Obtaining of Chickpea Protein Isolate and its Application as Coating Enriched with Essential Oils from Satureja Hortensis and Satureja Mutica in Egg at Room Temperature

Nanoencapsulation of Oliveria decumbens Vent./basil essential oils into gum arabic/maltodextrin: Improved in vitro bioaccessibility and minced beef meat safety

This study investigated the functional properties of freeze-dried encapsulated Oliveria decumbens Vent. (OEO) and basil (BEO) essential oils (EOs) in maltodextrin/gum arabic coating solution (1:1). Nanoencapsulated EOs were evaluated in terms of size, polydispersity, encapsulation efficiency, morphology, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities (AOA and ABA), and sensory characteristics in vitro compared to the control. The TPC (30.43 to 32.41 mg GAE/g DW) and AOA (25.97 to 26.42 %) were determined in free and encapsulated OEO, and ABA was observed, which were higher than BEO. Both free and encapsulated OEO and BEO demonstrated significant ABA against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with MIC values ranging from 0.25 to 1.25 mg/mL and MBC values ranging from 1.00 to 3.00 mg/mL. In minced meat, both free and encapsulated oils effectively reduced bacterial counts during refrigerated storage, with log reductions ranging from 1.00 to 6.48 CFU/g. Additionally, the pH and thiobarbituric acid values in meat samples were better maintained with the addition of oils. Sensory analysis showed that the encapsulated oils effectively masked their natural flavor and aroma, making them suitable for incorporation into food. Finally, OEO and BEO nanocapsules can improve the standard and safety of meat products due to their antioxidant and antibacterial properties.

Plant protein-based edible films and the effect of phenolic additives

The use of protein-based films in food preservation has been investigated as an alternative to synthetic plastics in recent years. Being biodegradable, edible, natural, and upcycling from food waste/by-products are the benefits of protein-based edible films. Their use ensures food safety as an alternative to synthetic plastics, and their film-forming properties can be improved with the addition of bioactive compounds. This review summarizes the studies on the changes in certain quality parameters of plant protein-based films, including mechanical, physicochemical, or morphological properties with the use of different forms of phenolic additives (pure phenolics, phenolic extracts, essential oils) and their application in foods during storage. Phenolics affect protein film matrix formation by acting as plasticizers or cross-linking agents and confer additional health benefits by providing bioactive properties to protein films. On the other hand, the effects were more pronounced with the use of their oxidized forms or higher concentrations. Consequently, phenolic additives have great potential to improve protein films, but further studies are still required to investigate the effects and mechanisms of phenolic addition to the protein-based films.

Inspection of Capparis spinosa essential oils for quality assurance of fish burgers during refrigerated storage

Fish products are highly perishable as a result of easy spoilage by microorganism populations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Capparis spinosa essential oils (CSEOs) on physicochemical, sensory, oxidative, and microbiological attributes for fish burgers during refrigerated storage (8 days). For this purpose, CSEOs were prepared by water distillation (CS-WD), CO2 supercritical fluid (CS-SCF), subcritical water (CS-SW) to determine bioactive substances. Total phenol and flavonoid contents and also antioxidant activity were measured in CSEOs extracted by these procedures and phytochemical identification was performed through gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. These essential oils (EOs) were used at 0.2% in fish burgers, and controls (without additives) and those containing sodium erythorbate were also prepared. Physicochemical, oxidative, microbiological, and sensory functions were examined every 2 days. Phytochemicals were found in CSEOs, and the highest was related to isopropyl isothiocyanate. Addition of CSEOs led to dark, yellow and red colors for fish burgers compared with control. The manufacture of primary and secondary products in oxidation and different microorganisms in samples were significantly decreased by CSEOs compared with controls (p < .05). The antioxidant feature of the burger with CS-SCF was higher than that of the sample treated with CS-WD, but these EOs indicated almost the same antimicrobial attributes, and the lowest antioxidant and microbial activities were found for CS-SW in the fish burger. The sensory results demonstrated that CSEOs did not reduce scores, which maintained the acceptance quality of burgers during refrigerated storage. As a conclusion, CSEOs can be used as effective antioxidants and preservatives in burgers, and sensory acceptance was preserved during storage.

Antimicrobial Coating Based on Tahiti Lemon Essential Oil and Green Banana Flour to Preserve the Internal Quality of Quail Eggs

This study evaluated the microbiological and internal quality of quail eggs stored for 21 days at room temperature (29.53 ± 1.36 °C) after being coated with green banana flour and Tahiti lemon essential oil (GBF/TAH). One hundred and sixty-two quail eggs were equally distributed into three treatments: (1) uncoated eggs, (2) eggs coated with green banana flour (GBF), and (3) eggs coated with GBF/TAH. The Haugh unit (HU) of the eggs was significantly lower in the third week for uncoated eggs (70.94 ± 1.63, grade A) compared to eggs coated with GBF/TAH (81.47 ± 2.38, grade AA). On the 21st day of storage, the eggs coated with GBF/TAH had significantly lower total counts of aerobic mesophilic bacteria in the shell and egg contents compared to the other treatments. GBF/TAH coating is an effective blending approach to reduce the microbial load of the shell and egg contents and preserve the sensory and internal quality of the eggs.