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Martinez-Morales P, Morán Cruz I, Roa-de la Cruz L, Maycotte P, Reyes Salinas JS, Vazquez Zamora VJ, Gutierrez Quiroz CT, Montiel-Jarquin AJ, Vallejo-Ruiz V. Hallmarks of glycogene expression and glycosylation pathways in squamous and adenocarcinoma cervical cancer. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12081. [PMID: 34540372 PMCID: PMC8415283 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of glycogene expression in cancer can lead to aberrant glycan expression, which can promote tumorigenesis. Cervical cancer (CC) displays an increased expression of glycogenes involved in sialylation and sialylated glycans. Here, we show a comprehensive analysis of glycogene expression in CC to identify glycogene expression signatures and the possible glycosylation pathways altered. Methods First, we performed a microarray expression assay to compare glycogene expression changes between normal and cervical cancer tissues. Second, we used 401 glycogenes to analyze glycogene expression in adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma from RNA-seq data at the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics. Results The analysis of the microarray expression assay indicated that CC displayed an increase in glycogenes related to GPI-anchored biosynthesis and a decrease in genes associated with chondroitin and dermatan sulfate with respect to normal tissue. Also, the glycogene analysis of CC samples by the RNA-seq showed that the glycogenes involved in the chondroitin and dermatan sulfate pathway were downregulated. Interestingly the adenocarcinoma tumors displayed a unique glycogene expression signature compared to squamous cancer that shows heterogeneous glycogene expression divided into six types. Squamous carcinoma type 5 (SCC-5) showed increased expression of genes implicated in keratan and heparan sulfate synthesis, glycosaminoglycan degradation, ganglio, and globo glycosphingolipid synthesis was related to poorly differentiated tumors and poor survival. Squamous carcinoma type 6 (SCC-6) displayed an increased expression of genes involved in chondroitin/dermatan sulfate synthesis and lacto and neolacto glycosphingolipid synthesis and was associated with nonkeratinizing squamous cancer and good survival. In summary, our study showed that CC tumors are not a uniform entity, and their glycome signatures could be related to different clinicopathological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martinez-Morales
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Metepec, Puebla, México
| | - Irene Morán Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, México
| | - Lorena Roa-de la Cruz
- Department of Biological Chemical Sciences, Universidad de las Américas-Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Paola Maycotte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, México
| | - Juan Salvador Reyes Salinas
- Hospital de especialidades, General Manuel Ávila Camacho, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Victor Javier Vazquez Zamora
- Hospital de especialidades, General Manuel Ávila Camacho, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | | | - Alvaro Jose Montiel-Jarquin
- Hospital de especialidades, General Manuel Ávila Camacho, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Verónica Vallejo-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, México
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Liu LP, Sheng XP, Shuai TK, Zhao YX, Li B, Li YM. Helicobacter pylori promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer by enhancing heparanase expression. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4565-4577. [PMID: 30386106 PMCID: PMC6209574 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i40.4565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To detect the mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer (GC).
METHODS Specimens from 99 patients with GC were collected. The correlation among H. pylori infection, heparanase (HPA) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression, which was determined by immunohistochemistry, and the clinical features of GC was analysed using SPSS 22.0. Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) of GC patients were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Independent and multiple factors of HPA and MAPK with prognosis were determined with COX proportional hazards models. HPA and MAPK expression in MKN-45 cells infected with H. pylori was analysed using Western blot.
RESULTS H. pylori infection was observed in 70 of 99 patients with GC (70.7%), which was significantly higher than that in healthy controls. H. pylori infection was related to lymph metastasis and expression of HPA and MAPK (P < 0.05); HPA expression was relevant to MAPK expression (P = 0.024). HPA and MAPK expression in MKN-45 cells was significantly upregulated following H. pylori infection and peaked at 24 h and 60 min, before decreasing (P < 0.05). SB203580, an inhibitor of MAPK, significantly decreased HPA expression. HPA was related to lymph metastasis and invasive depth. HPA positive GC cases and H. pylori positive GC cases showed poorer prognosis than HPA negative cases (P < 0.05). COX models showed that the prognosis of GC was connected with HPA expression, lymph metastasis, tissue differentiation, and invasive depth.
