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Elmsmari F, González Sánchez JA, Delgado LM, Espina M, Duran-Sindreu F, García ML, Sánchez-López E. Development of clobetasol-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles as an endodontic intracanal medicament. Int Endod J 2024; 57:1147-1164. [PMID: 38687284 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of current study is the development and optimization of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) to be used in the field of Endodontics as intracanal medication in cases of avulsed teeth with extended extra-oral time, utilizing PLGA polymers loaded with the anti-inflammatory drug clobetasol propionate (CP). METHODOLOGY CP-loaded nanoparticles (CP-NPs) were prepared using the solvent displacement method. CP release profile from CP-NPs was assessed for 48 h against free CP. Using extracted human teeth, the degree of infiltration inside the dentinal tubules was studied for both CP-NPs and CP. The anti-inflammatory capacity of CP-NPs was evaluated in vitro measuring their response and reaction against inflammatory cells, in particular against macrophages. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine the cytokine release of IL-1β and TNF-α. RESULTS Optimized CP-NPs displayed an average size below 200 nm and a monomodal population. Additionally, spherical morphology and non-aggregation of CP-NPs were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Interaction studies showed that CP was encapsulated inside the NPs and no covalent bonds were formed. Moreover, CP-NPs exhibited a prolonged and steady release with only 21% of the encapsulated CP released after 48 h. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, it was observed that CP-NPs were able to display enhanced penetration into the dentinal tubules. Neither the release of TNF-α nor IL-1β increased in CP-NPs compared to the LPS control, displaying results similar and even less than the TCP after 48 h. Moreover, IL-1β release in LPS-stimulated cells, decreased when macrophages were treated with CP-NPs. CONCLUSIONS In the present work, CP-NPs were prepared, optimized and characterized displaying significant increase in the degree of infiltration inside the dentinal tubules against CP and were able to significantly reduce TNF-α release. Therefore, CP-NPs constitute a promising therapy for the treatment of avulsed teeth with extended extra-oral time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Elmsmari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Luis M Delgado
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Espina
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Duran-Sindreu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa García
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Neurodegenerative Disease (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Juan Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Neurodegenerative Disease (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Juan Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Peptides, IQAC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
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Ko MJ, Kim MS, Lee HS, Nam OH, Chae YK, Choi SC. Effects of Doxycycline-Loaded NO-Releasing Nanomatrix Gel on Delayed Replanted of Rat Molar. Gels 2024; 10:213. [PMID: 38667632 PMCID: PMC11049325 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Tooth avulsion and delayed replantation may cause inflammatory responses and root resorption of the tooth. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a doxycycline-loaded nitric oxide-releasing nanomatrix (DN) gel on the delayed replantation of avulsed rat teeth, with a focus on assessing the gel's potential to promote regeneration and inhibit complications associated with the replantation process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four right maxillary first molars from male Sprague-Dawley rats were atraumatically extracted using sterile extraction forceps. The molars were dried for 1 h at room temperature (approximately 23 °C) and divided into four groups according to the root conditioning methods after extra-alveolar 60-min drying: Group 1, no root conditioning treatment prior to replantation; Group 2, soaking in 2% NaF solution for 5 min before replantation; Group 3, 5-min soaking in NO gel and injection of the gel into the alveolar socket; Group 4, 5-min soaking in DN gel and injection of the gel into the alveolar socket before replantation. The animals were euthanized four weeks after the operation and the specimens were evaluated histologically. RESULTS The use of NO gel alone showed better anti-inflammatory and periodontal effects than the control group, but it did not show a significant effect compared to the group using NaF. When using NO gel loaded with doxycycline, it showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect compared to the control group and showed a similar inhibitory effect to the group using NaF. CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this study, in delayed replantation situations, the control of inflammatory resorption and replacement resorption is an important factor for achieving a better prognosis of replanted teeth. Root surface treatment with DN gel decreased root resorption after delayed replantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ja Ko
- Children Loving Dental Clinic, Seosan 31978, Republic of Korea;
| | - Mi Sun Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyo-Seol Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.L.)
| | - Ok Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.L.)
| | - Yong Kwon Chae
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung Chul Choi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.L.)
