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Lu Y, Lin L, Lin J, Wu B, Cai G, Wang X, Ma X. Superior detection of low-allele burden Janus kinase 2 V617F mutation and monitoring clonal evolution in myeloproliferative neoplasms using chip-based digital PCR. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:3553-3562. [PMID: 39043913 PMCID: PMC11358234 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The JAK2 V617F is a prevalent driver mutation in Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (Ph-MPNs), significantly affecting disease progression, immunophenotype, and patient outcomes. The World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines highlight the JAK2 V617F mutation as one of the key diagnostic criterions for Ph-MPNs. In this study, we analyzed 283 MPN samples with the JAK2 V617F mutation to assess the effectiveness of three detection technologies: chip-based digital PCR (cdPCR), real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Additionally, we investigated the relationship between JAK2 V617F mutant allele burden (% JAK2 V617F) and various laboratory characteristics to elucidate potential implications in MPN diagnosis. Our findings demonstrated high conformance of cdPCR with qPCR/NGS for detecting % JAK2 V617F, but the mutant allele burdens detected by qPCR/NGS were lower than those detected by cdPCR. Moreover, the cdPCR exhibited high sensitivity with a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.08% and a limit of quantification (LoQ) of 0.2% for detecting % JAK2 V617F in MPNs. Clinical implications were explored by correlating % JAK2 V617F with various laboratory characteristics in MPN patients, revealing significant associations with white blood cell counts, lactate dehydrogenase levels, and particularly β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) levels. Finally, a case report illustrated the application of cdPCR in detecting low-allele burdens in a de novo chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patient with a hidden JAK2 V617F subclone, which expanded during tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. Our findings underscore the superior sensitivity and accuracy of cdPCR, making it a valuable tool for early diagnosis and monitoring clonal evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiafei Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Beiying Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Gang Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xuefei Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Tan LL, Loganathan N, Agarwalla S, Yang C, Yuan W, Zeng J, Wu R, Wang W, Duraiswamy S. Current commercial dPCR platforms: technology and market review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022; 43:433-464. [PMID: 35291902 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2037503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) technology has provided a new technique for molecular diagnostics, with superior advantages, such as higher sensitivity, precision, and specificity over quantitative real-time PCRs (qPCR). Eight companies have offered commercial dPCR instruments: Fluidigm Corporation, Bio-Rad, RainDance Technologies, Life Technologies, Qiagen, JN MedSys Clarity, Optolane, and Stilla Technologies Naica. This paper discusses the working principle of each offered dPCR device and compares the associated: technical aspects, usability, costs, and current applications of each dPCR device. Lastly, up-and-coming dPCR technologies are also presented, as anticipation of how the dPCR device landscape may likely morph in the next few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ling Tan
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Singapore, Singapore.,Materials Science and Engineering School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nitin Loganathan
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sushama Agarwalla
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Chun Yang
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiyong Yuan
- Faculty of Materials & Energy, Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Chongqing, China
| | - Jasmine Zeng
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruige Wu
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Wang
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suhanya Duraiswamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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3
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Lee AJ, Kim SG, Nam JY, Yun J, Ryoo HM, Bae SH. Clinical features and outcomes of JAK2 V617F-positive polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia according to the JAK2 V617F allele burden. Blood Res 2021; 56:259-265. [PMID: 34801987 PMCID: PMC8721460 DOI: 10.5045/br.2021.2021089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background JAK2 mutation status is a well-known risk factor for thrombosis in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. However, the clinical usefulness of JAK2 V617F allele burden is under investigation. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the impact of the JAK2 V617F allele burden on clinical characteristics and outcomes of JAK2 V617F-positive polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). The JAK2 V617F allele burden was measured using sequencing. Results Altogether, 127 patients with JAK2 V617F mutation (PV, N=61; ET, N=66) were included in this study. JAK2 V617F allele burdens were positively correlated with white blood cell counts, hemoglobin values, lactate dehydrogenase levels, and platelet counts. The median values of JAK2 V617F allele burden in patients with PV and ET were 58% and 30%, respectively. A JAK2 V617F allele burden of ≥30%, older age, and a higher hemoglobin level were risk factors for thrombotic events in ET. In patients with PV, older age was the only thrombotic risk factor. The 8-year probabilities of overall survival (OS) were 82.9% in all patients. A high JAK2 V617F allele burden (≥58%) was associated with poor OS in patients with PV. For the patients with ET, the difference in 8-year OS based on the JAK2 V617F allele burden was not significant. Conclusion The JAK2 V617F allele burden was correlated with hematologic parameters and clinical outcomes. Assessing the JAK2 V617F allele burden can be helpful in predicting the thrombotic risk and disease course in patients with JAK2 V617F-positive PV and ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Jin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Gyung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jun Yeb Nam
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jaehum Yun
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hun-Mo Ryoo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Bae
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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4
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Barra GB, Santa Rita TH, Almeida ALSC, Jácomo RH, Nery LFA. Serum Has Higher Proportion of Janus Kinase 2 V617F Mutation Compared to Paired EDTA-Whole Blood Sample: A Model for Somatic Mutation Quantification Using qPCR and the 2 -∆∆Cq Method. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E153. [PMID: 32178286 PMCID: PMC7151023 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10030153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of the Janus Kinase-2 (JAK2) V617F mutation is a diagnostic criterion for myeloproliferative neoplasms, and high levels of mutant alleles are associated with worse outcomes. This mutation is usually tested on blood DNA by allele-specific qPCR (AS-qPCR) and measured using absolute quantification. However, some automated DNA extractions co-extracts of PCR inhibitors from blood and qPCR absolute quantification need increased efforts in order to maintain standard curves. JAK2 V617F can also be detected in serum using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), a specimen with less inhibitors and favorable to automated extractions, but ddPCR instruments are not wide available as qPCR thermocyclers. Here, we evaluate whether JAK2 V617F could be accurately quantified by AS-qPCR using the 2-∆∆Cq method on blood DNA and validate the assay using gold-standard molecular diagnostic protocols. Next, we apply the validated method to assess if the mutation could be reliably detected/quantified in serum. JAK2 V617F could be quantified by AS-qPCR using the 2-∆∆Cq method-the assay was highly accurate (bias of 1.91%) compared to a commercial kit, highly precise (total CV% of 0.40%, 1.92%, 11.12% for samples with 93%, 54%, and 2.5% of mutant allele), highly sensitive (limit of detection of 0.15%), and demonstrated a linear detection response from 1.1% to 99.9%. Serum presented a higher mutant allele burden compared to the paired whole blood (mean of 4%), which allows for an increased JAK2 mutant detection rate and favors increased JAK2 V617F high-throughput analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Barcelos Barra
- Sabin Medicina Diagnóstica, SAAN, quadra 3, lote 145/185, Brasilia 70632-300, Brazil; (T.H.S.R.); (A.L.S.C.A.); (R.H.J.); (L.F.A.N.)
