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España AG, Pimentel MIF, Lyra JPDM, Valete-Rosalino CM, Lyra MR. Description of the dermatoscopic features observed in sporotrichosis and American cutaneous leishmaniasis in a reference center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. An Bras Dermatol 2023; 98:764-773. [PMID: 37481377 PMCID: PMC10589486 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evaluation of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and sporotrichosis (SP) with dermoscopy may improve the diagnosis accuracy and clinical monitoring. OBJECTIVES To describe the dermoscopic findings and patterns of skin lesions of patients with CL and SP followed up at the Laboratory of Clinical Research and Surveillance in Leishmaniasis (LaPClinVigiLeish), Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases (INI), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS The authors included patients with a diagnosis of CL or SP, who attended at INI/ Fiocruz, between 2019‒2021. All patients had 3 dermoscopic examinations (DermLite DL4): before treatment (T0), during treatment (T1), and after healing (T2). Up to three lesions per patient were evaluated. RESULTS The authors studied 47 patients with CL (74 lesions), and 19 patients with SP (24 lesions). The authors described dermoscopic structures such as rosettes, white lines, white dots, brown focal structureless areas, brown lines and dots, white perilesional circles, perilesional hyperchromic circles, microulcerations and the rainbow patterns. The authors created specific patterns; in CL: CL-T0 "central yellow scales with a white perilesional circle pattern", CL-T1 "diffuse structureless white area pattern" and CL-T2 "white and brown focal structureless areas pattern". In SP: SP-T0 the "pustule with erythema pattern"; SP-T1 the "focal structureless white areas with erythema pattern" and SP-T2 the "white linear pattern". STUDY LIMITATIONS This study does not correlate dermoscopic findings with time of disease evolution at the first medical examination. CONCLUSIONS The recognition of CL and SP dermoscopy patterns may be helpful tool for the differential diagnosis and monitoring of disease evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Galeano España
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Surveillance in Leishmaniasis, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Surveillance in Leishmaniasis, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Maria Valete-Rosalino
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Surveillance in Leishmaniasis, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Otolaryngology Department and Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rosandiski Lyra
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Surveillance in Leishmaniasis, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Chaima K, Manaa L, Bahloul E, Boudaya S, Amouri M, Turki H. Unusual malar rash with ulceration: What can we expect? Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7163. [PMID: 37020670 PMCID: PMC10067807 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the clinical polymorphism of the disease, longstanding skin lesions located on the face, resembling erysipelas in an endemic area should always be investigated for CL and thus, atypical presentations should be kept in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Chaima
- Department of DermatologyHedi Chaker HospitalSfaxTunisia
| | - Linda Manaa
- Department of DermatologyHedi Chaker HospitalSfaxTunisia
| | - Emna Bahloul
- Department of DermatologyHedi Chaker HospitalSfaxTunisia
| | - Sonia Boudaya
- Department of DermatologyHedi Chaker HospitalSfaxTunisia
| | - Mariem Amouri
- Department of DermatologyHedi Chaker HospitalSfaxTunisia
| | - Hamida Turki
- Department of DermatologyHedi Chaker HospitalSfaxTunisia
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Al-Dhalimi MA, Jasim SH. Dermoscopic evaluation of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:531-540. [PMID: 36163392 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic disease in Iraq that is caused by protozoan infection. Dermoscopy has been applied to help in the diagnosis of multiple skin disease, including infestations. To evaluate the dermoscopic characteristics of CL lesions and their relationship with the disease duration, site, and pattern. Dermoscopic examination using (3 Gen Dermlite DL 100) at tenfold magnification of 91 lesions in 67 patients was elicited. This study was done from December 2019 to December 2020. The main dermoscopic features were generalized erythema (100%), hyperkeratosis with central erosion or ulceration (53.8%), white scar-like patch (41.8%), yellow tears (35.2%), white starburst sign (34.1%), and milia-like cyst (2.2%). We also observed vascular structures, including linear irregular (63.1%), dotted (57.1%), glomerular (38.1%), hairpin (22.6%), and comma-shaped vessels (16.7%). Linear irregular vessels were more commonly demonstrated on the face and upper limbs; while on the lower limbs, hyperkeratosis with erosion and ulceration were the most common finding. Hyperkeratosis with erosions/ulcerations (43.8%) was the most common finding in the papular pattern, linear irregular vessels (56.7%) in the nodular pattern, glomerular vessels (64.3%) was the most common finding in noduloulcerative pattern and linear irregular vessels (71%) was the most common finding in plaque pattern. The dermoscopic features would help in the diagnosis of CL lesions by dermoscopy, especially in endemic areas. There is a good relationship between the dermoscopic features and type of CL lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhsin A Al-Dhalimi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa Post Office, P.O. Box 21, Najaf, Iraq.
