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Rigante D, De Rosa G, Delogu AB, Rotunno G, Cianci R, Di Pangrazio C, Sodero G, Basile U, Candelli M. Hypovitaminosis D and Leukocytosis to Predict Cardiovascular Abnormalities in Children with Kawasaki Disease: Insights from a Single-Center Retrospective Observational Cohort Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1228. [PMID: 38928644 PMCID: PMC11202909 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14121228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: An aberrant immune response involving yet unidentified environmental and genetic factors plays a crucial role in triggering Kawasaki disease (KD). Aims: The aim of this study was to assess general and laboratory data at the onset of KD in a single-center cohort of children managed between 2003 and 2023 and retrospectively evaluate any potential relationship with the development of KD-related cardiovascular abnormalities (CVAs). Patients and methods: We took into account a total of 65 consecutive children with KD (42 males, median age: 22 months, age range: 2-88 months) followed at the Department of Life Sciences and Public Health in our University; demographic data, clinical signs, and laboratory variables at disease onset, before IVIG infusion, including C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, platelet count, aminotransferases, natremia, albumin, total bilirubin, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were evaluated. Results: Twenty-one children (32.3% of the whole cohort) were found to have echocardiographic evidence of CVAs. Univariate analysis showed that diagnosis of KD at <1 year or >5 years was associated with CVAs (p = 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively); patients with CVAs had a longer fever duration and mostly presented atypical or incomplete presentations. Interestingly, all patients with CVAs had lower levels of vitamin D (less than 30 mg/dL, p = 0.0001) and both higher WBC and higher neutrophil counts than those without CVAs (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.01, respectively). Moreover, blood levels of albumin were significantly lower in KD patients with CVAs compared to those without (11/21, 52% versus 13/44, 30%, p = 0.02). Multiple logistic regression with correction for sex showed that serum vitamin D < 30 ng/mL, WBC count > 20.000/mm3, and age > 60 months at KD onset were the only independent factors statistically associated with CVAs. Conclusions: Hypovitaminosis D, WBC count over 20.000/mm3, and age above 5 years at KD onset emerged as independent factors statistically associated with the occurrence of CVAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Rigante
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella De Rosa
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelica Bibiana Delogu
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Rotunno
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Pediatrics, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Di Pangrazio
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Sodero
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Basile
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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Xin Y, Yuan T, Wang J. Circulating immune cells and vitiligo: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1391186. [PMID: 38887286 PMCID: PMC11180719 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1391186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of vitiligo remains elusive. Emerging evidence suggests that vitiligo is an immune-mediated disorder, in which a plethora of immune cells play pivotal roles. However, the association between circulating immune cells and vitiligo continues to be enigmatic. Materials and methods We extracted single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with immune circulating cells at a genome-wide significance level from the BLOOD CELL CONSORTIUM's genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset. Summary data for 385,801 cases of vitiligo were obtained from a large-scale Finnish genome-wide association study (ncases=292, ncontrols=385,509). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary analytical approach for Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Additionally, heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q value, and horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated using MR-Egger Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier and leave-one-out analyses. Results The risk of vitiligo was found to increase with the elevation of 4 circulating immune cells, as evidenced by the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs): basophils (OR=1.81; 95% CI: 1.01-3.24, p=0.0450), monocytes (OR=1.67; 95% CI: 1.23-2.26, p=0.0009), eosinophils (OR=1.78; 95% CI: 1.22-2.59, p=0.0028), and neutrophils (OR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.08-2.54, p=0.0208). After removing outliers, the sensitivity analysis of the above indicators did not show heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Conclusion Our findings illuminate the association between circulating immune cells and vitiligo, offering insights that could guide clinical practices in the treatment of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yijishan Hospital affiliated with Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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Wang Q, Ma J, Gong Y, Zhu L, Tang H, Ye X, Su G, Huang F, Tan S, Zuo X, Gao Y, Yang P. Sex-specific circulating unconventional neutrophils determine immunological outcome of auto-inflammatory Behçet's uveitis. Cell Discov 2024; 10:47. [PMID: 38704363 PMCID: PMC11069589 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells that first respond to insults in circulation. Although associative evidence suggests that differences in neutrophils may be linked to the sex-specific vulnerability of inflammatory diseases, mechanistic links remain elusive. Here, we identified extensive sex-specific heterogeneity in neutrophil composition under normal and auto-inflammatory conditions at single-cell resolution. Using a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, neutrophil-specific genetic knockouts and transfer experiments, we discovered dysregulation of two unconventional (interferon-α responsive and T cell regulatory) neutrophil subsets leading to male-biased incidence, severity and poor prognosis of auto-inflammatory Behçet's uveitis. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and exosome study revealed that male-specific negative effects of both genetic factors and circulating exosomes on unconventional neutrophil subsets contributed to male-specific vulnerability to disease. Collectively, our findings identify sex-specifically distinct neutrophil subsets and highlight unconventional neutrophil subsets as sex-specific therapeutic targets to limit inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junfeng Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxing Gong
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lifu Zhu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Huanyu Tang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingsheng Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guannan Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fanfan Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyao Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianbo Zuo
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, and No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Yang P, Zhang J, Chen Z, Yi Q. A prediction model for coronary artery abnormalities in children with Kawasaki disease older than 5 years. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2024; 100:318-326. [PMID: 38182126 PMCID: PMC11065674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reliably prediction models for coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) in children aged >5 years with Kawasaki disease (KD) are still lacking. This study aimed to develop a nomogram model for predicting CAA at 4 to 8 weeks of illness in children with KD older than 5 years. METHODS A total of 644 eligible children were randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 450) and a validation cohort (n = 194). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis was used for optimal predictors selection, and multivariate logistic regression was used to develop a nomogram model based on the selected predictors. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curves, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, Brier score, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess model performance. RESULTS Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, intravenous immunoglobulin resistance, and maximum baseline z-score ≥ 2.5 were identified by LASSO as significant predictors. The model incorporating these variables showed good discrimination and calibration capacities in both training and validation cohorts. The AUC of the training cohort and validation cohort were 0.854 and 0.850, respectively. The DCA confirmed the clinical usefulness of the nomogram model. CONCLUSIONS A novel nomogram model was established to accurately assess the risk of CAA at 4-8 weeks of onset among KD children older than 5 years, which may aid clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qijian Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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5