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Evaluation of delphinidin as a storage medium for avulsed teeth. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:21. [PMID: 36641447 PMCID: PMC9840347 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delphinidin (DP), an anthocyanidin found in blueberries, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of DP as a storage medium for avulsed teeth. METHODS Human periodontal ligament cells were cultured and exposed to DP solution (10, 50, and 100 μM), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, Hank's balanced salt solution and tap water. Cell counting kit-8 assays were performed after 0.5, 1, 6, and 24 h to measure the cell viability. Nitric oxide assays and gelatin zymography were performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of DP. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS The viability of periodontal ligament cells was greatest at 100 μM DP. At 1 h, 100 μM DP decreased nitric oxide synthesis (p < .0167). Matrix metallopeptidase-9 activity was inhibited by DP in a dose-dependent manner (p < .0167). Moreover, treatment with 100 μM DP decreased the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 in periodontal ligament cells (p < .0167). CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this study, DP preserved the viability and suppressed the inflammatory response of periodontal ligament cells. These findings suggest that DP could be promising for preservation of avulsed teeth.
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Ideno H, Komatsu K, Nakashima K, Nifuji A. Tooth transplantation and replantation: Biological insights towards therapeutic improvements. Genesis 2022; 60:e23496. [PMID: 35916605 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation and replantation of teeth are effective therapeutic approaches for tooth repositioning and avulsion, respectively. Transplantation involves transplanting an extracted tooth from the original site into another site, regenerating tissue including the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone, around the transplanted tooth. Replantation places the avulsed tooth back to its original site, regenerating functional periodontal tissue. In clinical settings, transplantation and replantation result in favorable outcomes with regenerated PDL tissue in many cases. However, they often result in poor outcomes with two major complications: tooth ankylosis and root resorption. In tooth ankylosis, the root surface and alveolar bone are fused, reducing the PDL tissue between them. The root is subjected to remodeling processes and is partially replaced by bone. In severe cases, the resorbed root is completely replaced by bone tissue, which is called as "replacement resorption." Resorption is sometimes accompanied by infection-mediated inflammation. The molecular mechanisms of ankylosis and root resorption remain unclear, although some signaling mechanisms have been proposed. In this mini-review, we summarized the biological basis of repair mechanisms of tissues in transplantation and replantation and the pathogenesis of their healing failure. We also discussed possible therapeutic interventions to improve treatment success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Ideno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Komatsu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akira Nifuji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
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Aksel H, Zhu X, Gauthier P, Zhang W, Azim AA, Huang GTJ. A new direction in managing avulsed teeth: stem cell-based de novo PDL regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:34. [PMID: 35090556 PMCID: PMC8796335 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Management of avulsed teeth after replantation often leads to an unfavorable outcome. Damage to the thin and vulnerable periodontal ligament is the key reason for failure. Cell- or stem cell-based regenerative medicine has emerged in the past two decades as a promising clinical treatment modality to improve treatment outcomes. This concept has also been tested for the management of avulsed teeth in animal models. This review focuses on the discussion of limitation of current management protocols for avulsed teeth, cell-based therapy for periodontal ligament (PDL) regeneration in small and large animals, the challenges of de novo regeneration of PDL on denuded root in the edentulous region using a mini-swine model, and establishing a prospective new clinical protocol to manage avulsed teeth based on the current progress of cell-based PDL regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Aksel
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Endodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,VIP Dental Service and Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Philippe Gauthier
- Department of Endodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Département d'endodontie, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA
| | - Adham A Azim
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA.,Department of Endodontics, Arthur A Dugoni School of Dental Medicine, University of Pacific, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - George T-J Huang
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA. .,Department of Endodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. .,Cancer Research Building, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 19 S. Manassas St. Lab Rm 256, office 255, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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Silva RAB, Vieira HAO, de Gregorio C, Cohenca N, Lucisano MP, Pucinelli CM, Paula-Silva FWG, Nelson-Filho P, Romano FL, Assed Bezerra Silva L. Periodontal ligament repair after active splinting of replanted dogs' teeth. Dent Traumatol 2021; 37:758-771. [PMID: 34198370 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The high rate of root resorption resulting from tooth replantation represents a serious clinical problem. In order to prevent ankylosis and replacement resorption, the contemporary literature highlights the importance of using a flexible stabilization for traumatized teeth. For this purpose, orthodontic devices may be promising for obtaining a better prognosis and periodontal repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an active splinting protocol with controlled force in dog's teeth following replantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty premolar roots from three dogs were used. They were submitted to endodontic treatment, hemisected, atraumatically extracted and subsequently replanted. They were divided into four groups: Passive Stabilization (n = 20)-after 20 min in a dry medium; Active Stabilization (n = 20)-after 20 min in a dry medium; Negative control (n = 10)-immediate replantation and passive Stabilization; and Positive control (n = 10)-90 min of extra-alveolar time and passive Stabilization. The samples were collected and submitted to histologic processing. They were then evaluated for the count of inflammatory cells, expression of neurotrophin 4, osteoclasts, apoptotic cells and collagen fibres. The results were submitted to ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests followed by Tukey or Dunn post-tests (α = 5%). RESULTS Passive Stabilization with orthodontic brackets without traction used after replantation had the highest number of inflammatory cells (p = .0122), osteoclasts (p = .0013) and percentage of collagen fibres in the periodontal ligament (p < .0001) when compared to Active Stabilization with orthodontic brackets applying amild tensile force. Neurotrophin 4 had no statistically significant difference (p = .05), regardless of the treatment. The apoptotic cells count revealed statistical differences (p < .0001) between Active Stabilization (189.70 ± 47.99) and Positive Control (198.90 ± 88.92) when compared to Passive Stabilization (21.19 ± 32.94). CONCLUSION The active splinting protocol using orthodontic appliances generating a light and controlled force favoured periodontal ligament repair of replanted teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Assed Bezerra Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nestor Cohenca
- Department of Endodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marília Pacífico Lucisano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Maschietto Pucinelli
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Lourenço Romano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lea Assed Bezerra Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lima TCDS, Amaro RG, Dos Santos LCM, Coste SC, Silva EFE, Barbato-Ferreira DA, Colosimo EA, Silva TAD, Bastos JV. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in replanted teeth with external root resorption: A cross-sectional study. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 129:105194. [PMID: 34147732 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in replanted permanent teeth with external root resorption (ERR). DESIGN The present cross-sectional study included 42 patients with replanted permanent teeth, presenting with progressive forms of ERR, and referred for extraction according to the rehabilitation treatment plan or due to root fractures. The control group consisted of 12 healthy premolars, from 5 patients with good periodontal health and no radiographic evidence of root resorption, referred for extraction for orthodontic reasons. Root fragments were processed soon after extraction, and the supernatant was collected to measure matrix metalloproteinase 2/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2/TIMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-9/TIMP-2) complexes through a double-ligand enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Case groups with external inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) or external replacement root resorption (ERRR) showed significantly higher levels of MMP-2/TIMP-2 and MMP-9/TIMP-2 complexes than the control group. Additionally, comparisons between the case groups demonstrated that the MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex also had significantly higher levels in the ERRR group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that MMP-2 and MMP-9 participate in the pathobiology of both types of ERR. In addition, the higher levels of MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex in the ERRR group support common modulation mechanisms with physiological bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago César da Silva Lima
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roberta Gabriela Amaro
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Sylvia Cury Coste
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fernandes E Silva
- Statistics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Enrico Antônio Colosimo
- Statistics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida da Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Vilela Bastos
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Chae YK, Shin SY, Kang SW, Choi SC, Nam OH. Differential gene expression profiles of periodontal soft tissue from rat teeth after immediate and delayed replantation: a pilot study. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2021; 52:127-140. [PMID: 35505574 PMCID: PMC9064781 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2104300215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In dental avulsion, delayed replantation usually has an uncertain prognosis. After tooth replantation, complex inflammatory responses promote a return to periodontal tissue homeostasis. Various types of cytokines are produced in the inflammatory microenvironment, and these cytokines determine the periodontal tissue response. This study aimed to identify the gene expression profiles of replanted teeth and evaluate the functional differences between immediate and delayed replantation. Methods Maxillary molars from Sprague-Dawley rats were extracted, exposed to a dry environment, and then replanted. The animals were divided into 2 groups according to the extra-oral time: immediate replantation (dry for 5 minutes) and delayed replantation (dry for 60 minutes). Either 3 or 7 days after replantation, the animals were sacrificed. Periodontal soft tissues were harvested for mRNA sequencing. Hallmark gene set enrichment analysis was performed to predict the function of gene-gene interactions. The normalized enrichment score (NES) was calculated to determine functional differences. Results The hallmark gene sets enriched in delayed replantation at 3 days were oxidative phosphorylation (NES=2.82, Q<0.001) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling via the nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway (NES=1.52, Q=0.034). At 7 days after delayed replantation, TNF-α signaling via the NF-κB pathway (NES=–1.82, Q=0.002), angiogenesis (NES=–1.66, Q=0.01), and the transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathway (NES=–1.46, Q=0.051) were negatively highlighted. Conclusions Differentially expressed gene profiles were significantly different between immediate and delayed replantation. TNF-α signaling via the NF-κB pathway was marked during the healing process. However, the enrichment score of this pathway changed in a time-dependent manner between immediate and delayed replantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kwon Chae