| | - Shadan Hussein Jasim
- Department of Dermatology, Alsader Teaching Hospital, AlNajaf Health Directorate, Najaf, Iraq
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4
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Memon S, Ahmed N, Shah SA, Bari AU, Rahim M, Farooq O, Nasir Memon M. Comparing Dermatoscopic Features With Slit Skin Smear and Histopathology in Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Cureus 2023; 15:e35336. [PMID: 36974240 PMCID: PMC10039316 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate dermatoscopic features of cutaneous leishmaniasis and to compare its diagnostic accuracy against slit skin smear and skin histopathology. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, Pakistan Navy Station (PNS) Shifa Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from August 2021 to August 2022. A total of 200 lesions from 70 patients of cutaneous leishmaniasis diagnosed with slit skin smear for Leishmania-Donovan (LD) bodies and skin biopsy were included via non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Dermatoscopic evaluation was performed via a handheld dermatoscope (DELTA 20T; HEINE, Gilching, Germany) on 10x magnification. All dermatoscopic images were analyzed by two different observers who had command of dermatoscopy. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS version 27 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS Common dermatoscopic findings were erythema 200 (100%), hyperkeratosis 140 (70%), crusting 50 (25%), ulceration 42 (21%), milia-like structure 58 (29%), tear drop-like structure 46 (23%), yellow tears 70 (35%), and white starburst pattern 68 (34%). Less common findings were yellow hue 28 (14%), orange areas 26 (13%) and scar seven (3.5%). Vascular structures frequently observed were linear vessels 109 (54.5%), dotted vessels 80 (40%), and hairpin vessels 61 (30.5%); less common findings were comma-shaped vessels 52 (26%), arborizing vessels 20 (10%), crown vessels nine (4.5%). Comparison of dermatoscopic features was done with slit skin smear for LD bodies (p value = 0.003 ) and histopathology (p value = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Dermatoscopy is a non-invasive technique that is helpful in diagnosing cutaneous leishmaniasis, saving time in making rapid diagnosis and saving the need to undergo extensive invasive investigation. Yield of dermatoscopy was comparable to slit smear for LD bodies and histopathology and was found to be effective in making rapid diagnosis with significant accuracy (p value <0.05).