CONCLUSION H. pylori may promote the invasion and metastasis of GC by increasing HPA expression that may associate with MAPK activation, thus causing a poorer prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Donggang District of First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xi-Ping Sheng
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Tian-Kui Shuai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Donggang District of First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yong-Xun Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yu-Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
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Liu L, Zhao Y, Fan G, Shuai T, Li B, Li Y. Helicobacter pylori infection enhances heparanase leading to cell proliferation via mitogen‑activated protein kinase signalling in human gastric cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5733-5741. [PMID: 30320396 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most important factor in the development of gastric cancer. Heparanase (HPA) is involved in tissue remodelling and cell migration, which leads to inflammation and tumour metastasis. The current study aimed was to explore whether a H. pylori infection leads to an increase in the level of HPA in gastric cancer and to investigate the specific mechanism underlying this association. Reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to detect HPA mRNA and protein expression, respectively, in MKN‑45 cells infected by H. pylori, MKN‑45 cells treated with the mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580 and MKN‑45 cells transfected with small interfering RNA against HPA. MAPK and nuclear factor (NF)‑κB expression were determined by western blotting in the different cells group. Cell Counting Kit‑8, Transwell method, and Scratch and Clone tests were conducted to detect proliferation, invasion, migration and clone formation ability of gastric cancer cells. It was demonstrated that HPA mRNA expression was highest at 6 h post‑infection, while the expression of the HPA protein was highest at 24 h post‑infection in H. pylori‑infected gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that H. pylori infection significantly enhanced the expression of MAPK and NF‑κB in MKN‑45 cells at the mRNA and protein levels. SB203580 significantly decreased the expression of NF‑κB in MKN‑45 cells infected with H. pylori. Exposure to SB203580 also significantly decreased the expression of HPA. In the present study, the inhibition of HPA significantly lowered H. pylori‑induced cell proliferation, suggesting that H. pylori infection induces the proliferation of gastric cancer cells through the upregulation of HPA. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that HPA serves a critical role in the development of gastric cancer in H. pylori‑infected cells, which may be an important mechanism through which H. pylori infection leads to gastric cancer. In addition, H. pylori infection promotes the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells through the upregulation of HPA expression, and this is likely mediated via the MAPK and NF‑κB signalling pathways. These data suggest that HPA can be used as a therapeutic target in gastric cancer, particularly in cases induced by H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Yongxun Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Guangrui Fan
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Tiankui Shuai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Donggang Branch of The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yumin Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
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Distribution of Heparan Sulfate Oligosaccharides in Murine Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIA. Metabolites 2014; 4:1088-100. [PMID: 25513953 PMCID: PMC4279159 DOI: 10.3390/metabo4041088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) catabolism begins with endo-degradation of the polysaccharide to smaller HS oligosaccharides, followed by the sequential action of exo-enzymes to reduce these oligosaccharides to monosaccharides and inorganic sulfate. In mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) the exo-enzyme, N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase, is deficient resulting in an inability to hydrolyze non-reducing end glucosamine N-sulfate esters. Consequently, partially degraded HS oligosaccharides with non-reducing end glucosamine sulfate esters accumulate. We investigated the distribution of these HS oligosaccharides in tissues of a mouse model of MPS IIIA using high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Oligosaccharide levels were compared to total uronic acid (UA), which was used as a measure of total glycosaminoglycan. Ten oligosaccharides, ranging in size from di- to hexasaccharides, were present in all the tissues examined including brain, spleen, lung, heart, liver, kidney and urine. However, the relative levels varied up to 10-fold, suggesting different levels of HS turnover and storage. The relationship between the di- and tetrasaccharides and total UA was tissue specific with spleen and kidney showing a different disaccharide:total UA ratio than the other tissues. The hexasaccharides showed a stronger correlation with total UA in all tissue types suggesting that hexasaccharides may more accurately reflect the storage burden in these tissues.
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The Immunoexpression of Heparanase 2 in Normal Epithelium, Intraepithelial, and Invasive Squamous Neoplasia of the Cervix. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2012; 16:256-62. [DOI: 10.1097/lgt.0b013e3182422c69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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