- Post-Graduation in Health Science, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Ticiane Henriques Santa Rita
- Sabin Medicina Diagnóstica, SAAN, quadra 3, lote 145/185, Brasilia 70632-300, Brazil; (T.H.S.R.); (A.L.S.C.A.); (R.H.J.); (L.F.A.N.)
| | - Ana Luisa Santa Cruz Almeida
- Sabin Medicina Diagnóstica, SAAN, quadra 3, lote 145/185, Brasilia 70632-300, Brazil; (T.H.S.R.); (A.L.S.C.A.); (R.H.J.); (L.F.A.N.)
- Post-Graduation in Health Science, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Henriques Jácomo
- Sabin Medicina Diagnóstica, SAAN, quadra 3, lote 145/185, Brasilia 70632-300, Brazil; (T.H.S.R.); (A.L.S.C.A.); (R.H.J.); (L.F.A.N.)
| | - Lídia Freire Abdalla Nery
- Sabin Medicina Diagnóstica, SAAN, quadra 3, lote 145/185, Brasilia 70632-300, Brazil; (T.H.S.R.); (A.L.S.C.A.); (R.H.J.); (L.F.A.N.)
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5
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Akahoshi Y, Nakasone H, Kawamura K, Kusuda M, Kawamura S, Takeshita J, Yoshino N, Misaki Y, Yoshimura K, Gomyo A, Tanihara A, Tamaki M, Kimura SI, Kako S, Kanda Y. Detection of T315I using digital polymerase chain reaction in allogeneic transplant recipients with Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic anemia in the dasatinib era. Exp Hematol 2020; 81:60-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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TERT and JAK2 polymorphisms define genetic predisposition to myeloproliferative neoplasms in Japanese patients. Int J Hematol 2019; 110:690-698. [PMID: 31571131 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-019-02742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF), are often characterized by specific somatic mutations in any of the three genes: JAK2, CALR, or MPL. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2736100, in the reverse transcriptase gene (TERT) and a germline JAK2 46/1 haplotype have been associated with MPNs in North American and European patients. We examined 201 Japanese MPN patients, including 52 with PV, 131 with ET, and 18 with PMF, as well as 366 control individuals for TERT rs2736100 and JAK2 rs10974944, a tagging SNP of the 46/1 haplotype. Furthermore, correlations between the JAK2 V617F allele burden at diagnosis and TERT rs2736100 or JAK2 rs10974944 were evaluated using a digital PCR assay for accurate quantitation. The JAK2 46/1 haplotype, but not the TERT rs2736100 SNP, was correlated to the JAK2 V617F mutant allele burden in JAK2 V617F-positive MPN patients. In conclusion, we demonstrated that both TERT rs2736100_C and JAK2 46/1 haplotype are predisposing factors for MPNs in Japanese patients. While TERT rs2736100_C tended to have a more general, non-specific effect on all MPNs, the JAK2 46/1 haplotype was essentially predisposed to the JAK2 V617F-positive MPNs.
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7
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Gorgannezhad L, Stratton H, Nguyen NT. Microfluidic-Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Systems in Microbiology. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E408. [PMID: 31248141 PMCID: PMC6630468 DOI: 10.3390/mi10060408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, sensitive, and selective bacterial detection is a hot topic, because the progress in this research area has had a broad range of applications. Novel and innovative strategies for detection and identification of bacterial nucleic acids are important for practical applications. Microfluidics is an emerging technology that only requires small amounts of liquid samples. Microfluidic devices allow for rapid advances in microbiology, enabling access to methods of amplifying nucleic acid molecules and overcoming difficulties faced by conventional. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in microfluidics-based polymerase chain reaction devices for the detection of nucleic acid biomarkers. The paper also discusses the recent development of isothermal nucleic acid amplification and droplet-based microfluidics devices. We discuss recent microfluidic techniques for sample preparation prior to the amplification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Gorgannezhad
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane QLD 4111, Australia.
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Helen Stratton
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane QLD 4111, Australia.