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Das A, Madke B, Jakhar D, Neema S, Kaur I, Kumar P, Pradhan S. Named signs and metaphoric terminologies in dermoscopy: A compilation. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2022; 88:855-866. [PMID: 35146985 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_1047_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Das
- Department of Dermatology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Bhushan Madke
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepak Jakhar
- Department of Dermatology, North DMC Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Shekhar Neema
- Department of Dermatology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ishmeet Kaur
- Department of Dermatology, North DMC Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Piyush Kumar
- Department of Dermatology, Katihar Medical College, Katihar, Bihar, India
| | - Swetalina Pradhan
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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6
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Chauhan P, Jindal R, Errichetti E. Dermoscopy of skin parasitoses, bites and stings: a systematic review of the literature. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:1722-1734. [PMID: 35735046 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Besides classic applications, dermoscopy has gained significant appreciation also for non-tumoral dermatoses (general dermatology). In this field, skin parasitoses (infestations), bites and stings have been reported among the conditions that may benefit most from dermoscopic examination. However, published data on this topic are sparse and often lack a standardized analytical approach. In this systematic review of the literature, we sought to summarize available data on dermoscopy of cutaneous parasitoses, bites and stings, analysing dermoscopic features and used setting (polarisation or not/magnification), pathological correlation and level of evidence of published studies as well as trying to align dermoscopic terminology of reported findings following a standardized methodology. A total of 150 publications addressing 29 different dermatoses and reporting 96 different dermoscopic findings were included in the analysis. Most of the them displayed a level of evidence of V (113 single case reports and 36 case series), with only one study featuring a level of evidence of IV (case-control study). Additionally, our analysis also displayed poor uniformity in the terminology used in published articles (even for the same dermatosis). Therefore, albeit promising, dermoscopy of cutaneous parasitoses, bites and stings needs future systematized studies for a better characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Chauhan
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rashmi Jindal
- Department of Dermatology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Enzo Errichetti
- Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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7
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Bakos RM, Leite LL, Reinehr C, Escobar GF. Dermoscopy of skin infestations and infections (entomodermoscopy) - Part II: viral, fungal and other infections. An Bras Dermatol 2021; 96:746-758. [PMID: 34620527 PMCID: PMC8790190 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to the infestations and bacterial infections reported in part I, the study of entomodermoscopy also involves descriptions of dermoscopic findings of a growing number of viral and fungal infections, among others. In this article, the main clinical situations in viral infections where dermoscopy can be useful will be described, that is in the evaluation of viral warts, molluscum contagiosum, and even in recent scenarios such as the COVID-19 pandemic. As for fungal infections, dermoscopy is particularly important, not only in the evaluation of the skin surface, but also of skin annexes, such as hairs and nails. The differential diagnosis with skin tumors, especially melanomas, can be facilitated by dermoscopy, especially in the evaluation of cases of verruca plantaris, onychomycosis and tinea nigra.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leandro Linhares Leite
- Dermatology Service, Hospital São Lucas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Reinehr
- Postgraduation in Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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8
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Gioseffi A, Edelmann MJ, Kima PE. Intravacuolar Pathogens Hijack Host Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis to Secrete Virulence Factors. Front Immunol 2021; 12:662944. [PMID: 33959131 PMCID: PMC8093443 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.662944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered significant interest in recent years due to their contributions to cell-to-cell communication and disease processes. EVs are composed of a complex profile of bioactive molecules, which include lipids, nucleic acids, metabolites, and proteins. Although the biogenesis of EVs released by cells under various normal and abnormal conditions has been well-studied, there is incomplete knowledge about how infection influences EV biogenesis. EVs from infected cells contain specific molecules of both host and pathogen origin that may contribute to pathogenesis and the elicitation of the host immune response. Intracellular pathogens exhibit diverse lifestyles that undoubtedly dictate the mechanisms by which their molecules enter the cell’s exosome biogenesis schemes. We will discuss the current understanding of the mechanisms used during infection to traffic molecules from their vacuolar niche to host EVs by selected intravacuolar pathogens. We initially review general exosome biogenesis schemes and then discuss what is known about EV biogenesis in Mycobacterium, Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, and Leishmania infections, which are pathogens that reside within membrane delimited compartments in phagocytes at some time in their life cycle within mammalian hosts. The review includes discussion of the need for further studies into the biogenesis of EVs to better understand the contributions of these vesicles to host-pathogen interactions, and to uncover potential therapeutic targets to control these pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gioseffi
