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Huang J, Wang X, Li Q, Zhang P, Jing Z, Zhang J, Su H, Sun X. Effect of Mixed Probiotics on Ovalbumin-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in Juvenile Mice. Int J Microbiol 2024; 2024:7172386. [PMID: 38590774 PMCID: PMC10999295 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7172386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common dermatologic problems, especially in children. Given the ability of symbiotic microorganisms in modulating the immune system, probiotics administration has been studied in previous research in the management of atopic dermatitis. However, there are conflicting results between studies. In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of mixed probiotics as a treatment option for atopic dermatitis induced by ovalbumin. BALB/c juvenile mice were classified and divided into the ovalbumin group, mixed probiotic group (ovalbumin + LK), and control group. Except for the control group, all mice were sensitized with ovalbumin to establish a model of atopic dermatitis. The mixed probiotics were given by gavage for 14 days. Mice body weight, skin lesions, skin inflammation, ovalbumin-specific Ig, the number of Treg and CD103+DC, and the expression level of PD-1/PD-L1 were examined. The results showed that mixed probiotics can improve body weight and alleviate skin symptoms. Mixed probiotics reduced serum Th2 inflammatory factors, eosinophils, mast cell degranulation, mast cell count, and the expression of ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E/G1 and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10, Treg cells, CD103+DC cells, and the expression level of PD-1/PD-L1. These findings suggest that mixed probiotics could be a viable treatment option for atopic dermatitis and provide insight into the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xingzhi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qiuhong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zenghui Jing
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hui Su
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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de-Apoena Reche DT, Machado NR, Fagundes BO, Bergamasco IS, de Sousa TR, do Nascimento LA, Cunha FRM, de-Oliveira MG, da-Ressureição Sgnotto F, França CN, Victor JR. IgG from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p)-atopic individuals modulates non-atopic thymic B cell phenotype (alfa-4/beta-7) and cytokine production (IFN-γ, IL-9, and IL-10) with direct membrane interaction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7274. [PMID: 38538762 PMCID: PMC10973508 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies about thymic B cells are scarce in the literature, but it was suggested that they can exert modulatory and regulatory functions on the immune system. Thymic B cells can play some role in regulating the most frequent allergic background worldwide, the atopy induced by the mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p). Here, we aimed to evaluate if the polyclonal IgG repertoire produced by Der p-atopic individuals can influence the homing and cytokine profile of human thymic B derived from non-atopic children aged less than seven days. With this purpose, we produced polyclonal IgG formulations and cultivated human thymocytes in their presence. We also assessed IgG subclasses and the direct interaction of IgG with thymic B cell membranes. Our results could demonstrate that Der p-atopic IgG could not reduce the expression of α4β7 homing molecule as observed in response to the other IgG formulations and could reduce the frequency of IFN-γ- and IL-9-producing thymic B cells compared to the mock condition. Der p-atopic IgG could also induce thymic IL-10-producing B cells compared to control conditions. The IgG derived from Der p-atopic individuals failed to diminish the population of IL-13-producing thymic B cells, unlike the reduction observed with other IgG formulations when compared to the mock condition. All IgG formulations had similar levels of IgG subclasses and directly interacted with thymic B cell membranes. Finally, we performed experiments using peripheral non-atopic B cells where IgG effects were not observed. In conclusion, our observation demonstrates that IgG induced in allergic individuals can modulate non-atopic thymic B cells, potentially generating thymic B cells prone to allergy development, which seems to not occur in mature B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolle Rakanidis Machado
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Oliveira Fagundes
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Isabella Siuffi Bergamasco
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, SP, 04829-300, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Thamires Rodrigues de Sousa
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Lais Alves do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | | | - Marilia Garcia de-Oliveira
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Carolina Nunes França
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, SP, 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Russo Victor
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, SP, 04829-300, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 500, 3rd Floor, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil.