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Arnold S, Kitching AR, Witko-Sarsat V, Wiech T, Specks U, Klapa S, Comdühr S, Stähle A, Müller A, Lamprecht P. Myeloperoxidase-specific antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. THE LANCET. RHEUMATOLOGY 2024; 6:e300-e313. [PMID: 38574743 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(24)00025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO)-specific antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis) is one of two major ANCA-associated vasculitis variants characterised by systemic necrotising vasculitis with few or no immune deposits. MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis predominantly affects small blood vessels and, in contrast to its counterpart proteinase 3-ANCA-associated vasculitis, is generally not associated with granulomatous inflammation. The kidneys and lungs are the most commonly affected organs. The pathogenesis of MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis is characterised by loss of tolerance to the neutrophil enzyme MPO. This loss of tolerance leads to a chronic immunopathological response where neutrophils become both the target and effector of autoimmunity. MPO-ANCA drives neutrophil activation, leading in turn to tissue and organ damage. Clinical trials have improved the therapeutic approach to MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis. However, there remains substantial unmet need regarding relapse frequency, toxicity of current treatment, and long-term morbidity. In this Series paper, we present the current state of research regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Arnold
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - A Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Departments of Nephrology and Pediatric Nephrology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Veronique Witko-Sarsat
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité et Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Section of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Specks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sebastian Klapa
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sara Comdühr
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anja Stähle
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Antje Müller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter Lamprecht
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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6
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Falde SD, Fussner LA, Tazelaar HD, O'Brien EK, Lamprecht P, Konig MF, Specks U. Proteinase 3-specific antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. THE LANCET. RHEUMATOLOGY 2024; 6:e314-e327. [PMID: 38574742 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(24)00035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Proteinase 3 (PR3)-specific antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis is one of two major ANCA-associated vasculitis variants and is pathogenically linked to granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). GPA is characterised by necrotising granulomatous inflammation that preferentially affects the respiratory tract. The small vessel vasculitis features of GPA are shared with microscopic polyangiitis. Necrotising granulomatous inflammation of GPA can lead to PR3-ANCA and small vessel vasculitis via activation of neutrophils and monocytes. B cells are central to the pathogenesis of PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis. They are targeted successfully by remission induction and maintenance therapy with rituximab. Relapses of PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis and toxicities associated with current standard therapy contribute substantially to remaining mortality and damage-associated morbidity. More effective and less toxic treatments are sought to address this unmet need. Advances with cellular and novel antigen-specific immunotherapies hold promise for application in autoimmune disease, including PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis. This Series paper describes the inter-related histopathological and clinical features, pathophysiology, as well as current and future targeted treatments for PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D Falde
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lynn A Fussner
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Henry D Tazelaar
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Erin K O'Brien
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter Lamprecht
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maximilian F Konig
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine & Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ulrich Specks
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA.
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La Barbera L, Rizzo C, Camarda F, Miceli G, Tuttolomondo A, Guggino G. The Contribution of Innate Immunity in Large-Vessel Vasculitis: Detangling New Pathomechanisms beyond the Onset of Vascular Inflammation. Cells 2024; 13:271. [PMID: 38334663 PMCID: PMC10854891 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) are autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases focused on vascular inflammation. The central core of the intricate immunological and molecular network resides in the disruption of the "privileged immune state" of the arterial wall. The outbreak, initially primed by dendritic cells (DC), is then continuously powered in a feed-forward loop by the intimate cooperation between innate and adaptive immunity. If the role of adaptive immunity has been largely elucidated, knowledge of the critical function of innate immunity in LVV is still fragile. A growing body of evidence has strengthened the active role of innate immunity players and their key signaling pathways in orchestrating the complex pathomechanisms underlying LVV. Besides DC, macrophages are crucial culprits in LVV development and participate across all phases of vascular inflammation, culminating in vessel wall remodeling. In recent years, the variety of potential pathogenic actors has expanded to include neutrophils, mast cells, and soluble mediators, including the complement system. Interestingly, new insights have recently linked the inflammasome to vascular inflammation, paving the way for its potential pathogenic role in LVV. Overall, these observations encourage a new conceptual approach that includes a more in-depth study of innate immunity pathways in LVV to guide future targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia La Barbera
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Section, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (L.L.B.); (C.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Chiara Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Section, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (L.L.B.); (C.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Federica Camarda
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Section, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (L.L.B.); (C.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Miceli
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Stroke, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialized Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (G.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Stroke, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialized Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (G.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Giuliana Guggino
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Section, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (L.L.B.); (C.R.); (F.C.)