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8
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Barone V, Bertoldo G, Magro F, Broccanello C, Puglisi I, Baglieri A, Cagnin M, Concheri G, Squartini A, Pizzeghello D, Nardi S, Stevanato P. Molecular and Morphological Changes Induced by Leonardite-based Biostimulant in Beta vulgaris L. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8060181. [PMID: 31216763 PMCID: PMC6630732 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Humic substances extracted from leonardite are widely considered to be bioactive compounds, influencing the whole-plant physiology and the crop yield. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of a new formulate based on leonardite in the early stage of growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). A commercial preparation of leonardite (BLACKJAK) was characterized by ionomic analysis, solid-state 13C MAS NMR spectroscopy. Seedlings of sugar beet were grown in Hoagland's solution under controlled conditions. After five days of growth, an aliquot of the concentrated BLACKJAK was added to the solution to obtain a final dilution of 1:1000 (0.5 mg C L-1). The sugar beet response in the early stage of growth was determined by evaluating root morphological traits as well as the changes in the expression of 53 genes related to key morphophysiological processes. Root morphological traits, such as total root length, fine root length (average diameter < 0.5 mm), and number of root tips, were significantly (p < 0.001) increased in plants treated with BLACKJAK, compared to the untreated plants at all sampling times. At the molecular level, BLACKJAK treatment upregulated many of the evaluated genes. Moreover, both Real Time PCR and digital PCR showed that genes involved in hormonal response, such as PIN, ARF3, LOGL 10, GID1, and BRI1, were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated by treatment with BLACKJAK. Our study provides essential information to understand the effect of a leonardite-based formulate on plant growth hormone metabolism, although the molecular and physiological basis for these complicated regulatory mechanisms deserve further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Barone
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Giovanni Bertoldo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | | | - Chiara Broccanello
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Ivana Puglisi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Andrea Baglieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Massimo Cagnin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Concheri
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Diego Pizzeghello
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Serenella Nardi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
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Furuya D, Moriai M, Murai R, Moriai R, Koizumi Y, Endo T, Asanuma K, Yanagihara N, Takahashi S. Chip-based digital polymerase chain reaction technology is useful for monitoring the JAK2 V617F allele burden in Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. Int J Lab Hematol 2019; 41:e113-e116. [PMID: 30903743 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Furuya
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mikako Moriai
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryosei Murai
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Moriai
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Koizumi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Teruo Endo
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kouichi Asanuma
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nozomi Yanagihara
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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10
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Hashiguchi J, Onozawa M, Okada K, Amano T, Hatanaka KC, Nishihara H, Sato N, Teshima T. Quantitative detection of
IKZF
1
deletion by digital
PCR
in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Lab Hematol 2018; 41:e38-e40. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Hashiguchi
- Department of HematologyFaculty of MedicineGraduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Masahiro Onozawa
- Department of HematologyFaculty of MedicineGraduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Kohei Okada
- Department of HematologyFaculty of MedicineGraduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Toraji Amano
- Clinical biobank, Clinical Research and Medical Innovation CenterHokkaido University Hospital Sapporo Japan
| | - Kanako C. Hatanaka
- Clinical biobank, Clinical Research and Medical Innovation CenterHokkaido University Hospital Sapporo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishihara
- Clinical biobank, Clinical Research and Medical Innovation CenterHokkaido University Hospital Sapporo Japan
| | - Norihiro Sato
- Clinical biobank, Clinical Research and Medical Innovation CenterHokkaido University Hospital Sapporo Japan
| | - Takanori Teshima
- Department of HematologyFaculty of MedicineGraduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
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11
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Lee E, Lee KJ, Park H, Chung JY, Lee MN, Chang MH, Yoo J, Lee H, Kong SY, Eom HS. Clinical Implications of Quantitative JAK2 V617F Analysis using Droplet Digital PCR in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Ann Lab Med 2018; 38:147-154. [PMID: 29214759 PMCID: PMC5736674 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2018.38.2.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND JAK2 V617F is the most common mutation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and is a major diagnostic criterion. Mutation quantification is useful for classifying patients with MPN into subgroups and for prognostic prediction. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) can provide accurate and reproducible quantitative analysis of DNA. This study was designed to verify the correlation of ddPCR with pyrosequencing results in the diagnosis of MPN and to investigate clinical implications of the mutational burden. METHODS Peripheral blood or bone marrow samples were obtained from 56 patients newly diagnosed with MPN or previously diagnosed with MPN but not yet indicated for JAK2 inhibitor treatment between 2012 and 2016. The JAK2 V617F mutation was detected by pyrosequencing as a diagnostic work-up. The same samples were used for ddPCR to determine the correlation between assays and establish a detection sensitivity cut-off. Clinical and hematologic aspects were reviewed. RESULTS Forty-two (75%) and 46 (82.1%) patients were positive for JAK2 V617F by pyrosequencing and ddPCR, respectively. The mean mutated allele frequency at diagnosis was 37.5±30.1% and was 40.7±31.2% with ddPCR, representing a strong correlation (r=0.9712, P<0.001). Follow-up samples were available for 12 patients, including eight that were JAK2 V617F-positive. Of these, mutational burden reduction after treatment was observed in six patients (75%), consistent with trends of hematologic improvement. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative analysis of the JAK2 V617F mutation using ddPCR was highly correlated with pyrosequencing data and may reflect the clinical response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Lee
- Center for Hematologic Malignancy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kyoung Joo Lee
- Department of System Cancer Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyein Park
- Department of System Cancer Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jin Young Chung
- Center for Hematologic Malignancy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Mi Na Lee
- Green Cross Laboratories, Yongin, Korea
| | - Myung Hee Chang
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jongha Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyewon Lee
- Center for Hematologic Malignancy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sun Young Kong
- Center for Hematologic Malignancy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.,Department of System Cancer Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
| | - Hyeon Seok Eom
- Center for Hematologic Malignancy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.,Department of System Cancer Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
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12