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3
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Akhtar S, Alsayed RKME, Ahmad F, AlHammadi A, Al-Khawaga S, AlHarami SMAM, Alam MA, Al Naama KAHN, Buddenkotte J, Uddin S, Steinhoff M, Ahmad A. Epigenetic control of inflammation in Atopic Dermatitis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:199-207. [PMID: 37120405 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a common but also complex chronic, itchy skin condition with underlying inflammation of the skin. This skin ailment is prevalent worldwide and affects people of all ages, particularly children below five years of age. The itching and resulting rashes in AD patients are often the result of inflammatory signals, thus necessitating a closer look at the inflammation-regulating mechanisms for putative relief, care and therapy. Several chemical- as well as genetically-induced animal models have established the importance of targeting pro-inflammatory AD microenvironment. Epigenetic mechanisms are gaining attention towards a better understanding of the onset as well as the progression of inflammation. Several physiological processes with implications in pathophysiology of AD, such as, barrier dysfunction either due to reduced filaggrin / human β-defensins or altered microbiome, reprograming of Fc receptors with resulting overexpression of high affinity IgE receptors, elevated eosinophil numbers or the elevated IL-22 production by CD4 + T cells have underlying epigenetic mechanisms that include differential promoter methylation and/or regulation by non-coding RNAs. Reversing these epigenetic changes has been verified to reduce inflammatory burden through altered secretion of cytokines IL-6, IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, IL-22 etc, with benefit against AD progression in experimental models. A thorough understanding of epigenetic remodeling of inflammation in AD has the potential of opening avenues for novel diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Akhtar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Reem Khaled M E Alsayed
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Fareed Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Ayda AlHammadi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Sara Al-Khawaga
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | | | - Majid Ali Alam
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | | | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Medical School, Doha 24144, Qatar; Dept. of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York 10065, NY, USA.
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
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Victor JR, Nahm DH. Mechanism underlying polyvalent IgG-induced regulatory T cell activation and its clinical application: Anti-idiotypic regulatory T cell theory for immune tolerance. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1242860. [PMID: 38094290 PMCID: PMC10716439 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1242860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulatory T (Treg) cells constitute a functionally defined subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune system and maintain immune tolerance through suppression of the development of autoimmune responses to self-antigens and allergic reactions to external antigens. Reduction in the number or function of Treg cells has been suggested as a key immune abnormality underlying the development of autoimmune and allergic diseases. In vitro studies have demonstrated that purified polyvalent immunoglobulin G (IgG) from multiple healthy blood donors can exert immunomodulatory effects on Treg cells. Incubation of polyvalent human IgG with purified CD4+CD25high T cells increased the intracellular expression of interleukin (IL)-10. Intravenous administration of polyvalent human IgG induced significant expansions of CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg cells and clinical improvements in patients with autoimmune diseases. In human clinical trials, intramuscular administration of autologous total IgG significantly increased the percentage of IL-10-producing CD4+ Treg cells in the peripheral blood of healthy subjects and provided significant clinical improvements in patients with atopic dermatitis. These results suggest a clinical usefulness of polyvalent IgG-induced activation of Treg cells in human subjects. This review proposes a new hypothesis for immune tolerance mechanism by integrating the pre-existing "idiotypic network theory" and "Treg cell theory" into an "anti-idiotypic Treg cell theory." Based on this hypothesis, an "active anti-idiotypic therapy" for allergic and autoimmune diseases using autologous polyvalent IgG (as immunizing antigens) is suggested as follows: (1) Intramuscular or subcutaneous administration of autologous polyvalent IgG produces numerous immunogenic peptides derived from idiotypes of autologous IgG through processing of dendritic cells, and these peptides activate anti-idiotypic Treg cells in the same subject. (2) Activated anti-idiotypic Treg cells secrete IL-10 and suppress Th2 cell response to allergens and autoimmune T cell response to self-antigens. (3) These events can induce a long-term clinical improvements in patients with allergic and autoimmune diseases. Further studies are needed to evaluate the detailed molecular mechanism underlying polyvalent IgG-induced Treg cell activation and the clinical usefulness of this immunomodulatory therapy for autoimmune and allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Russo Victor
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dong-Ho Nahm