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mariola J Edelmann
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Peter E Kima
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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9
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Navarrete J, Cabrera R, Bunker CB, Agorio C. Dermoscopy of penile sclerosing granuloma. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/3/e239846. [PMID: 33653855 PMCID: PMC7929841 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Penile sclerosing granuloma is a foreign body reaction to the injection of material, usually for genital augmentation purposes. Patients commonly deny having had or performed these procedures on themselves, and diagnosis can be challenging. We describe the case of a 62-year-old man with a 10-year history of a growth on the penile shaft. Dermoscopic examination showed an orange background with shiny white structures, suggesting a granulomatous pathology. Guided biopsies confirmed a sclerosing lipogranuloma. The patient admitted to having self-injected motor oil. For the first time, we report the dermoscopic description of sclerosing granuloma, which will improve clinical diagnostic precision and guide biopsies. We also contribute the first description of a dermoscopic rainbow pattern in a granulomatous disorder; this could be due to a physical phenomenon called 'dichroism'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Navarrete
- Dermatology, Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile,Male Genital Dermatology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas Doctor Manuel Quintela, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Raúl Cabrera
- Dermatology, Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Caroline Agorio
- Male Genital Dermatology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas Doctor Manuel Quintela, Montevideo, Uruguay
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10
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Chauhan P, Adya KA. Dermatoscopy of Cutaneous Granulomatous Disorders. Indian Dermatol Online J 2021; 12:34-44. [PMID: 33768021 PMCID: PMC7982032 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_543_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous granulomatous disorders represent diseases with underlying granulomas on histology and are broadly divided into infectious and noninfectious disorders. Although histology is sine qua non in diagnosis of granulomatous disorders, lately dermoscopy has come up as a useful tool assisting in diagnosis of granulomatous disorder. Dermoscopy of granulomatous disorder is characterized by localized or diffuse, structureless yellowish-orange areas, along with vessels. Dermoscopic features of granulomatous disorders can be overlapping among various disorders, but detailed accurate assessment of various findings and their pattern may be useful in differentiating among them. In addition to this, peculiar dermatoscopic findings seen can also prove useful in distinguishing between various disorders. Hereby, we discuss dermatoscopic findings of various granulomatous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Chauhan
- Department of Dermatology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttrakhand, India
| | - Keshavmurthy A Adya
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
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11
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[Dermoscopy and imprint in cutaneous leishmaniasis]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 94:118-119. [PMID: 32386935 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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12
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Bhat YJ, Yaseen A, Sheikh S, Hassan I. Dermoscopy of Two Cases of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Indian J Dermatol 2020; 65:232-234. [PMID: 32565573 PMCID: PMC7292443 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_284_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen Jabeen Bhat
- Department of Dermatology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. E-mail:
| | - Atiya Yaseen
- Department of Dermatology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. E-mail:
| | - Sheema Sheikh
- Department of Patholology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iffat Hassan
- Department of Dermatology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. E-mail:
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Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is called "the great imitator," because it can mimic almost all types of dermatoses. This similarity may sometimes lead to misdiagnosis, resulting in inappropriate treatment and morbidities. Atypical forms occur due to the interaction between parasitic factors and the host immune response. Secondary infection or mistreatment of CL can also alter the natural course, resulting in bizarre and misdiagnosed cases. Atypical leishmaniasis should be considered in longstanding and painless lesions that may simulate erysipelas, dermatitis, verruca, herpes zoster, paronychia, and sporotrichosis. Less commonly, sarcoidosis, deep mycosis, basal and squamous cell carcinoma, cutaneous lymphoma, or pseudolymphomalike lesions may need to be considered in the differential diagnosis. A high index of suspicion is required to consider a diagnosis of CL, especially in nonendemic or newly endemic regions. Smear, histopathologic examination, culture, and polymerase chain reaction serve as important tools to differentiate CL from its clinical and histologic look-alikes. CL is discussed from various perspectives, with emphasis on CL and its broad differential diagnosis.