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Robinson S, Follo M, Haenel D, Mauler M, Stallmann D, Heger LA, Helbing T, Duerschmied D, Peter K, Bode C, Ahrens I, Hortmann M. Chip-based digital PCR as a novel detection method for quantifying microRNAs in acute myocardial infarction patients. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1217-1227. [PMID: 29188800 PMCID: PMC6289362 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs have shown promise as potential biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the current used quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) allows solely for relative expression of nucleic acids and it is susceptible to day-to-day variability, which has limited the validity of using the miRNAs as biomarkers. In this study we explored the technical qualities and diagnostic potential of a new technique, chip-based digital PCR, in quantifying the miRNAs in patients with AMI and ischaemia-reperfusion injury (I/R). In a dilution series of synthetic C.elegans-miR-39, chip-based digital PCR displayed a lower coefficient of variation (8.9% vs 46.3%) and a lower limit of detection (0.2 copies/μL vs 1.1 copies/μL) compared with qRT-PCR. In the serum collected from 24 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 20 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), we used qRT-PCR and multiplexed chip-based digital PCR to quantify the serum levels of miRNA-21 and miRNA-499 as they have been validated in AMI in prior studies. In STEMI, I/R injury was assessed via measurement of ST-segment resolution (ST-R). Chip-based digital PCR revealed a statistical significance in the difference of miR-21 levels between stable CAD and STEMI groups (118.8 copies/μL vs 59 copies/μL; P=0.0300), whereas qRT-PCR was unable to reach significance (136.4 copies/μL vs 122.8 copies/μL; P=0.2273). For miR-499 levels, both chip-based digital PCR and qRT-PCR revealed statistically significant differences between stable CAD and STEMI groups (2 copies/μL vs 8.5 copies/μL, P=0.0011; 0 copies/μL vs 19.4 copies/μL; P<0.0001). There was no association between miR-21/499 levels and ST-R post-PCI. Our results show that the chip-based digital PCR exhibits superior technical qualities and promises to be a superior method for quantifying miRNA levels in the circulation, which may become a more accurate and reproducible method for directly quantifying miRNAs, particularly for use in large multi-centre clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Robinson
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Medicine I, Lighthouse Core Facility, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Haenel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Daniela Stallmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Andreas Heger
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Helbing
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Duerschmied
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christoph Bode
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Ahrens
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Augustinerinnen Hospital, Academic Teaching Hospital University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcus Hortmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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13
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Quantitation of JAK2 V617F Allele Burden by Using the QuantStudio™ 3D Digital PCR System. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1768:257-273. [PMID: 29717448 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7778-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The JAK2 V617F mutation is highly prevalent in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Furthermore, it has been shown that its allelic burden correlates with hematologic characteristics, drug response, and clinical endpoints in MPN patients. Digital PCR is an emerging technology for sensitive mutation detection and quantitation, based on dilution and high-grade partitioning of a sample. Here, we describe the use of the nanofluidic chip-based QuantStudio™ 3D Digital PCR System for quantitation of the JAK2 V617F mutation.
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14
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Hansen SJZ, Morovic W, DeMeules M, Stahl B, Sindelar CW. Absolute Enumeration of Probiotic Strains Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM ® and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04 ® via Chip-Based Digital PCR. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:704. [PMID: 29696008 PMCID: PMC5904286 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current standard for enumeration of probiotics to obtain colony forming units by plate counts has several drawbacks: long time to results, high variability and the inability to discern between bacterial strains. Accurate probiotic cell counts are important to confirm the delivery of a clinically documented dose for its associated health benefits. A method is described using chip-based digital PCR (cdPCR) to enumerate Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04 and Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM both as single strains and in combination. Primers and probes were designed to differentiate the target strains against other strains of the same species using known single copy, genetic differences. The assay was optimized to include propidium monoazide pre-treatment to prevent amplification of DNA associated with dead probiotic cells as well as liberation of DNA from cells with intact membranes using bead beating. The resulting assay was able to successfully enumerate each strain whether alone or in multiplex. The cdPCR method had a 4 and 5% relative standard deviation (RSD) for Bl-04 and NCFM, respectively, making it more precise than plate counts with an industry accepted RSD of 15%. cdPCR has the potential to replace traditional plate counts because of its precision, strain specificity and the ability to obtain results in a matter of hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Z Hansen
- Probiotic Development, DuPont Nutrition & Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Wesley Morovic
- Genomics and Microbiome Sciences, DuPont Nutrition & Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Martha DeMeules
- Probiotic Development, DuPont Nutrition & Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Buffy Stahl
- Genomics and Microbiome Sciences, DuPont Nutrition & Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Connie W Sindelar
- Probiotic Development, DuPont Nutrition & Health, Madison, WI, United States
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15
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Ven K, Vanspauwen B, Pérez-Ruiz E, Leirs K, Decrop D, Gerstmans H, Spasic D, Lammertyn J. Target Confinement in Small Reaction Volumes Using Microfluidic Technologies: A Smart Approach for Single-Entity Detection and Analysis. ACS Sens 2018; 3:264-284. [PMID: 29363316 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, the study of cells, nucleic acid molecules, and proteins has evolved from ensemble measurements to so-called single-entity studies. The latter offers huge benefits, not only as biological research tools to examine heterogeneities among individual entities within a population, but also as biosensing tools for medical diagnostics, which can reach the ultimate sensitivity by detecting single targets. Whereas various techniques for single-entity detection have been reported, this review focuses on microfluidic systems that physically confine single targets in small reaction volumes. We categorize these techniques as droplet-, microchamber-, and nanostructure-based and provide an overview of their implementation for studying single cells, nucleic acids, and proteins. We furthermore reflect on the advantages and limitations of these techniques and highlight future opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Ven
- Department
of Biosystems, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Vanspauwen
- Department
of Biosystems, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elena Pérez-Ruiz
- Department
of Biosystems, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Leirs
- Department
of Biosystems, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Deborah Decrop
- Department
of Biosystems, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Gerstmans
- Department
of Biosystems, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department
of Applied biosciences, Ghent University, Valentyn Vaerwyckweg 1 - building
C, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Department
of Biosystems, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg
21, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dragana Spasic
- Department
of Biosystems, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- Department
of Biosystems, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Bai Y, Orfao A, Chim CS. Molecular detection of minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2017; 181:11-26. [PMID: 29265356 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significantly higher complete remission rates and improved survival achieved in the last decade, multiple myeloma (MM) patients continue to relapse due to persistence of minimal residual disease (MRD). Generally, MRD refers to persistence of low levels of disease in the order of one tumour cell in ≥105 normal cells. Currently, molecular and immunophenotypic techniques are employed for MRD detection. This review focuses on MRD detection by molecular techniques, including allele-specific oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction (ASO-PCR), next-generation sequencing (NGS) and digital PCR (dPCR), in addition to a brief description of, and comparison with, multiparameter flow cytometry. The basic principles, technical advantages and limitations, and the clinical impact of all three molecular techniques are reviewed and compared. They all have a sensitivity of at least 10-5 , among which ASO real-time quantitative PCR is the most well-standardized, and NGS carries the highest sensitivity and applicability, while dPCR is still under investigation. Furthermore, molecular MRD negativity is a favourable prognostic factor for survival of patients with MM. However, several challenges inherent to molecular detection of MRD still remain to be overcome, particularly false negativity and failure to detect extramedullary disease. Finally, detection of MRD from peripheral blood remains challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlei Bai
