periapical granulomas and 34 periapical cysts). The specimens were stained with picrosirius to observe collagen fiber birefringence and anti-tryptase antibody to evaluate the mast cell count immunohistochemically. The mean number and birefringence of collagen fibers, as well as the mean number of mast cells (total, granulated, and degranulated), and the mean inflammatory cell density were calculated. The data obtained were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test, Mann Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation test (p < 0.05). Results The mean number of thick collagen fibers was higher in periapical cysts, while that of thin fibers was higher in granulomas (p = 0.00). Cysts emitted orange-yellow to red birefringence, whereas periapical granulomas had predominantly green fibers (p = 0.00). The mean inflammatory cell density was comparable in all groups (p = 0.129). The number of total, degranulated, and granulated mast cells exhibited significant results (p = 0.00) in both groups. Thick cyst fibers showed significant inverse correlations with inflammation and degranulated mast cells (p = 0.041, 0.04 respectively). Conclusions Mast cells and inflammatory cells influenced the nature of collagen fiber formation and its birefringence. This finding may assist in the prediction of the nature, pathogenesis, and biological behavior of periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepty Bansal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Mala Kamboj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Anjali Narwal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Anju Devi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Nisha Marwah
- Department of Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
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de França GM, Felipe Junior J, de Freitas CTS, de Lucena HF, de Andrade ALDL, Galvão HC. Langerhans Cells Correlate With Macrophages for Defense Mechanisms in the Atrophic Epithelium of Radicular Cysts. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:606-612. [PMID: 33958525 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) play important roles in cell-mediated immune reactions, as well as in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of LCs in the proliferative epithelium of radicular cysts (RCs) and the release of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) associated with epithelial thickness. Thirty cases of RCs and 30 cases of residual RCs were randomly selected. Morphologic analysis was performed to evaluate the association between the inflammatory infiltrate, cystic epithelial thickness and lesion size, in addition to immunohistochemical assessment of CD1a, CD68, and TNF-α. The highest macrophage percentages and TNF-α scores were found in RCs (P=0.038 and 0.017, respectively). The largest number of LCs was observed in RCs (P=0.021), especially those exhibiting atrophic epithelium (P=0.05). In addition, LCs were positively correlated with the number of macrophages in both RCs and residual RCs (P=0.033 and 0.002, respectively). In contrast to LCs, the largest number of macrophages was detected in cases with an intense inflammatory infiltrate (P=0.022). In addition, the highest TNF-α scores were associated with an intense inflammatory infiltrate (P=0.024) when analyzed in the capsule of RCs (P=0.017). In conclusion, LCs participate in defense mechanisms and were present in all cases evaluated. Along with macrophages, these cells release proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, which is responsible for inducing the continued proliferation of cystic epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glória M de França
- Department of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN
| | - Joaquim Felipe Junior
- Department of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN
| | - Camila T S de Freitas
- Department of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN
| | - Hévio F de Lucena
- Department of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN
| | - Ana L D L de Andrade
- Department of Human Anatomy, Biomedical Science Institute, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Hébel C Galvão
- Department of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN
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Costa Neto H, Andrade ALDLD, Carmo AFD, Freitas RDA, Galvão HC. Involvement of tryptase-positive mast cells and angiogenesis in the growth of inflammatory odontogenic cysts. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e061. [PMID: 34076187 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory periapical lesions are characterized by infiltration of different immune cell types, the functions of which depend on an effective vascular network. This study aimed to evaluate the mast cells density (MCD) in inflamatory odontogenic cysts capsules concerning microvascular density (MVD), microvascular area (MVA), and microvascular perimeter (MVP), and correlate such findings with the type of lesion, intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, and thickness of the epithelial lining. Twenty inflamatory dentigerous cysts (IDCs), twenty radicular cysts (RCs), and twenty residual radicular cysts (RRCs) were submitted to immunohistochemical analysis using anti-tryptase and anti-CD34 antibodies. RCs exhibited the highest MCD, MVD, MVA, and MVP indexes (p = < 0.001, p = 0.008, p = 0.003 