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14
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Errichetti E. Dermoscopy of Inflammatory Dermatoses (Inflammoscopy): An Up-to-Date Overview. Dermatol Pract Concept 2019; 9:169-180. [PMID: 31384489 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0903a01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its use in pigmented and nonpigmented skin tumors, dermoscopy is gaining appreciation in assisting the diagnosis of nonneoplastic diseases, especially inflammatory dermatoses (inflammoscopy). In this field, dermoscopic examination should be considered as the second step of a "2-step procedure," always preceded by the establishment of a differential diagnosis on the basis of clinical examination. In this paper, we sought to provide an up-to-date overview on the use of dermoscopy in common inflammatory dermatoses based on the available literature data. For practical purposes, the analyzed dermatoses are grouped according to the clinical presentation pattern, in line with the 2-step procedure principle: erythematous-desquamative and papulosquamous dermatoses, papulokeratotic dermatoses, erythematous facial dermatoses, sclero-atrophic dermatoses, and miscellaneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Errichetti
- Institute of Dermatology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
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15
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Vinay K, Kamat D, Chatterjee D, Narang T, Dogra S. Dermatoscopy in leprosy and its correlation with clinical spectrum and histopathology: a prospective observational study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:1947-1951. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Vinay
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, Leprology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India
| | - D. Kamat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, Leprology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India
| | - D. Chatterjee
- Department of Histopathology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India
| | - T. Narang
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, Leprology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India
| | - S. Dogra
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, Leprology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India
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Serarslan G, Ekiz Ö, Özer C, Sarıkaya G. Dermoscopy in the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Dermatol Pract Concept 2019; 9:111-118. [PMID: 31106013 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0902a06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a protozoan infectious disease. Dermoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic tool that has been applied to several skin diseases, including infestations. Objectives To determine the dermoscopic patterns of CL lesions and to investigate whether a relationship exists between dermoscopic characteristics and the disease duration, localization, and type of CL lesions. Methods Seventy-nine patients (48 male, 31 female) from Hatay, Turkey, were enrolled in the study and a dermoscopic evaluation was performed on 139 lesions. Images of CL lesions were taken via polarized light contact dermoscopy. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used for statistical analyses and P values <0.05 were considered significant. Results Generalized erythema was seen in all CL lesions. Vascular structures (94.2%), yellow tears (75.5%), and a white starburst-like pattern (58.3%) were the other most common dermoscopic features. Hyperkeratosis (P = 0.001) and white starburst-like pattern (P < 0.001) were more prevalent in the extremities than elsewhere. Among vascular structures, linear irregular (45.8%), hairpin (43.5%), and comma-shaped (25.9%) patterns were the most common dermoscopic findings. Linear irregular (P = 0.023) and arborizing vessels (P = 0.001) were observed in the head-neck region. Dotted (P = 0.009), hairpin (P < 0.001), and glomerular-like (P = 0.016) morphological findings were more prevalent in the extremities. Statistical significances in disease duration were detected in microarborizing (P = 0.027) and arborizing (P = 0.004) vessels and were most prevalent with a disease duration of >6 months. Hairpin vessels were prevalent in the plaque and nodulo-ulcerative type of lesions. Dotted vessels were most commonly seen in the plaque type (47.4%) of lesions. Conclusions Generalized erythema, yellow tears, and starburst-like patterns, as well as linear irregular, hairpin, comma-shaped, and arborizing vessels, were the most commonly detected dermoscopic features of CL lesions. We suggest that the presence of these features can be helpful when diagnosing CL lesions by dermoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Serarslan
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Özlem Ekiz
- Medical Park Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Cahit Özer
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Hatay, Turkey
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Ankad BS, Beergoudar SL, Nikam BP. Dermatoscopy in Actinomycetoma: An Observation. Indian Dermatol Online J 2019; 10:330-331. [PMID: 31149586 PMCID: PMC6536083 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_268_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Balachandra S Ankad
- Department of Dermatology, S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| | - Savitha L Beergoudar
- Department of Dermatology, S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| | - Balakrishna P Nikam
- Department of Dermatology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India
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Verzì AE, Lacarrubba F, Dinotta F, Micali G. Dermatoscopy of Parasitic and Infectious Disorders. Dermatol Clin 2018; 36:349-358. [PMID: 30201144 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of dermatoscopy in the diagnosis and management of parasitic and infectious skin disorders has been defined as entodermoscopy, and several studies have confirmed its advantages in dermatology. Dermatoscopic patterns of several parasitic, viral, and fungal skin infections have been identified and herein described. A noninvasive, fast, and accurate diagnosis plays an important role in containing the spread of contagious skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Elisa Verzì
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Francesco Lacarrubba
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Franco Dinotta
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Micali
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania 95123, Italy.