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca and University Hospital of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Chor Sang Chim
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Spain
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17
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Nystrand CF, Ghanima W, Waage A, Jonassen CM. JAK2 V617F mutation can be reliably detected in serum using droplet digital PCR. Int J Lab Hematol 2017; 40:181-186. [PMID: 29150911 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Detection of the JAK2 V617F mutation is a key step in the diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Sensitive real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) detection on peripheral blood (PB) is the most widely used method. The main objective of this study was to determine whether serum, the most common material available in archival biobanks, is a good liquid biopsy for detecting and quantifying the JAK2 V617F mutation using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). METHODS Paired PB and serum samples from 66 patients with MPN were used. Serum samples were frozen at -25°C before analysis. DNA was extracted from 200 μL PB and 400 μL serum, and ddPCR analysis was performed. RESULTS Among the 47 patients with detectable mutation in their PB samples, the overall sensitivity for the detection of JAK2 mutation in serum was of 96% (45 of 47); V617F was detected in all cases where mutation load was above 1%. Our results showed very strong correlation between PB and serum (Spearman r: 0.989, P < .0001). Significantly higher allele burden was detected in serum compared to PB (Wilcoxon signed ranks test, Z = -5.672, P < .0001). CONCLUSION In our study, JAK2 V617F mutation load as low as 1% was reliably detected in serum using ddPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Nystrand
- Centre for Laboratory medicine, Østfold Hospital Trust, Kalnes, Norway
| | - W Ghanima
- Department of Oncology, Østfold Hospital Trust, Kalnes, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Waage
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Haematology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - C M Jonassen
- Centre for Laboratory medicine, Østfold Hospital Trust, Kalnes, Norway.,Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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18
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Roloff GW, Lai C, Hourigan CS, Dillon LW. Technical Advances in the Measurement of Residual Disease in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. J Clin Med 2017; 6:jcm6090087. [PMID: 28925935 PMCID: PMC5615280 DOI: 10.3390/jcm6090087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Outcomes for those diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain poor. It has been widely established that persistent residual leukemic burden, often referred to as measurable or minimal residual disease (MRD), after induction therapy or at the time of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is highly predictive for adverse clinical outcomes and can be used to identify patients likely to experience clinically evident relapse. As a result of inherent genetic and molecular heterogeneity in AML, there is no uniform method or protocol for MRD measurement to encompass all cases. Several techniques focusing on identifying recurrent molecular and cytogenetic aberrations or leukemia-associated immunophenotypes have been described, each with their own strengths and weaknesses. Modern technologies enabling the digital quantification and tracking of individual DNA or RNA molecules, next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms, and high-resolution imaging capabilities are among several new avenues under development to supplement or replace the current standard of flow cytometry. In this review, we outline emerging modalities positioned to enhance MRD detection and discuss factors surrounding their integration into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory W Roloff
- Myeloid Malignances Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Catherine Lai
- Myeloid Malignances Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Christopher S Hourigan
- Myeloid Malignances Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Laura W Dillon
- Myeloid Malignances Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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19
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Tatematsu T, Okuda K, Suzuki A, Oda R, Sakane T, Kawano O, Haneda H, Moriyama S, Sasaki H, Nakanishi R. The detectability of the pretreatment EGFR T790M mutations in lung adenocarcinoma using CAST-PCR and digital PCR. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:2397-2403. [PMID: 28932544 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.07.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A gatekeeper T790M mutation is thought to cause resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment. The detection of a 2nd mutation is important for planning the next therapy when patients acquire resistance to the first line EGFR-TKI. METHODS We used a competitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (CAST-PCR) to analyze the incidence and clinical significance of T790M mutations in 153 lung adenocarcinomas with EGFR-activating mutations. To increase the sensitivity and specificity of the detection of T790M mutations, we subjected 20 of the 153 cases to a digital PCR. The genomic DNAs were extracted from frozen, surgically resected tumor tissue specimens. RESULTS The CAST-PCR detected T790M mutations in 45 (29.4%) of the 153 cases. The analytical sensitivity in the detection T790M mutations was 0.13-2.65% (average 0.27%, median 0.20%). In contrast, the digital PCR, detected T790M mutations in 8 (40%) out of 20 cases. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that the pretreatment incidence of T790M mutation was less than that reported in previous studies. In order to clinically use pretreatment EGFR T790M mutation identification method, we should clarify the adequate methods and tissue preserved status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Tatematsu
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Okuda
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayumi Suzuki
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Risa Oda
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadashi Sakane
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Osamu Kawano
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Haneda
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Moriyama
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Sasaki
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nakanishi
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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20
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Finazzi MC, Lussana F, Salmoiraghi S, Spinelli O, Rambaldi A. Detection of driver and subclonal mutations in myelofibrosis: clinical impact on pharmacologic and transplant based treatment strategies. Expert Rev Hematol 2017; 10:627-636. [PMID: 28504024 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2017.1331125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myelofibrosis (MF) is the most aggressive form among Philadelphia negative (Ph-) myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). In the last years, the mutational landscape of MF has expanded remarkably by the identification of additional recurrent mutations, called subclonal mutations. Areas covered: Here we describe the available data about the currently identified subclonal mutations and their prognostic value in MF patients. We also review the practical value of including such molecular information in available prognostic models for both outcome prediction and possibly treatment decision with regards to transplant indication. Lastly, we covered the available data on the application of molecular markers for minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring after transplantation. Expert commentary: The demonstration of the prognostic value of additional mutations suggests to define this molecular profile at diagnosis and when an allogeneic transplant can be advised, particularly in younger patients. The presence of molecular markers might offer the possibility to evaluate the depth of remission and to monitor MRD after transplantation. Prospective clinical studies are needed to validate the use of this molecular data in the routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Finazzi