and p = < 0.001, respectively), and lesions with inflammatory infiltrate grade III showed the highest MVD (p = 0.044). Considering epithelial thickness, a higher MVP index was identified in lesions with hyperplastic epithelium (p = 0.018). In IDCs, RCs, and RRCs, a strong positive correlation was observed between MVA and MVP (r = 0.950 and p = < 0.001; r = 0.914 and p = < 0.001; r = 0.713 and p = < 0.001, respectively). In IDCs, a moderate correlation was observed between MCD and both MVA and MVP (r = 0.660 and p = 0.002; r = 0.634 and p = 0.003, respectively). These results suggest that tryptase-positive mast cells might play an important role in the angiogenic activity of IDCs, while RCs had the highest indexes. Our findings also confirmed that the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate and epithelial thickness influence angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Costa Neto
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Department of Dentistry, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Hébel Cavalcanti Galvão
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Department of Dentistry, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Paula-Silva FWG, Arnez MFM, de Campos Chaves Lamarque G, Petille R, Ribeiro-Santos FR, de Sena MF, Nelson-Filho P, da Silva LAB. Osteoclast formation, inflammation, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 are downregulated in bone repair following root canal treatment in dogs teeth. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:4699-4707. [PMID: 33449195 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03784-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the inflammatory infiltrate, osteoclast formation, and expression of MMP-9 during the healing phase following root canal treatment in teeth with apical periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Apical periodontitis was induced in dogs teeth, and root canal treatment was performed in a single visit or using calcium hydroxide as intracanal medication. One hundred and eighty days following treatment the presence of inflammation was examined, and the tissues were stained to detect osteoclasts by means of a tartrate resistant alkaline phosphatase (TRAP) assay. Synthesis of MMP-9 was detected using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Teeth with apical periodontitis that had root canal therapy performed in a single visit presented a higher synthesis of MMP-9 compared with root canal treatment using calcium hydroxide. Treatment with calcium hydroxide resulted in a reduced amount of inflammatory cells and MMP-9 positive cells. Osteoclast formation, the number of MMP-9 positive osteoclasts and cementocytes, was reduced following root canal treatment, regardless of the root canal treatment protocol used. CONCLUSION Root canal treatment reduced the amount of inflammatory cells and osteoclasts in periapical area. The use of calcium hydroxide as intracanal medication resulted in a lower synthesis of MMP-9, though the number of osteoclasts and MMP-9 positive osteoclasts were similar between the groups. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Periapical bone repair following root canal treatment is impacted by therapy performed either in single visit or using calcium hydroxide dressing measured by inflammatory cell recruitment, osteoclast formation, and MMP-9 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maya Fernanda Manfrin Arnez
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Petille
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Regina Ribeiro-Santos
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Arco Verde, PE, Brazil
| | - Marina Fernandes de Sena
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Endoglin, known to be expressed in proliferating vessels, is of worth when evaluating microvessel density as a prognostic factor in many types of malignancies, including some subtypes of leukemia cells. In childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, endoglin is associated with adverse outcome. In bone marrow, endoglin identifies the repopulating hematopoietic stem cells. Mast cells are a component of normal tissue and play an important role in the regulation of several processes, including inflammation and neoplasia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of endoglin as a biological marker of mast cells compared with the gold standard stains. We studied 15 specimens of neurofibroma, 9 of mastocytosis, and 6 of fibrous scar tissue through immunohistochemistry (for endoglin and mast cell tryptase) and histochemical staining using toluidine blue. Quantitative analysis of the cells was performed by counting 5 hotspots. The validity of endoglin as a mast cell marker was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare mast cell count for each marker. A strong endoglin expression was found in the cytoplasmic granules of mast cells within the 3 groups. Similar results were observed with mast cell tryptase as well as toluidine blue. The intraclass correlation coefficient revealed that endoglin is a highly reliable biomarker of mast cells when compared with mast cell tryptase and toluidine blue. In conclusion, endoglin may assist in the diagnosis and pathogenesis study of various processes associated with mast cells. An endoglin-neutralizing treatment for solid cancers and leukemia could also affect mastocytes and the immunologic system.