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Machado NR, Fagundes BO, Fernandes LA, de Oliveira ACP, Nukui Y, Casseb J, Cunha FRM, Nali LHDS, Sanabani SS, Victor JR. Differential modulation of IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ production mediated by IgG from Human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) infected patients on healthy peripheral T (CD4+, CD8+, and γδ) and B cells. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1239706. [PMID: 37711742 PMCID: PMC10498471 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1239706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infected individuals remain as asymptomatic carriers (ACs) or can develop the chronic neurological disorder HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) or the adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), and the immunological mechanisms involved in this pathologies need to be elucidated. Recently, it has been demonstrated that induced or naturally developed IgG repertoires obtained from different groups of donors, grouped by immune status, can modulate human T and B cell functions. Here we aimed to evaluate if the IgG obtained from HTLV-1-infected ACs, HAM/TSP, and ATLL patients can differentially modulate the production of cytokines by human T and B cells. With this purpose, we cultured PBMCs with IgG purified from ACs, HAM/TSP, or ATLL donors and evaluated the frequency and intracellular cytokine production by flow cytometry. Our results indicate that IgG from HAM/TSP patients could induce an augment of IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells, reduce the frequency of IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells, increase IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T cells, and reduce IL-4-producing CD8+ T cells. IgG from ATLL could reduce the frequency of IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells, similarly to IgG from HAM/TSP /TSP, and could reduce the frequency of IFN-γ-producing γδT cells without influence on IL-17- and IL4-producing γδT and could reduce the frequency of IL-10- producing B cells. Finally, IgG from both HAM/TSP and ATLL patients could reduce the frequency of IFN-γ producing B cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that these preparations are active, partly overlapping in their effects, and able to elicit distinct effects on target populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle Rakanidis Machado
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Oliveira Fagundes
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena Abreu Fernandes
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Youko Nukui
- Clinics Hospital, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Casseb
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sabri Saeed Sanabani
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-03, Clinics Hospital, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Russo Victor
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Lee SW, Park HJ, Van Kaer L, Hong S. Roles and therapeutic potential of CD1d-Restricted NKT cells in inflammatory skin diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:979370. [PMID: 36119077 PMCID: PMC9478174 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.979370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes that recognize glycolipid antigens rather than peptides. Due to their immunoregulatory properties, extensive work has been done to elucidate the immune functions of NKT cells in various immune contexts such as autoimmunity for more than two decades. In addition, as research on barrier immunity such as the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue has flourished in recent years, the role of NKT cells to immunity in the skin has attracted substantial attention. Here, we review the contributions of NKT cells to regulating skin inflammation and discuss the factors that can modulate the functions of NKT cells in inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis. This mini-review article will mainly focus on CD1d-dependent NKT cells and their therapeutic potential in skin-related immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Luc Van Kaer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Seokmann Hong
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Seokmann Hong,
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Fagundes BO, de Sousa TR, Nascimento A, Fernandes LA, Sgnotto FDR, Orfali RL, Aoki V, Duarte AJDS, Sanabani SS, Victor JR. IgG from Adult Atopic Dermatitis (AD) Patients Induces Nonatopic Neonatal Thymic Gamma-Delta T Cells (γδT) to Acquire IL-22/IL-17 Secretion Profile with Skin-Homing Properties and Epigenetic Implications Mediated by miRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6872. [PMID: 35743310 PMCID: PMC9224404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
γδT cells mature in the human thymus, and mainly produce IL-17A or IFN-γ, but can also produce IL-22 and modulate a variety of immune responses. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether IgG from AD patients (AD IgG) can functionally modulate thymic nonatopic γδT cells. Thymic tissues were obtained from 12 infants who had not had an atopic history. Thymocytes were cultured in mock condition, or in the presence of either AD IgG or therapeutic intravenous IgG (IVIg). Following these treatments, intracellular cytokine production, phenotype, and microRNA expression profiles were investigated. AD IgG could downregulate α4β7, upregulate CLA, and induce the production of IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-22 in γδT cells. Although both AD IgG and IVIg could directly interact with γδT cell membranes, AD IgG could reduce γδT cell apoptosis. AD IgG could upregulate nine miRNAs compared to IVIg, and six when compared to the mock condition. In parallel, some miRNAs were downregulated. Target gene prediction and functional analysis indicated that some target genes were enriched in the negative regulation of cellular transcription. This study shows that AD IgG influences the production of IL-17 and IL-22 by intrathymic nonatopic γδT cells, and demonstrates epigenetic implications mediated by miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Oliveira Fagundes
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (B.O.F.); (T.R.d.S.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
| | - Thamires Rodrigues de Sousa
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (B.O.F.); (T.R.d.S.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
| | - Andrezza Nascimento
- Post-Graduation Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (A.N.); (L.A.F.)
