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Wang X, He B. Insight into endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular disease: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107309. [PMID: 39009292 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The endothelium is crucial in regulating vascular function. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as membranous structures released by cells to facilitate intercellular communication through the delivery of nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins to recipient cells in an paracrine or endocrine manner. Endothelial cell-derived EVs (EndoEVs) have been identified as both biomarkers and significant contributors to the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The impact of EndoEVs on CVD is complex and contingent upon the condition of donor cells, the molecular cargo within EVs, and the characteristics of recipient cells. Consequently, elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms of EndoEVs is crucial for comprehending their contributions to CVD. Moreover, a thorough understanding of the composition and function of EndoEVs is imperative for their potential clinical utility. This review aims provide an up-to-date overview of EndoEVs in the context of physiology and pathophysiology, as well as to discuss their prospective clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, China
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, China.
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Ogura Y, Miyoshi H, Yoshida S, Arakawa F, Takeuchi M, Nakama K, Matsuura M, Takada H, Yamanaka Y, Hiraoka K, Ohshima K. Comprehensive gene expression analysis using RNA sequencing between male and female patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. J Orthop Res 2024. [PMID: 38855962 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common entrapment neuropathy in hand surgery, and it is characterized by Noninflammatory fibrosis of subsynovial connective tissues. The prevalence and incidence differ between male and female individuals, and the mechanism underlying this difference remains largely unclear. In the present study, we collected subsynovial connective tissues from six male and six female patients diagnosed with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome during surgery. We performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis using RNA sequencing to compare the gene expression profiles between male and female patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. We identified 26 genes with significantly different expressions between male and female patients, in which POSTN, COL1A1, and COL3A1, which are involved in extracellular matrix organization, and IGF1, an important fibrotic factor, were significantly upregulated in male patients. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the expression of proteins encoded by these genes in tissues, and male patients tended to show increased POSTN expression. Our results indicate that fibrosis of subsynovial connective tissues is induced by different mechanisms in male and female patients, and genes involved in extracellular matrix organization, especially POSTN, might be important factors in male patients. This study provides insight into the pathogenesis of idiopathic carpal syndrome and might contribute to the development of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ogura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shiro Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Fumiko Arakawa
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mai Takeuchi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Nakama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kawasaki Hospital, Yame, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Matsuura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Takada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yamanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Koji Hiraoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Percival KM, Paul V, Husseini GA. Recent Advancements in Bone Tissue Engineering: Integrating Smart Scaffold Technologies and Bio-Responsive Systems for Enhanced Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6012. [PMID: 38892199 PMCID: PMC11172494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In exploring the challenges of bone repair and regeneration, this review evaluates the potential of bone tissue engineering (BTE) as a viable alternative to traditional methods, such as autografts and allografts. Key developments in biomaterials and scaffold fabrication techniques, such as additive manufacturing and cell and bioactive molecule-laden scaffolds, are discussed, along with the integration of bio-responsive scaffolds, which can respond to physical and chemical stimuli. These advancements collectively aim to mimic the natural microenvironment of bone, thereby enhancing osteogenesis and facilitating the formation of new tissue. Through a comprehensive combination of in vitro and in vivo studies, we scrutinize the biocompatibility, osteoinductivity, and osteoconductivity of these engineered scaffolds, as well as their interactions with critical cellular players in bone healing processes. Findings from scaffold fabrication techniques and bio-responsive scaffolds indicate that incorporating nanostructured materials and bioactive compounds is particularly effective in promoting the recruitment and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells. The therapeutic potential of these advanced biomaterials in clinical settings is widely recognized and the paper advocates continued research into multi-responsive scaffold systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Percival
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (K.M.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Vinod Paul
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (K.M.P.); (V.P.)
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (K.M.P.); (V.P.)