- a Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII , Bergamo , Italy
| | - Federico Lussana
- a Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII , Bergamo , Italy
| | - Silvia Salmoiraghi
- a Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII , Bergamo , Italy
| | - Orietta Spinelli
- a Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII , Bergamo , Italy
| | - Alessandro Rambaldi
- a Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII , Bergamo , Italy.,b Department of Oncology and Hematology , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
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21
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Santos C, Duarte S, Tedesco S, Fevereiro P, Costa RL. Expression Profiling of Castanea Genes during Resistant and Susceptible Interactions with the Oomycete Pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi Reveal Possible Mechanisms of Immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:515. [PMID: 28443110 PMCID: PMC5387079 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The most dangerous pathogen affecting the production of chestnuts is Phytophthora cinnamomi a hemibiotrophic that causes root rot, also known as ink disease. Little information has been acquired in chestnut on the molecular defense strategies against this pathogen. The expression of eight candidate genes potentially involved in the defense to P. cinnamomi was quantified by digital PCR in Castanea genotypes showing different susceptibility to the pathogen. Seven of the eight candidate genes displayed differentially expressed levels depending on genotype and time-point after inoculation. Cast_Gnk2-like revealed to be the most expressed gene across all experiments and the one that best discriminates between susceptible and resistant genotypes. Our data suggest that the pre-formed defenses are crucial for the resistance of C. crenata to P. cinnamomi. A lower and delayed expression of the eight studied genes was found in the susceptible Castanea sativa, which may be related with the establishment and spread of the disease in this species. A working model integrating the obtained results is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Santos
- Molecular Biology Lab, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P.Oeiras, Portugal
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Lab, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (Green-it Unit), Universidade Nova de LisboaOeiras, Portugal
| | - Sofia Duarte
- Molecular Biology Lab, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P.Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sara Tedesco
- Molecular Biology Lab, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P.Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fevereiro
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Lab, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (Green-it Unit), Universidade Nova de LisboaOeiras, Portugal
- Departamento Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de LisboaCampo Grande, Portugal
| | - Rita L. Costa
- Molecular Biology Lab, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P.Oeiras, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa - Tapada da AjudaLisboa, Portugal
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22
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Kasahara N, Kenmotsu H, Serizawa M, Umehara R, Ono A, Hisamatsu Y, Wakuda K, Omori S, Nakashima K, Taira T, Naito T, Murakami H, Koh Y, Mori K, Endo M, Nakajima T, Yamada M, Kusuhara M, Takahashi T. Plasma epidermal growth factor receptor mutation testing with a chip-based digital PCR system in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2017; 106:138-144. [PMID: 28285688 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation testing is a companion diagnostic to determine eligibility for treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recently, plasma-based EGFR testing by digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR), which enables accurate quantification of target DNA, has shown promise as a minimally invasive diagnostic. Here, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a plasma-based EGFR mutation test developed using chip-based dPCR-based detection of 3 EGFR mutations (exon 19 deletions, L858R in exon 21, and T790M in exon 20). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-nine patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR-activating mutations were enrolled, and circulating free DNAs (cfDNAs) were extracted from the plasma of 21 and 28 patients before treatment and after progression following EGFR-TKI treatment, respectively. RESULTS Using reference genomic DNA containing each mutation, the detection limit of each assay was determined to be 0.1%. The sensitivity and specificity of detecting exon 19 deletions and L858R mutations, calculated by comparing the mutation status in the corresponding tumors, were 70.6% and 93.3%, and 66.7% and 100%, respectively, showing similar results compared with previous studies. T790M was detected in 43% of 28 cfDNAs after progression with EGFR-TKI treatment, but in no cfDNAs before the start of the treatment. CONCLUSION This chip-based dPCR assay can facilitate detection of EGFR mutations in cfDNA as a minimally invasive method in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimitsu Kasahara
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan; Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | | | - Masakuni Serizawa
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.
| | - Rina Umehara
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Akira Ono
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hisamatsu
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan; Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamachi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | | | - Shota Omori
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuhiko Taira
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Minami Kyushu National Hospital, 1882 Kida, Kajiki-chou, Aira, Kagoshima, 899-5293, Japan
| | - Tateaki Naito
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Koh
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Keita Mori
- Clinical Trial Coordination Office, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Masahiro Endo
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakajima
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-chou, Suntou-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masanobu Yamada
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kusuhara
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
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23
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Liu WW, Zhu Y, Feng YM, Fang J, Fang Q. Droplet-Based Multivolume Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction by a Surface-Assisted Multifactor Fluid Segmentation Approach. Anal Chem 2016; 89:822-829. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Liu
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department
of Chemistry and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling
Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department
of Chemistry and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling
Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yi-Ming Feng
- Department
of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jin Fang
- Department
of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Qun Fang
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department
of Chemistry and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling
Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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24
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Monitoring Minimal Residual Disease in the Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Current Applications and Emerging Approaches. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:7241591. [PMID: 27840830 PMCID: PMC5093244 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7241591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The presence of acquired mutations within the JAK2, CALR, and MPL genes in the majority of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) affords the opportunity to utilise these mutations as markers of minimal residual disease (MRD). Reduction of the mutated allele burden has been reported in response to a number of therapeutic modalities including interferon, JAK inhibitors, and allogeneic stem cell transplantation; novel therapies in development will also require assessment of efficacy. Real-time quantitative PCR has been widely adopted for recurrent point mutations with assays demonstrating the specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility required for clinical utility. More recently, approaches such as digital PCR have demonstrated comparable, if not improved, assay characteristics and are likely to play an increasing role in MRD monitoring. While next-generation sequencing is increasingly valuable as a tool for diagnosis of MPN, its role in the assessment of MRD requires further evaluation.