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo Young Shin
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Choi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ok Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee SA, Park BR, Moon SM, Shin SH, Kim JS, Kim DK, Kim CS. Cynaroside protects human periodontal ligament cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced damage and inflammation through suppression of NF-κB activation. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 120:104944. [PMID: 33099251 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether cynaroside protects human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage and inflammation and to analyze the underlying mechanism. METHODS LPS was used to stimulate hPDL and RAW264.7 cells. MTT assay was used to detect cell viability, and protein expression levels were measured via western blot analysis. Nitrite oxide and prostaglandin E2 were used to quantify the inflammatory response. Alizarin Red S staining was used to detect mineralized nodules. RESULTS Cynaroside inhibited the expression of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated hPDL and RAW264.7 cells without cytotoxicity. Furthermore, cynaroside significantly suppressed LPS-induced protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase 3. Additionally, cynaroside prevented LPS-induced NF-κB p65 subunit translocation to the nucleus by inhibiting the phosphorylation and degradation of IκB-α. Moreover, cynaroside could restore the mineralization ability of hPDL cells reduced by LPS. CONCLUSION Cynaroside protected hPDL cells from LPS-induced damage and inflammation via inhibition of NF-κB activation. These results suggest that cynaroside may be a potential therapeutic agent for the alleviation of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Ah Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Park
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health and Welfare, Kyungwoon University, 730, Gangdong-ro, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Moon
- CStech Research Institute, 38 Chumdanventuresoro, Gwangju, 61007, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hun Shin
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Oral Biology Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Kyung Kim
- Oral Biology Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Sung Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
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Chu H, Li Z, Ren F, Yang Z, Wu Z, Rong M, Zhang Z. Clinical application of flap or flapless buccal surgery on the extractions of mesially/horizontally impacted 3rd molar with high or medium position impact: A comparative study. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2020; 121:490-495. [PMID: 31931184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate and compare the clinical application of flap or flapless buccal surgery on the extractions of mesially/horizontally impacted 3rd molar with high or medium position impact in terms of the average surgery duration, number of root fracture, postoperative pain degree and duration, postoperative swelling degree and duration, degree of limitation of mouth opening. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was conducted of 28 patients who were examined and underwent bilateral extraction of impacted mandibular 3rd molar. One molar was randomly extracted with flap buccal surgery (Control Group, CG) and the other one with flapless buccal surgery (Experimental Group, EG) in the same patient. RESULTS Gender distribution, average age, average surgery duration and number of root fracture between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The postoperative pain degree, swelling degree and degree of limitation of mouth opening were all significantly greater in CG than EG. Moreover, the duration of postoperative pain and swelling were all were all significantly longer in CG than EG (0.01<P<0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with the flap buccal surgery on the extractions of mesially/horizontally impacted 3rd molar with high or medium position impact, the clinical use of the flapless buccal surgery is a safe and effective method with less swelling, pain and degree of limitation of mouth opening. However, we need further study based on the broader indications, a much larger number of patients included and a follow-up in the longer term to confirm our point.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chu
- Department of Periodontics-implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Periodontics-implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - F Ren
- Oral Health Centre, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Yang
- Department of Periodontics-implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Wu
- Department of Periodontics-implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Rong
- Department of Periodontics-implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Matos FDS, do Prado RF, Khoury RD, de Oliveira LD, Valera MC, Tomson PL, Carvalho CAT. Anti-inflammatory and anti-resorptive efficacy of adrenergic blockers on late replanted rat incisors. Dent Traumatol 2019; 36:253-263. [PMID: 31647601 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM In addition to their anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenesis properties, adrenergic blockers may also have promising anti-resorptive effects that can prevent root resorption when teeth are replanted because of avulsion. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of phentolamine (Ph) and propranolol (Pr) in gels on the repair process of late replanted rat incisors. A further aim was to evaluate the biocompatibility of both drugs to human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight maxillary right incisors were extracted from male Wistar rats, stored in paper napkins for 60 minutes, and randomly allocated to one of eight groups (n = 6). The root canal, root surface, and alveolus were treated with 0.75 µg/mL Ph gel (Ph0.75), 10 µg/mL Ph gel (Ph10), 100 µg/mL Ph gel (Ph100), 2.5 µg/mL Pr gel (Pr2.5), 10 µg/mL Pr gel (Pr10), 100 µg/mL Pr gel (Pr100), or sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel (CMC) before replantation. In the control group (CH), only the root canal was treated with calcium hydroxide paste. Thirty days following surgery, the animals were euthanized, and the right hemimaxilla was removed to perform micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis to determine osteoclastic activity. Ethanolic solutions of Ph10 and Pr10 were selected based on the in vivo study, and the viability of HPDLFs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide was determined by MTT assays. RESULTS The micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis revealed no significant differences among the treatments (P > .05). The presence of active osteoclasts was significantly decreased in the Ph10 and Pr10 groups (P < .05). Ph10 and Pr10 produced statistically similar cell survival rates compared to the control group (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Ph10 and Pr10 significantly decreased osteoclastogenesis in delayed replanted rat teeth and were not cytotoxic toward HPDLFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe de Souza Matos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Renata Falchete do Prado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Rayana Duarte Khoury
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Marcia Carneiro Valera
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Phillip Leo Tomson
- Department of Oral Biology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The University of Birmingham School of Dentistry, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
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Nam OH, Oh TJ, Lee JH, Hwang YS, Choi SC. Differential gene expression profiles of human periodontal ligament cells preserved in Hank's balanced salt solution and milk. Dent Traumatol 2019; 36:58-68. [PMID: 31050380 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Various types of storage media have been investigated to preserve avulsed teeth. However, the efficacies of storage media mainly focus on the aspect of cell viability. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the gene expression profiles of human periodontal ligament cells preserved in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) and milk over different storage durations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human periodontal ligament cells were cultured and preserved in HBSS and milk for 3 and 6 hours. Next, total RNA was isolated. QuantSeq 3' mRNA-Sequencing was used to examine differences in gene expression in HBSS- and milk-grown periodontal ligament cells. Bioinformatics analysis was also performed to predict the function of the differentially expressed genes. RESULTS The number of differentially expressed genes shared among all groups was 101. In gene set enrichment analysis, the shared differentially expressed genes in HBSS and milk were associated with the TNF-α signaling pathway (P = 1.07E-7 ). Seven hallmark gene sets were also identified in HBSS. Moreover, hallmark gene sets associated with hypoxia (P = 7.26E-5 ) and apoptosis (P = 4.06E-4 ) were identified in HBSS. In milk, 10 hallmark gene sets along with gene sets for inflammatory response (P = 6.87E-3 ) were identified. CONCLUSIONS Compared to those in milk, genes in HBSS were differentially expressed with increasing storage duration, suggesting that diverse and different gene expression may be involved in HBSS and milk. However, a more detailed functional analysis of these differentially expressed genes in storage solutions should be performed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Jun Oh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Lee
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Shik Hwang
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Choi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Nam OH, Cheon K, Kim MS, Lee HS, Choi SC. Evaluation of the periodontal and pulpal healing of replanted rat molars with doxycycline root conditioning. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2019; 49:148-157. [PMID: 31285939 PMCID: PMC6599750 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2019.49.3.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate periodontal and pulpal healing in replanted rat teeth, preserved under different storage conditions, with or without root conditioning using doxycycline. Methods A total of 40 maxillary first molars extracted from 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were stored for different durations under different conditions (5 minutes in dry storage and 60 minutes in Hank's balanced salt solution [HBSS]) and subsequently replanted. The rats were divided into 2 groups based on the use of root surface treatment: the doxycycline group (root surface treated with doxycycline) and the control group (no doxycycline treatment). Eight weeks after replantation, the animals were sacrificed, and the teeth were evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometric analysis. Results In the micro-CT analysis, the doxycycline group showed the same rate of occurrence of periapical radiolucency as was observed in the control group, but a lower degree of root resorption in teeth replanted after 60 minutes of storage in HBSS (P<0.05). In the histomorphometric analysis, the doxycycline group exhibited no improvement in either pulpal or periodontal healing of the replanted tooth after 5 minutes of dry storage, but showed a lower grade of surface root resorption (1.37±0.77) and inflammatory resorption in the teeth stored for 60 minutes in HBSS (1.33±0.71). Conclusions In conclusion, doxycycline improved the periodontal healing of replanted teeth stored for 60 minutes in HBSS, whereas doxycycline did not improve periodontal healing of replanted tooth after 5 minutes of dry storage. Within the limits of this study, doxycycline showed more favorable periodontal healing despite delayed replantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyounga Cheon
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mi Sun Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Seol Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Choi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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