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Jagić K, Dvoršćak M, Tariba Lovaković B, Klinčić D. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in paired dust-breast milk samples: Levels, predictors of contamination, and health risk assessment for infants and mothers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 111:104547. [PMID: 39218329 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
An integrated study on the levels of 7 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in house dust and breast milk samples from women (N = 30) living in these households was conducted. ∑PBDEs ranged from
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Jagić
- Division of Environmental Hygiene, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, Zagreb 10001, Croatia
| | - Marija Dvoršćak
- Division of Environmental Hygiene, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, Zagreb 10001, Croatia
| | - Blanka Tariba Lovaković
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, Zagreb 10001, Croatia
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Division of Environmental Hygiene, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, Zagreb 10001, Croatia.
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Wang P, Han G, Hu J, Zhang Q, Tian L, Wang L, Liu T, Ma W, Li J, Zheng H. Remarkable contamination characteristics, potential hazards and source apportionment of heavy metals in surface dust of kindergartens in a northern megacity of China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133295. [PMID: 38134690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
It is essential to understand the impact of heavy metals (HMs) present in the surface dust (SD) of kindergartens on children, who are highly sensitive to contaminated dust in cities in their growth stage. A study was conducted on 11 types of HMs present in the SD of 73 kindergartens in Beijing. This study aims to assess the pollution levels and sources of eleven HMs in Beijing's kindergartens surface dust (KSD), and estimate the potential health risks in different populations and sources. The results indicate that Cd has the highest contamination in the KSD, followed by Pb, Zn, Ni, Ba, Cr, and Cu. The sources of these pollutants are identified as industrial sources (23.7%), natural sources (22.1%), traffic sources (30.4%), and construction sources (23.9%). Cancer risk is higher in children (4.02E-06) than in adults (8.93E-06). Notably, Cr is the priority pollutant in the KSD, and industrial and construction activities are the main sources of pollution that need to be controlled. The pollution in the central and surrounding areas is primarily caused by historical legacy industrial sites, transportation, urban development, and climate conditions. This work provides guidance to manage the pollution caused by HMs in the KSD of Beijing. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: Children within urban populations are particularly sensitive to pollutants present in SD. Prolonged exposure to contaminated SD significantly heightens the likelihood of childhood illnesses. The pollution status and potential health risks of HMs within SD from urban kindergartens are comprehensively investigated. Additionally, the contributions from four primary sources are identified and quantified. Furthermore, a pollution-source-oriented assessment is adopted to clearly distinguish the diverse impacts of different sources on health risks, and the priority pollutants and sources are determined. This work holds pivotal importance for risk management, decision-making, and environmental control concerning HMs in KSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; Nu Surficial Environment & Hydrological Geochemistry Laboratory, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; The State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guilin Han
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; Nu Surficial Environment & Hydrological Geochemistry Laboratory, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jian Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Liyan Tian
- Institute of Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Tingyi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Wenmin Ma
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; Nu Surficial Environment & Hydrological Geochemistry Laboratory, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Houyi Zheng
- General Institute of Geological Survey, China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau, Beijing 100013, PR China
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