| | - Lorena Abreu Fernandes
- Post-Graduation Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (A.N.); (L.A.F.)
| | | | - Raquel Leão Orfali
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (B.O.F.); (T.R.d.S.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
| | - Valéria Aoki
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (B.O.F.); (T.R.d.S.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
| | - Alberto José da Silva Duarte
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (B.O.F.); (T.R.d.S.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
- Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Sabri Saeed Sanabani
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (B.O.F.); (T.R.d.S.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-03, Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Russo Victor
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (B.O.F.); (T.R.d.S.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
- Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Health Sciences School, Sao Paulo 04505-002, Brazil
- Medical School, Universidade Santo Amaro (UNISA), Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
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8
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de Sousa TR, Fagundes BO, Nascimento A, Fernandes LA, Sgnotto FDR, Orfali RL, Aoki V, Duarte AJDS, Sanabani SS, Victor JR. IgG from Adult Atopic Dermatitis (AD) Patients Induces Thymic IL-22 Production and CLA Expression on CD4+ T Cells: Possible Epigenetic Implications Mediated by miRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6867. [PMID: 35743308 PMCID: PMC9224968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common relapsing inflammatory skin disorder characterized by immune-mediated inflammation and epidermal barrier dysfunction. The pathogenesis of AD is multifactorial and has not been fully elucidated to date. This study aimed to evaluate whether serum IgG from adult AD patients could modulate the thymic maturation of IL-22-producing T cells and CLA+ T cells of non-atopic infants. Given that miRNAs regulate immune response genes, we evaluated whether miRNA expression is also altered in cultured thymocytes. Thymocytes were cultured with purified IgG from AD patients or control conditions (mock, Intravenous-IgG (IVIg), non-atopic IgG, or atopic non-AD IgG). Using flow cytometry analysis, we assessed the expression of CLA and intracellular levels of IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-22 on double-positive T cells (DP T), CD4 T cells, or CD8 T cells. We also investigated the frequency of IgG isotypes and their direct interaction with the thymic T cells membrane. The miRNA profiles were evaluated by the Illumina small RNA-seq approach. MiRNA target gene prediction and enrichment analyses were performed using bioinformatics. Increased frequencies of IL-22 and CLA+ producing CD4+ T cells cultured with IgG of AD patients was seen in non-atopic infant thymocytes compared to all control conditions. No alterations were observed in the frequency of IgG isotypes among evaluated IgG pools. Evidence for a direct interaction between IgG and thymic DP T, CD4 T, and CD8 T cells is presented. The small RNA-seq analysis identified ten mature miRNAs that were modulated by AD IgG compared to mock condition (miR-181b-5p, hsa-miR-130b-3p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-4497, has-miR-146a, hsa-let-7i-5p, hsa-miR-342-3p, has-miR-148a-3p, has-miR-92a and has-miR-4492). The prediction of the targetome of the seven dysregulated miRNAs between AD and mock control revealed 122 putative targets, and functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Our results enhance our understanding of the mechanism by which IgG can collaborate in thymic T cells in the setting of infant AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamires Rodrigues de Sousa
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.S.); (B.O.F.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
| | - Beatriz Oliveira Fagundes
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.S.); (B.O.F.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
| | - Andrezza Nascimento
- Post-Graduation Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (A.N.); (L.A.F.)
| | - Lorena Abreu Fernandes
- Post-Graduation Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (A.N.); (L.A.F.)
| | | | - Raquel Leão Orfali
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.S.); (B.O.F.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
| | - Valéria Aoki
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.S.); (B.O.F.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
| | - Alberto José da Silva Duarte
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.S.); (B.O.F.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
- Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Sabri Saeed Sanabani
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.S.); (B.O.F.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-03, Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Russo Victor
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar 500, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.S.); (B.O.F.); (R.L.O.); (V.A.); (A.J.d.S.D.)
- Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Health Sciences School, Sao Paulo 04505-002, Brazil
- Medical School, Universidade Santo Amaro (UNISA), Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
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9
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de Sousa TR, Sgnotto FDR, Fagundes BO, Duarte AJDS, Victor JR. Non-atopic Neonatal Thymic Innate Lymphoid Cell Subsets (ILC1, ILC2, and ILC3) Identification and the Modulatory Effect of IgG From Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus (Derp)-Atopic Individuals. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 2:650235. [PMID: 35387031 PMCID: PMC8974683 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.650235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are classified into distinct subsets termed ILC1, ILC2, and ILC3 cells. The existing literature lacks evidence identifying ILCs and their subsets in the human thymus but already demonstrates that they can exert several functions in regulating immune responses. Furthermore, it was already described that IgG's repertoires could modulate lymphocytes' maturation in the human thymus. Here we aimed to identify ILCs subsets in the human thymus and provide insight into the possible modulatory effect of purified IgG on these cells. Thymic tissues were obtained from 12 infants without an allergic background (non-atopic), and a literature-based peripheral ILCs staining protocol was used. Purified IgG was obtained from non-atopic individuals (n-At), atopic individuals reactive to allergens non-related to dust mites (nr-At), and atopic individuals reactive to the mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Derp-At). As with all tissues in which they have already been detected, thymic ILCs are rare, but we could detect viable ILCs in all tested tissues, which did not occur with the ILC1 subset. ILC2 and ILC3 NKp44+ subsets could be detected in all evaluated thymus, but ILC3 NKp44- subset could not. Next, we observed that Derp-At IgG could induce the expression of ILC2 phenotype, higher levels of IL-13, and lower levels of IL-4 when compared to IgG purified from non-atopic or non-related atopic (atopic to allergens excluding dust mites) individuals. These results contribute to the elucidation of human thymic ILCs and corroborate emerging evidence about IgG's premature effect on allergy development-related human lymphocytes' modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamires Rodrigues de Sousa
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz Oliveira Fagundes
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto José da Silva Duarte
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Russo Victor
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Medical School, Universidade Santo Amaro (Unisa), São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Alsabbagh M, Ismaeel A. The role of cytokines in atopic dermatitis: a breakthrough in immunopathogenesis and treatment. ACTA DERMATOVENEROLOGICA ALPINA PANNONICA ET ADRIATICA 2022. [DOI: 10.15570/actaapa.2022.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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de-Sousa TR, Pessôa R, Nascimento A, Fagundes BO, Sgnotto FDR, Duarte AJDS, Sanabani SS, Victor JR. Preconceptional Immunization Can Modulate Offspring Intrathymic IL-17-Producing γδT Cells with Epigenetic Implications Mediated by microRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6633. [PMID: 34205753 PMCID: PMC8234718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms through which maternal immunization can modulate offspring thymic maturation of lymphocytes are not fully understood. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether maternal OVA-immunization can inhibit the maturation of IL-17-producing γδT cells in offspring thymus, and if this mechanism has epigenetic implications mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs) expression. Wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 females were immunized with OVA in Alum or Alum alone and were mated with normal WT males. Evaluating their offspring thymus at 3 or 20 days old (d.o.), we observed that maternal OVA immunization could inhibit the thymic frequency of offspring CD27- and IL-17+ γδT cells at the neonatal and until 20 days old. Furthermore, we evaluated the expression of function-related γ and δ variable γδTCR chains (Vγ1, Vγ2, Vγ3, Vδ4, and Vδ6.3), observing that maternal OVA-immunization inhibits Vγ2 chains expression. The small RNAs (sRNAs), particularly miRNAs, and messenger RNAs (mRNA) expression profiles by pools of thymus tissue samples (from 9 to 11 mice) from offspring OVA-immunized or Alum-immunized mothers were analyzed via Illumina sequencing platform and bioinformatics approaches. Using a fold change >4, our results showed that seven miRNAs (mmu-miR-126a-3p, 101a-3p, 744-3p,142-5p, 15a-5p, 532-5p, and 98-5p) were differentially expressed between both groups. Ten target genes were predicted to interact with the seven selected miRNAs. There were no enriched categories of gene ontology functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis for the target genes. Interestingly, four of the identified miRNAs (mmu-miR-15a, mmu-miR-101 mmu-miR-126, and mmu-miR-142) are related to IL-17 production. Our data is of significance because we demonstrate that maternal immunization can modulate offspring thymic maturation of IL-17-producing γδT cells possibly by an epigenetic mechanism mediated by miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamires Rodrigues de-Sousa
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.-S.); (R.P.); (A.N.); (B.O.F.)