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Yang P, Luan M, Li W, Niu M, He Q, Zhao Y, Chen J, Mao B, Mou K, Li P. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals peripheral immune responses in non-segmental vitiligo. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1221260. [PMID: 38077333 PMCID: PMC10702986 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1221260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitiligo is a common autoimmune depigmented dermatology due to destruction of melanocytes. Much evidence suggests that vitiligo is associated with systemic immune activation. Previous studies have focused on immune cell infiltration in and around lesion areas, but few studies have investigated the cell types and function of circulating immune cells in peripheral blood. Here, single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to investigate the mechanisms of peripheral immune responses in vitiligo patients. Methods Peripheral blood was collected from five patients with progressive non-segmental vitiligo and three healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained by Ficoll-Paque density gradient centrifugation, and scRNA-seq was performed on isolated cell populations to obtain single cell transcriptomes and characterize important genes and intracellular signaling pathways. The key findings were validated with qPCR and flow cytometry assays. Results We identified 10 major cell types by scRNA-seq. Among these cell types, neutrophils were specifically observed in our scRNA-seq data from PBMCs. Peripheral blood effector CD8+ T cells from vitiligo patients did not show significant differences at the transcriptome level compared with healthy controls, whereas regulatory T cells showed pro-inflammatory TH1-like properties. Innate immune cells, including natural killer cells and dendritic cells, showed increased antigen processing and presentation as well as upregulated interferon responses. B cells, monocytes, and neutrophils all showed activation. B cells, especially memory B cells, had upregulated expression of genes related to humoral immunity. Monocytes showed production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Neutrophils showed strong chemokine ligand-receptor (L-R) pair (CXCR8-CXCR2) autocrine signaling pathway. Conclusion This study revealed the genetic profile and signaling pathway characteristics of peripheral blood immune cells in vitiligo patients, providing new insights into its pathogenesis, which may facilitate identification of potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Yang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mei Luan
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weizhe Li
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mengtian Niu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiannan He
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Binyue Mao
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kuanhou Mou
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Pan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Tang Y, Yang D, Ma J, Wang N, Qian W, Wang B, Qin Y, Lu M, Lv H. Bioinformatics analysis and identification of hub genes of neutrophils in Kawasaki disease: a pivotal study. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:3089-3096. [PMID: 37394620 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is considered the main contributor to acquired heart diseases in developed countries. However, the precise pathogenesis of KD remains unclear. Neutrophils play roles in KD. This study aimed to select hub genes in neutrophils in acute KD. METHODS mRNA microarray of neutrophils from four acute KD patients and three healthy controls was performed to screen differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs). DE-mRNAs were analyzed and predicted by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and protein-protein interaction networks. Real time-PCR was finally conducted to confirm the reliability and validity of the expression level of DE-mRNAs from blood samples of healthy controls and KD patients in both acute and convalescent stage. RESULTS A total of 1950 DE-mRNAs including 1287 upregulated and 663 downregulated mRNAs were identified. GO and KEGG analyses revealed the DE-mRNAs were mainly enriched in the regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, apoptotic process, intracellular signal transduction, protein phosphorylation, protein transport, metabolic pathways, carbon metabolism, lysosome, apoptosis, pyrimidine metabolism, alzheimer disease, prion disease, sphingolipid metabolism, huntington disease, glucagon signaling pathway, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, pyruvate metabolism, sphingolipid signaling pathway, and peroxisome. Twenty hub DE-mRNAs were selected including GAPDH, GNB2L1, PTPRC, GART, HIST2H2AC, ACTG1, H2AFX, CREB1, ATP5A1, ENO1, RAC2, PKM, BCL2L1, ATP5B, MRPL13, SDHA, TLR4, RUVBL2, TXNRD1, and ITGAM. The real-time PCR results showed that BCL2L1 and ITGAM mRNA were upregulated in acute KD and were normalized in the convalescent stage. CONCLUSIONS These findings may improve our understanding of neutrophils in KD. Key Points • Neutrophilic BCL2L1 and ITGAM mRNA were first reported to be correlated with the pathogenic mechanism of KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No 92, Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No 92, Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No 92, Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No 92, Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No 92, Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No 92, Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No 6, Huanghe Road, Changshu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meihua Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No 6, Huanghe Road, Changshu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haitao Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No 92, Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Cassatella MA, Nauseef WM. Neutrophils and their friends. Immunol Rev 2023; 314:6-12. [PMID: 36693675 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Cassatella
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - William M Nauseef
- Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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