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Abstract
Although diagnosis of cutaneous granulomatous disorders (CGDs) is usually suspected based on morphologic findings, localization, and anamnestic data, clinical differentiation from each other and from similar dermatoses may be challenging. Recently, dermatoscopy has been demonstrated to be a useful tool for assisting the recognition of several CGDs. This article provides a current overview of the dermatoscopic features of the main noninfectious and infectious CGDs, including sarcoidosis, necrobiosis lipoidica, granuloma annulare, rheumatoid nodules, and leishmaniasis. Other, less common, CGDs are briefly addressed, including granulomatous rosacea, acne agminata, and leprosy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Errichetti
- Department of Medical Area, Institute of Dermatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Stinco
- Department of Medical Area, Institute of Dermatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Bustamante MLP, López JS, Campos CD, Sintes RN, Pugnaire MAF. Dermatoscopic signs in cutaneous leishmaniasis. An Bras Dermatol 2018; 92:844-846. [PMID: 29364445 PMCID: PMC5786403 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20174441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermoscopy is a non-invasive technique widely used to aid in the characterization and diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions. Recently, it has also been employed for the evaluation of non-pigmented skin tumours, and inflammatory and infectious cutaneous diseases. Although the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis is confirmed by the demonstration of amastigotes in infected skin or by the growth of promastigotes in culture medium, dermoscopy could be useful as a further diagnostic test. We report a patient with a nodular lesion located on the right cheek for almost two years. The lesion was clinically suggestive of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Dermoscopy showed yellow tears, erythema and vascular structures. The diagnosis was confirmed by the demonstration of amastigotes in a skin scraping sample.
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Errichetti E, Stinco G. Dermoscopy in General Dermatology: A Practical Overview. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2016; 6:471-507. [PMID: 27613297 PMCID: PMC5120630 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-016-0141-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, dermoscopy has been shown to be a useful tool in assisting the noninvasive diagnosis of various general dermatological disorders. In this article, we sought to provide an up-to-date practical overview on the use of dermoscopy in general dermatology by analysing the dermoscopic differential diagnosis of relatively common dermatological disorders grouped according to their clinical presentation, i.e. dermatoses presenting with erythematous-desquamative patches/plaques (plaque psoriasis, eczematous dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, mycosis fungoides and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus), papulosquamous/papulokeratotic dermatoses (lichen planus, pityriasis rosea, papulosquamous sarcoidosis, guttate psoriasis, pityriasis lichenoides chronica, classical pityriasis rubra pilaris, porokeratosis, lymphomatoid papulosis, papulosquamous chronic GVHD, parakeratosis variegata, Grover disease, Darier disease and BRAF-inhibitor-induced acantholytic dyskeratosis), facial inflammatory skin diseases (rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, discoid lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, lupus vulgaris, granuloma faciale and demodicidosis), acquired keratodermas (chronic hand eczema, palmar psoriasis, keratoderma due to mycosis fungoides, keratoderma resulting from pityriasis rubra pilaris, tinea manuum, palmar lichen planus and aquagenic palmar keratoderma), sclero-atrophic dermatoses (necrobiosis lipoidica, morphea and cutaneous lichen sclerosus), hypopigmented macular diseases (extragenital guttate lichen sclerosus, achromic pityriasis versicolor, guttate vitiligo, idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis, progressive macular hypomelanosis and postinflammatory hypopigmentations), hyperpigmented maculopapular diseases (pityriasis versicolor, lichen planus pigmentosus, Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome, Dowling-Degos disease, erythema ab igne, macular amyloidosis, lichen amyloidosus, friction