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
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Hart DA, Ahmed AS, Chen J, Ackermann PW. Optimizing tendon repair and regeneration: how does the in vivo environment shape outcomes following rupture of a tendon such as the Achilles tendon? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1357871. [PMID: 38433820 PMCID: PMC10905747 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1357871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Risk for rupture of the Achilles tendon, and other tendons increases with age. Such injuries of tissues that function in high load environments generally are believed to heal with variable outcome. However, in many cases, the healing does not lead to a good outcome and the patient cannot return to the previous level of participation in active living activities, including sports. In the past few years, using proteomic approaches and other biological techniques, reports have appeared that identify biomarkers that are prognostic of good outcomes from healing, and others that are destined for poor outcomes using validated criteria at 1-year post injury. This review will discuss some of these recent findings and their potential implications for improving outcomes following connective tissue injuries, as well as implications for how clinical research and clinical trials may be conducted in the future where the goal is to assess the impact of specific interventions on the healing process, as well as focusing the emphasis on regeneration and not just repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Hart
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Kinesiology, McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aisha S. Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Paul W. Ackermann
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Shahid H, Morya VK, Oh JU, Kim JH, Noh KC. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor and Oxidative Stress in Tendon Degeneration: A Molecular Perspective. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:86. [PMID: 38247510 PMCID: PMC10812560 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is a debilitating condition marked by degenerative changes in the tendons. Its complex pathophysiology involves intrinsic, extrinsic, and physiological factors. While its intrinsic and extrinsic factors have been extensively studied, the role of physiological factors, such as hypoxia and oxidative stress, remains largely unexplored. This review article delves into the contribution of hypoxia-associated genes and oxidative-stress-related factors to tendon degeneration, offering insights into potential therapeutic strategies. The unique aspect of this study lies in its pathway-based evidence, which sheds light on how these factors can be targeted to enhance overall tendon health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Shahid
- Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Hwaseong-si 18450, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (J.-H.K.)
- School of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon City 24252, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Vivek Kumar Morya
- Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Hwaseong-si 18450, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (J.-H.K.)
| | - Ji-Ung Oh
- Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Hwaseong-si 18450, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jae-Hyung Kim
- Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Hwaseong-si 18450, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (J.-H.K.)
| | - Kyu-Cheol Noh
- Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Hwaseong-si 18450, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (J.-H.K.)
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Bai L, Song P, Su J. Bioactive elements manipulate bone regeneration. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2023; 4:248-269. [PMID: 38282709 PMCID: PMC10817798 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
While bone tissue is known for its inherent regenerative abilities, various pathological conditions and trauma can disrupt its meticulously regulated processes of bone formation and resorption. Bone tissue engineering aims to replicate the extracellular matrix of bone tissue as well as the sophisticated biochemical mechanisms crucial for effective regeneration. Traditionally, the field has relied on external agents like growth factors and pharmaceuticals to modulate these processes. Although efficacious in certain scenarios, this strategy is compromised by limitations such as safety issues and the transient nature of the compound release and half-life. Conversely, bioactive elements such as zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg) and silicon (Si), have garnered increasing interest for their therapeutic benefits, superior stability, and reduced biotic risks. Moreover, these elements are often incorporated into biomaterials that function as multifaceted bioactive components, facilitating bone regeneration via release on-demand. By elucidating the mechanistic roles and therapeutic efficacy of the bioactive elements, this review aims to establish bioactive elements as a robust and clinically viable strategy for advanced bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Bai
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiran Song
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Xu J, Zhang Z, Ren X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Lan X, Guo L. In situ photo-crosslinked hydrogel promotes oral mucosal wound healing through sustained delivery of ginsenoside Rg1. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1252574. [PMID: 37840668 PMCID: PMC10569426 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1252574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucosal wounds exhibit an increased susceptibility to inflammation as a consequence of their direct exposure to a diverse range of microorganisms. This causes pain, slow healing, and other complications that interfere with patients' daily activities like eating and speaking. Consequently, patients experience a significant decline in their overall quality of life. Therefore, the pursuit of novel treatment approaches is of great importance. In this study, ginsenoside Rg1, a natural active substance extracted from ginseng root, was chosen as a therapeutic agent. It was encapsulated in a screened photo-crosslinked hydrogel scaffold for the treatment of mucosal defects in the rat palate. The results demonstrated that Rg1-hydrogel possessed excellent physical and chemical properties, and that oral mucosa wounds treated with Rg1-hydrogel exhibited the greatest healing performance, as evidenced by more pronounced wound re-epithelialization, increased collagen deposition, and decreased inflammatory infiltration. Subsequent investigations in molecular biology confirmed that Rg1-hydrogel stimulated the secretion of repair-related factors and inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors. This study demonstrated that the hydrogel containing ginsenoside Rg1 significantly promotes oral mucosal tissue healing in vivo. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the Rg1-hydrogel has promising prospects for the therapeutic management of oral mucosal wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhenghao Zhang
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Yunan Zhang
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Lan
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
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