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França GMD, Carmo AFD, Costa Neto H, Andrade ALDLD, Lima KCD, Galvão HC. Macrophages subpopulations in chronic periapical lesions according to clinical and morphological aspects. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e047. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Álvares PR, de Arruda JAA, Oliveira Silva LV, da Silva LP, do Nascimento GJF, da Silveira MMF, Sobral APV. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Periapical Lesions. J Endod 2018; 44:1783-1787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Yang NY, Zhou Y, Zhao HY, Liu XY, Sun Z, Shang JJ. Increased interleukin 1α and interleukin 1β expression is involved in the progression of periapical lesions in primary teeth. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:124. [PMID: 30012121 PMCID: PMC6048863 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0586-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is involved in bone resorption. However, the role of IL-1 in periapical lesions characterized by periapical bone destruction in primary teeth has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to detect the distribution and expression of IL-1 in periapical lesions in primary teeth and assess the relationship between the cytokines and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration. METHODS A total of 106 chronic periapical lesions in primary teeth were harvested. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to determine the histological type and the inflammatory cell infiltration grade (mild, moderate, and severe), and immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the distribution and expression of IL-1α and IL-1β. RESULTS Of the 106 chronic periapical lesion samples, there were 85 cases of periapical granuloma, accounting for 80.19% of the total samples, and 21 cases of radicular cysts, accounting for 19.81%; no cases of abscess were detected. Immunohistochemistry results showed that both IL-1α and IL-1β were expressed in periapical granulomas and cysts. ELISA results showed that IL-1α and IL-1β levels were higher in the periapical granuloma group than in the radicular cyst and normal control groups (P < 0.05). In the periapical granuloma group, IL-1α and IL-1β were detected at higher levels in the severe inflammatory cell infiltration subgroup than in the mild-inflammatory cell infiltration subgroup (P < 0.05), and IL-1β expression was also higher in the moderate inflammatory cell infiltration subgroup than in the mild inflammatory cell infiltration subgroup (P < 0.01). A significant positive correlation was observed between the protein expression levels of IL-1α and IL-1β and the inflammation grade in periapical granulomas from primary teeth (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Expression levels of the cytokines IL-1α and IL-1β in periapical granulomas from primary teeth increased with increasing inflammatory severity and appeared to be a contributing factor to the progression of periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Yan Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Huan-Ying Zhao
- Medical Experiment and Test Center, Capital Medical University, Xi Tou Tiao No 10, You An Men Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Oral Medicine, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Jian Shang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, China.
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Lopes CB, Armada L, Pires FR. Comparative Expression of CD34, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, and Podoplanin and the Presence of Mast Cells in Periapical Granulomas, Cysts, and Residual Cysts. J Endod 2018; 44:1105-1109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Periodontal and endodontic infectious/inflammatory profile in primary periodontal lesions with secondary endodontic involvement after a calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medication. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:53-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Álvares PR, Arruda JAAD, Silva LPD, Nascimento GJFD, Silveira MFD, Sobral APV. Immunohistochemical expression of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 in periapical lesions. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e51. [PMID: 28678970 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) in periapical lesion samples correlated with the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate and thickness of the epithelial lining. Forty-five cases of periapical lesions (23 periapical granulomas and 22 radicular cysts) were subjected to morphological and immunohistochemical analyses using anti-MMP-9 and anti-TGF-β1 antibodies. The data were analyzed using the following tests: non-parametric Mann-Whitney, chi-square, Fisher's exact test and Spearman's correlation test (P<0.05). Analysis of inflammatory infiltrate revealed that 78% of periapical granulomas presented infiltrate grade III, in contrast with 32% of radicular cysts (P<0.001). Morphological evaluation of the epithelial thickness in radicular cysts revealed the presence of atrophic epithelium in 86% of the cysts. The immunostaining of MMP-9 was score 2 in 67% of the granulomas and 77% of the cysts. Both lesions were predominantly score 1 for TGF-β1. Significant differences were confirmed between the expression scores of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 in periapical granulomas (p = 0.004) and in radicular cysts (p < 0.001). Expression of TGF-β1 was different for periapical granulomas and radicular cysts. This immunoregulatory cytokine seems more representative in asymptomatic lesions. The extracellular matrix remodeling process dependent on MMP-9 seems to be similar for both periapical granulomas and radicular cysts. TGF-β1 and MMP-9 may play an important role in the maintenance of periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmella Recco Álvares
- Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology, Camaragibe, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Leorik Pereira da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Fonseca da Silveira
- Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, Camaragibe, PB, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Veras Sobral
- Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology, Camaragibe, PB, Brazil
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