Leung AKC, Sergi CM, Lam JM, Leong KF. Gianotti-Crosti syndrome (papular acrodermatitis of childhood) in the era of a viral recrudescence and vaccine opposition.
World J Pediatr 2019;
15:521-527. [PMID:
31134587 DOI:
10.1007/s12519-019-00269-9]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is characterized by an acute onset of a papular or papulovesicular eruption with a symmetrical distribution.
DATA SOURCES
A PubMed search was conducted using Clinical Queries with the key terms "Gianotti-Crosti syndrome" OR "papular acrodermatitis". The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews. This paper is based on, but not limited to, the search results.
RESULTS
The eruption of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is found predominantly on the cheeks, extensor surfaces of the extremities, and buttocks. There is a sparing of antecubital and popliteal fossae as well as palms, soles, and mucosal surfaces. Although often asymptomatic, the lesions may be mildly to moderately pruritic. Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is most common in children between 1 and 6 years of age. The Epstein-Barr virus and the hepatitis B virus are the most common pathogens associated with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. No treatment for Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is necessary because it is self-limited. In an era of vaccine hesitancy and refusal, Gianotti-Crosti syndrome may be important to mention to parents, because it can occur and trigger alarmism.
CONCLUSIONS
Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is mainly a disease of early childhood, characterized by an acute onset of a papular or papulovesicular eruption with a symmetrical distribution. With the advent of more universal vaccination against hepatitis B virus, Epstein-Barr virus has become the most common etiologic agent of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. Few cases of post-vaccination Gianotti-Crosti syndrome have been reported. Currently, the emphasis should be placed on its self-limiting attribution.
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