| | - Rodrigo Pessôa
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.-S.); (R.P.); (A.N.); (B.O.F.)
| | - Andrezza Nascimento
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.-S.); (R.P.); (A.N.); (B.O.F.)
| | - Beatriz Oliveira Fagundes
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.-S.); (R.P.); (A.N.); (B.O.F.)
| | | | | | - Sabri Saeed Sanabani
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.-S.); (R.P.); (A.N.); (B.O.F.)
| | - Jefferson Russo Victor
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (T.R.d.-S.); (R.P.); (A.N.); (B.O.F.)
- Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), School of Health Sciences, São Paulo 04505-002, Brazil
- Medical School, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
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12
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The Potential of IgG to Induce Murine and Human Thymic Maturation of IL-10+ B Cells (B10) Revealed in a Pilot Study. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102239. [PMID: 33027887 PMCID: PMC7600151 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B (B10) cells can control several inflammatory diseases, including allergies; however, the origin of peripheral B10 cells is not fully understood, and the involvement of primary lymphoid organs (PLOs) as a primary site of maturation is not known. Here, using a murine model of allergy inhibition mediated by maternal immunization with ovalbumin (OVA), we aimed to evaluate whether B10 cells can mature in the thymus and whether IgG can mediate this process. Female mice were immunized with OVA, and offspring thymus, bone marrow, spleen, lung, and serum samples were evaluated at different times and after passive transfer of purified IgG or thymocytes. A translational approach was implemented using human nonatopic thymus samples, nonatopic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and IgG from atopic or nonatopic individuals. Based on the expression of CD1d on B cells during maturation stages, we suggest that B10 cells can also mature in the murine thymus. Murine thymic B10 cells can be induced in vitro and in vivo by IgG and be detected in the spleen and lungs in response to an allergen challenge. Like IgG from atopic individuals, human IgG from nonatopic individuals can induce B10 cells in the infant thymus and adult PBMCs. Our observations suggest that B10 cells may mature in the thymus and that this mechanism may be mediated by IgG in both humans and mice. These observations may support the future development of IgG-based immunoregulatory therapeutic strategies.
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Natural Self-Ligand Gamma Delta T Cell Receptors (γδTCRs) Insight: The Potential of Induced IgG. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030436. [PMID: 32759782 PMCID: PMC7564284 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A γδ T cell acquires functional properties in response to the gamma delta T cell receptor γδTCR signal strength during its development in the thymus. The elucidation of the potential ligands of γδ T cell receptors are of extreme importance; however, they are still not understood. Here we revise the actual state of the art of candidates to exert the function of γδTCR ligands, and propose a theoretical contribution about new potential ligands of γδTCRs, based on biological and hypothetical pieces of evidence in the literature. In conclusion, we hypothetically suggest a possible role of induced antibodies according to the individual’s immune status, mainly of the IgG subclass, acting as γδTCR ligands. Considering that IgG production is involved in some essential immunotherapy protocols, and almost all vaccination protocols, our discussion opens a new and broad field to further exploration.
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