melanosis, terra firma-forme dermatosis, urticaria pigmentosa and telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans), itchy papulonodular dermatoses (hypertrophic lichen planus, prurigo nodularis, nodular scabies and acquired perforating dermatosis), erythrodermas (due to psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, mycosis fungoides, pityriasis rubra pilaris and scabies), noninfectious balanitis (Zoon's plasma cell balanitis, psoriatic balanitis, seborrheic dermatitis and non-specific balanitis) and erythroplasia of Queyrat, inflammatory cicatricial alopecias (scalp discoid lupus erythematosus, lichen planopilaris, frontal fibrosing alopecia and folliculitis decalvans), nonscarring alopecias (alopecia areata, trichotillomania, androgenetic alopecia and telogen effluvium) and scaling disorders of the scalp (tinea capitis, scalp psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis and pityriasis amiantacea).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Errichetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Stinco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Dobrev HP, Nocheva DG, Vuchev DI, Grancharova RD. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis - Dermoscopic Findings And Cryotherapy. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2015; 57:65-8. [PMID: 26431097 DOI: 10.1515/folmed-2015-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a 60-year-old male patient who, three months after a holiday in Southern Greece, found a small 'pimple' on his back, which gradually got as big as a small walnut, the central part becoming ulcerated and scabby. Dermatological examination found an erythematous-to-livid nodular lesion on the right shoulder; it was 16 mm in diameter with central ulceration, covered with brownish crust which discharged pus-like secretion upon pressure. Microscope examination of Romanowsky-Giemsa stained lesion material detected amastigote forms of Leishmania tropica. The culture investigation and serological tests for leishmaniasis were negative. Dermoscopy of the lesion found the following features: erythema, hyperkeratosis, central ulceration covered with brownish crust, "yellow tears-like" structures and "white starburst-like" patterns, and various vascular structures (including dotted vessels, comma-shaped vessels, hairpin- and glomerular-like vessels). The patient was diagnosed with cutaneous leishmaniasis and underwent four cryotherapy sessions every other week with excellent therapeutic results - complete resolution of infiltrate with subsequent gentle hypopigmented scarring. In conclusion, dermoscopy is an easily accessible non-invasive method which can be useful for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Cryotherapy is the treatment of choice for single skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dimitar Iv Vuchev
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Plovdi
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Ramot Y, Nanova K, Alper-Pinus R, Zlotogorski A. Zosteriform cutaneous leishmaniasis diagnosed with the help of dermoscopy. Dermatol Pract Concept 2014; 4:55-7. [PMID: 25126460 PMCID: PMC4132000 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0403a10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is usually easy to recognize; however, several atypical features exist, which may pose a diagnostic challenge. Here we report a 55-year-old female patient, who presented with an itchy and painful eruption localized in a dermatomal distribution along the right upper chest. Although the clinical appearance of the lesions suggested the diagnosis of herpes zoster, dermoscopic evaluation revealed erythema, hyperkeratosis, burst star whitish appearance and hairpin vessels, compatible with the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Indeed, leishmania amastigotes were detected by smear from the lesions. Zosteriform presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis, as exemplified by our patient, is especially rare. In our case dermoscopy has proven to be an accessible and easy tool to diagnose such atypical presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and dermatologists in endemic areas should be familiar with its typical dermoscopic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Ramot
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Ruslana Alper-Pinus
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Zlotogorski
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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