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Hayes A, Dempsey M, Kells M, Murphy M. The relationship between social support, coping strategies and psychological distress and positive mental well-being in carers of people with borderline personality disorder. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul 2023; 10:31. [PMID: 37821995 PMCID: PMC10568807 DOI: 10.1186/s40479-023-00237-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Informal carers of people with BPD experience high levels of burden and psychological distress relative to other populations. There is a scarcity of research evidencing the influence of modifiable factors on carer outcomes to inform interventions. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social support, coping strategies and psychological distress and positive mental well-being in this carer population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 1207 carers completed the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD-Carer Version, the Brief COPE, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Kessler Psychological Distress scale, the WHO-5 Well-being Index, and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Data for 863 participants who met the inclusion criteria were analysed. RESULTS Carers reported low positive mental well-being and high psychological distress. Perceived social support and several coping strategies were significant unique predictors of psychological distress and positive mental well-being. Perceived social support and positive reframing were the strongest predictors of higher positive mental well-being and lower psychological distress. Self-blame, behavioural disengagement and substance use were the strongest predictors of adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The findings evidence modifiable factors that may be used to improve informal carer outcomes and indicate that carer interventions may be improved by focusing on reducing the use of self-blame, behavioural disengagement and substance use, and development of quality social support and skills to positively reframe caregiving situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Hayes
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Maria Dempsey
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary Kells
- Mental Health Services, Cork Kerry Community Healthcare, Health Service Executive, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mike Murphy
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Pascual-Sánchez A, Jenaro C, Montes JM. Performance of a measure to assess distress in bipolar disorder. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 16:209-214. [PMID: 32682666 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bipolar disorder is a condition that causes distress even for euthymic patients, having an impact on functional capabilities and quality of life. Personal and social variables are potential sources of distress. Yet, there is a lack of measures to identify specific distress in bipolar disorder. This study describes the development and evaluation of a brief measure for assessing distress in patients with bipolar disorder. We also identify associations with related constructs such as functioning, stigma, and personal beliefs regarding mental illness. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used a sample of 101 euthymic bipolar outpatients. Psychological assessment consisted of the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) to establish euthymia. Distress was assessed with Distress on Bipolar Patients-Short (DISBIP-S); associated variables were assessed with the Functioning Assessment Short Scale (FAST), the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI), and the Personal Beliefs about Illness Questionnaire (PBIQ). RESULTS The DISBIP-S has strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.90), and medium-high correlation coefficients with the time since last relapse (r=-0.401), predominant polarity (r=0.309), HDRS (r=-0.644), FAST (r=0.453), ISMI (r=0.789), and PBIQ (r=-0.796). Taken together, the scores on the ISMI, and PBIQ and the time since last relapse together explain 69.2% of the variability in distress. CONCLUSIONS The DISBIP-S can be used as a first step to develop interventions aimed at dealing with problematic personal beliefs and interpersonal sources of distress. Reducing distress experienced by bipolar disorder patients could help improve their quality of life and daily functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Manuel Montes
- Service of Psychiatry, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, CIBERSAM, IRYCIS, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain
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Quinlan E, Deane FP, Crowe T. Types and severity of interpersonal problems in Australian mental health carers. COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2020.1722611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elly Quinlan
- Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Frank P. Deane
- Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Trevor Crowe
- Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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Sampogna G, Luciano M, Vecchio VD, Malangone C, De Rosa C, Giallonardo V, Borriello G, Pocai B, Savorani M, Steardo L, Lampis D, Veltro F, Bartoli F, Bardicchia F, Moroni AM, Ciampini G, Orlandi E, Ferrari S, Biondi S, Iapichino S, Pompili E, Piselli M, Tortorella A, Carrà G, Fiorillo A. The effects of psychoeducational family intervention on coping strategies of relatives of patients with bipolar I disorder: results from a controlled, real-world, multicentric study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:977-989. [PMID: 29692615 PMCID: PMC5903484 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s159277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psychoeducational family intervention (PFI) has been proven to be effective in improving the levels of family burden and patients' personal functioning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders (BDs). Less is known about the impact of PFI on relatives' coping strategies in BD. Methods A multicenter, controlled, outpatient trial funded by the Italian Ministry of Health and coordinated by the Department of Psychiatry of the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" has been conducted in patients with bipolar I disorder (BD-I) and their key relatives consecutively recruited in 11 randomly selected Italian community mental health centers. We aim to test the hypothesis that PFI improves problem-oriented coping strategies in relatives of BD-I patients compared to the Treatment As Usual (TAU) group. Results The final sample was constituted of 123 patients and 139 relatives. At baseline assessment (T0), the vast majority of relatives already adopted problem-oriented coping strategies more frequently than the emotion-focused ones. At the end of the intervention, relatives receiving PFI reported a higher endorsement of adaptive coping strategies, such as "maintenance of social interests" (odds ratio [OR]=0.309, CI=0.04-0.57; p=0.023), "positive communication with the patient" (OR=0.295, CI=0.13-0.46; p=0.001), and "searching for information" (OR=0.443, CI=0.12-0.76; p=0.007), compared to TAU relatives, after controlling for several confounders. As regards the emotion-focused coping strategies, relatives receiving the experimental intervention less frequently reported to adopt "resignation" (OR=-0.380, CI=-0.68 to -0.08; p=0.014) and "coercion" (OR=-0.268, CI=-0.46 to -0.08; p=0.006) strategies, compared to TAU relatives. Conclusion PFI is effective in improving the adaptive coping strategies of relatives of BD-I patients, but further studies are needed for evaluating the long-term benefits of this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples
| | - Mario Luciano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples
| | | | - Claudio Malangone
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples
- Mental Health Centre of Ravello, Mental Health Unit, Ravello
| | - Corrado De Rosa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples
| | | | | | - Benedetta Pocai
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples
| | - Micaela Savorani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples
| | - Luca Steardo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples
| | - Debora Lampis
- Mental Health Centre of Lanusei, Mental Health Unit, Lanusei
| | | | - Francesco Bartoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza
| | | | | | - Giusy Ciampini
- Mental Health Centre of Lanciano, Mental Health Unit, Lanciano
| | | | - Silvia Ferrari
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Psychiatry, Reggio Emilia
| | - Silvia Biondi
- Mental Health Centre of Montecatini, Mental Health Unit, Montecatini
| | - Sonia Iapichino
- Mental Health Centre of Montecatini, Mental Health Unit, Montecatini
- Auditor Psychiatrist, for the activities of Clinical Risk Management and safety of treatments, Tuscany Region
| | | | | | - Alfonso Tortorella
- Department of Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza
- Division of Psychiatry, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples
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