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25
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Liang J, She Y, Zhu J, Wei L, Zhang L, Gao L, Wang Y, Xing J, Guo Y, Meng X, Li P. Development and validation of an ultra-high sensitive next-generation sequencing assay for molecular diagnosis of clinical oncology. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2088-2104. [PMID: 27826616 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dramatic improvements in the understanding of oncogenes have spurred the development of molecular target therapies, which created an exigent need for comprehensive and rapid clinical genotyping. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay with increased performance and decreased cost is becoming more widely used in clinical diagnosis. However, the optimization and validation of NGS assay remain a challenge, especially for the detection of somatic variants at low mutant allele fraction (MAF). In the present study, we developed and validated the Novogene Comprehensive Panel (NCP) based on targeted capture for NGS analysis. Due to the high correlation between SNV/INDEL detection performance and target coverage, here we focused on these two types of variants for our deep sequencing strategy. To validate the capability of NCP in single-nucleotide variant (SNV) and small insert and deletion (INDEL) detection, we implemented a practical validation strategy with pooled cell lines, deep sequencing of pooled samples (>2000X average unique coverage across target region) achieving >99% sensitivity and high specificity (positive predictive value, PPV >99%) for all types of variations with expected MAF >5%. Furthermore, given the high sensitivity and that false positive may exist in this assay, we confirmed its accuracy of variants with MAF <5% using 35 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens by Quantstudio 3D Digital PCR (dPCR; Life Technologies) and obtained a high consistency (32 of 35 mutations detected by NGS were verified). We also used the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) to verify the variants with a MAF in a broad range of 2-63% detected in 33 FFPE samples and reached a 100% PPV for this assay. As a potential clinical diagnosis tool, NCP can robustly and comprehensively analyze clinical-related genes with high sensitivity and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yaoguang She
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Longgang Wei
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Lanying Zhang
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Lianju Gao
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xing
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Yang Guo
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Xuehong Meng
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Peiyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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26
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Waterhouse M, Follo M, Pfeifer D, von Bubnoff N, Duyster J, Bertz H, Finke J. Sensitive and accurate quantification of JAK2 V617F mutation in chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms by droplet digital PCR. Ann Hematol 2016; 95:739-44. [PMID: 26931113 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-016-2623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The JAK2 V617F mutation can be detected with a high frequency in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). MPN treatment efficiency can be assessed by JAK2 V617F quantification. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) is widely used for JAK2 V617F quantification. Emerging alternative technologies like digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) have been described to overcome inherent qPCR limitations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of ddPCR for JAK2 V617F quantification in patient samples with MPN. Sensitivity and specificity were established by using DNA artificial mixtures. In addition, 101 samples from 59 patients were evaluated for JAK2 V617F mutation. Limit of detection was 0.01 % for both qPCR and ddPCR. The JAK2 V617F mutation was detected in 43 out of 59 patients by both PCR platforms. However, in 14 % of the samples, JAK2 V617F mutation was detected only with ddPCR. This 14 % of discrepant samples were from patients shortly after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Percentage of JAK2 V617F mutation measured by qPCR and ddPCR in clinical samples showed a high degree of correlation (Spearman r: 0.9637 p < 0.001) and an excellent agreement assessed by Bland-Altman analysis. In conclusion, ddPCR is a suitable, precise, and sensitive method for quantification of the JAK 2 V617F mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Waterhouse
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.,Core Facility. Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.,Core Facility. Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Core Facility Genomics. Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolas von Bubnoff
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Bertz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Finke
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
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27
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Parry HM, Zuo J, Frumento G, Mirajkar N, Inman C, Edwards E, Griffiths M, Pratt G, Moss P. Cytomegalovirus viral load within blood increases markedly in healthy people over the age of 70 years. Immun Ageing 2016; 13:1. [PMID: 26734066 PMCID: PMC4700608 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-015-0056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a highly prevalent herpesvirus, which maintains lifelong latency and places a significant burden on host immunity. Infection is associated with increased rates of vascular disease and overall mortality in the elderly and there is an urgent need for improved understanding of the viral-host balance during ageing. CMV is extremely difficult to detect in healthy donors, however, using droplet digital PCR of DNA from peripheral blood monocytes, we obtained an absolute quantification of viral load in 44 healthy donors across a range of ages. RESULTS Viral DNA was detected in 24 % (9/37) of donors below the age of 70 but was found in all individuals above this age. Furthermore, the mean CMV load was only 8.6 copies per 10,000 monocytes until approximately 70 years of age when it increased by almost 30 fold to 249 copies in older individuals (p < 0.0001). CMV was found within classical CD14+ monocytes and was not detectable within the CD14-CD16+ subset. The titre of CMV-specific IgG increased inexorably with age indicating that loss of humoral immunity is not a determinant of the increased viral load. In contrast, although cellular immunity to the structural late protein pp65 increased with age, the T cell response to the immediate early protein IE1 decreased in older donors. CONCLUSION These data reveal that effective control of CMV is impaired during healthy ageing, most probably due to loss of cellular control of early viral reactivation. This information will be of value in guiding efforts to reduce CMV-associated health complications in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Parry
- />Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B152TT UK
| | - Jianmin Zuo
- />Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B152TT UK
| | - Guido Frumento
- />Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B152TT UK
| | - Nikhil Mirajkar
- />University of Birmingham Medical and Dental School, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - Charlotte Inman
- />Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B152TT UK
| | - Emma Edwards
- />Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B152TT UK
- />Charles Darwin Building, Henwick Grove, University of Worcester, Worcester, WR2 6AJ UK
| | - Mike Griffiths
- />West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratories, Birmingham Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG UK
| | - Guy Pratt
- />Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B152TT UK
| | - Paul Moss
- />Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B152TT UK
- />University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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28
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Abstract
Digital PCR is a robust PCR technique that enables precise and accurate absolute quantitation of target molecules by diluting and partitioning of the samples into numerous compartments. Automated partitioning can be attained by creating "water-in-oil" emulsion (emulsion-based digital PCR) or using a chip with microchannels (microfluidics-based digital PCR). We discuss the advantages and a wide variety of clinical applications of this technique. We describe the droplet digital RT-PCR protocol published by Jennings et al. for identification and absolute quantitation of BCR-ABL1 transcripts.
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29
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Luedtke BE, Bosilevac JM. Comparison of methods for the enumeration of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli from veal hides and carcasses. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1062. [PMID: 26483780 PMCID: PMC4586433 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased association of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) with veal calves has led the United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service to report results of veal meat contaminated with the Top 7 serogroups separately from beef cattle. However, detection methods that can also provide concentration for determining the prevalence and abundance of EHEC associated with veal are lacking. Here we compared the ability of qPCR and a molecular based most probable number assay (MPN) to detect and enumerate EHEC from veal hides at the abattoir and the resulting pre-intervention carcasses. In addition, digital PCR (dPCR) was used to analyze select samples. The qPCR assay was able to enumerate total EHEC in 32% of the hide samples with a range of approximately 34 to 91,412 CFUs/100 cm2 (95% CI 4-113,460 CFUs/100 cm2). Using the MPN assay, total EHEC was enumerable in 48% of the hide samples and ranged from approximately 1 to greater than 17,022 CFUs/100 cm2 (95% CI 0.4–72,000 CFUs/100 cm2). The carcass samples had lower amounts of EHEC with a range of approximately 4–275 CFUs/100 cm2 (95% CI 3–953 CFUs/100 cm2) from 17% of samples with an enumerable amount of EHEC by qPCR. For the MPN assay, the carcass samples ranged from 0.1 to 1 CFUs/100 cm2 (95% CI 0.02–4 CFUs/100 cm2) from 29% of the samples. The correlation coefficient between the qPCR and MPN enumeration methods indicated a moderate relation (R2 = 0.39) for the hide samples while the carcass samples had no relation (R2 = 0.002), which was likely due to most samples having an amount of total EHEC below the reliable limit of quantification for qPCR. Interestingly, after enrichment, 81% of the hide samples and 94% of the carcass samples had a detectable amount of total EHEC by qPCR. From our analysis, the MPN assay provided a higher percentage of enumerable hide and carcass samples, however determining an appropriate dilution range and the limited throughput offer additional challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon E Luedtke
- U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U. S. Meat Animal Research Center Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Joseph M Bosilevac
- U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U. S. Meat Animal Research Center Clay Center, NE, USA
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30
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Comparison of digital PCR platforms and semi-nested qPCR as a tool to determine the size of the HIV reservoir. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13811. [PMID: 26350506 PMCID: PMC4563360 DOI: 10.1038/srep13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV persists in latently infected cells of patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). This persistent proviral DNA reservoir is an important predictor of viral rebound upon therapy failure or interruption and forms a major obstacle towards cure. Accurate quantification of the low levels of persisting HIV DNA may aid patient monitoring and cure research. Digital PCR is a promising tool that enables direct absolute quantification with high sensitivity. With recent technological advances, several platforms are available to implement digital PCR in a clinical setting. Here, we compared two digital PCR platforms, the Quantstudio 3D (Life Technologies) and the QX100 (Bio-Rad) with a semi-nested qPCR on serial HIV DNA dilutions and DNA isolated from PBMCs of ART-suppressed patients. All three methods were able to detect target to the lowest levels of 2.5 HIV DNA copies. The QX100 excelled in having the least bias and highest precision, efficiency and quantitative linearity. Patient sample quantifications by the QX100 and semi-nested qPCR were highly agreeable by Bland-Altman analysis (0.01±0.32 log10). Due to the observation of false-positive signals with current digital PCR platforms however, semi-nested qPCR may still be preferred in a setup of low quantity detection to discriminate between presence or absence of HIV DNA.
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31
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Stahl T, Böhme MU, Kröger N, Fehse B. Digital PCR to assess hematopoietic chimerism after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Exp Hematol 2015; 43:462-8.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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32
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Langabeer SE, Andrikovics H, Asp J, Bellosillo B, Carillo S, Haslam K, Kjaer L, Lippert E, Mansier O, Oppliger Leibundgut E, Percy MJ, Porret N, Palmqvist L, Schwarz J, McMullin MF, Schnittger S, Pallisgaard N, Hermouet S. Molecular diagnostics of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Eur J Haematol 2015; 95:270-9. [PMID: 25951317 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the JAK2 V617F mutation in the majority of the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis ten years ago, further MPN-specific mutational events, notably in JAK2 exon 12, MPL exon 10 and CALR exon 9 have been identified. These discoveries have been rapidly incorporated into evolving molecular diagnostic algorithms. Whilst many of these mutations appear to have prognostic implications, establishing MPN diagnosis is of immediate clinical importance with selection, implementation and the continual evaluation of the appropriate laboratory methodology to achieve this diagnosis similarly vital. The advantages and limitations of these approaches in identifying and quantitating the common MPN-associated mutations are considered herein with particular regard to their clinical utility. The evolution of molecular diagnostic applications and platforms has occurred in parallel with the discovery of MPN-associated mutations, and it therefore appears likely that emerging technologies such as next-generation sequencing and digital PCR will in the future play an increasing role in the molecular diagnosis of MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hajnalka Andrikovics
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Hungarian National Blood Transfusion Service, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Julia Asp
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Serge Carillo
- Départment de Cytologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Karl Haslam
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lasse Kjaer
- Department of Hematology, Roskilde Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Eric Lippert
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Olivier Mansier
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Melanie J Percy
- Department of Haematology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Naomi Porret
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lars Palmqvist
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jiri Schwarz
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mary F McMullin
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Niels Pallisgaard
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Sylvie Hermouet
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Inserm UMR89/CNRS UMR6299, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers, Institut de Recherche en Santé de L'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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