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Šíchová J, Voleníková A, Dincă V, Nguyen P, Vila R, Sahara K, Marec F. Dynamic karyotype evolution and unique sex determination systems in Leptidea wood white butterflies. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:89. [PMID: 25981157 PMCID: PMC4436027 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0375-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chromosomal rearrangements have the potential to limit the rate and pattern of gene flow within and between species and thus play a direct role in promoting and maintaining speciation. Wood white butterflies of the genus Leptidea are excellent models to study the role of chromosome rearrangements in speciation because they show karyotype variability not only among but also within species. In this work, we investigated genome architecture of three cryptic Leptidea species (L. juvernica, L. sinapis and L. reali) by standard and molecular cytogenetic techniques in order to reveal causes of the karyotype variability. Results Chromosome numbers ranged from 2n = 85 to 91 in L. juvernica and 2n = 69 to 73 in L. sinapis (both from Czech populations) to 2n = 51 to 55 in L. reali (Spanish population). We observed significant differences in chromosome numbers and localization of cytogenetic markers (rDNA and H3 histone genes) within the offspring of individual females. Using FISH with the (TTAGG)n telomeric probe we also documented the presence of multiple chromosome fusions and/or fissions and other complex rearrangements. Thus, the intraspecific karyotype variability is likely due to irregular chromosome segregation of multivalent meiotic configurations. The analysis of female meiotic chromosomes by GISH and CGH revealed multiple sex chromosomes: W1W2W3Z1Z2Z3Z4 in L. juvernica, W1W2W3Z1Z2Z3 in L. sinapis and W1W2W3W4Z1Z2Z3Z4 in L. reali. Conclusions Our results suggest a dynamic karyotype evolution and point to the role of chromosomal rearrangements in the speciation of Leptidea butterflies. Moreover, our study revealed a curious sex determination system with 3–4 W and 3–4 Z chromosomes, which is unique in the Lepidoptera and which could also have played a role in the speciation process of the three Leptidea species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0375-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindra Šíchová
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Voleníková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada. .,Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu-Fabra), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Petr Nguyen
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu-Fabra), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ken Sahara
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, 020-8550, Japan.
| | - František Marec
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Tsangaras K, Wales N, Sicheritz-Pontén T, Rasmussen S, Michaux J, Ishida Y, Morand S, Kampmann ML, Gilbert MTP, Greenwood AD. Hybridization capture using short PCR products enriches small genomes by capturing flanking sequences (CapFlank). PLoS One 2014; 9:e109101. [PMID: 25275614 PMCID: PMC4183570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Solution hybridization capture methods utilize biotinylated oligonucleotides as baits to enrich homologous sequences from next generation sequencing (NGS) libraries. Coupled with NGS, the method generates kilo to gigabases of high confidence consensus targeted sequence. However, in many experiments, a non-negligible fraction of the resulting sequence reads are not homologous to the bait. We demonstrate that during capture, the bait-hybridized library molecules add additional flanking library sequences iteratively, such that baits limited to targeting relatively short regions (e.g. few hundred nucleotides) can result in enrichment across entire mitochondrial and bacterial genomes. Our findings suggest that some of the off-target sequences derived in capture experiments are non-randomly enriched, and that CapFlank will facilitate targeted enrichment of large contiguous sequences with minimal prior target sequence information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriakos Tsangaras
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nathan Wales
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Simon Rasmussen
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Johan Michaux
- Conservation Genetics Unit, Institute of Botany (Bat. 22), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yasuko Ishida
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Serge Morand
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Université de Montpellier II, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Marie-Louise Kampmann
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Thomas P. Gilbert
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alex D. Greenwood
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Multiple origins of the western European house mouse in the Aeolian Archipelago: clues from mtDNA and chromosomes. Biol Invasions 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-012-0322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lukhtanov VA, Dincă V, Talavera G, Vila R. Unprecedented within-species chromosome number cline in the Wood White butterfly Leptidea sinapis and its significance for karyotype evolution and speciation. BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:109. [PMID: 21507222 PMCID: PMC3113740 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Species generally have a fixed number of chromosomes in the cell nuclei while between-species differences are common and often pronounced. These differences could have evolved through multiple speciation events, each involving the fixation of a single chromosomal rearrangement. Alternatively, marked changes in the karyotype may be the consequence of within-species accumulation of multiple chromosomal fissions/fusions, resulting in highly polymorphic systems with the subsequent extinction of intermediate karyomorphs. Although this mechanism of chromosome number evolution is possible in theory, it has not been well documented. Results We present the discovery of exceptional intraspecific variability in the karyotype of the widespread Eurasian butterfly Leptidea sinapis. We show that within this species the diploid chromosome number gradually decreases from 2n = 106 in Spain to 2n = 56 in eastern Kazakhstan, resulting in a 6000 km-wide cline that originated recently (8,500 to 31,000 years ago). Remarkably, intrapopulational chromosome number polymorphism exists, the chromosome number range overlaps between some populations separated by hundreds of kilometers, and chromosomal heterozygotes are abundant. We demonstrate that this karyotypic variability is intraspecific because in L. sinapis a broad geographical distribution is coupled with a homogenous morphological and genetic structure. Conclusions The discovered system represents the first clearly documented case of explosive chromosome number evolution through intraspecific and intrapopulation accumulation of multiple chromosomal changes. Leptidea sinapis may be used as a model system for studying speciation by means of chromosomally-based suppressed recombination mechanisms, as well as clinal speciation, a process that is theoretically possible but difficult to document. The discovered cline seems to represent a narrow time-window of the very first steps of species formation linked to multiple chromosomal changes that have occurred explosively. This case offers a rare opportunity to study this process before drift, dispersal, selection, extinction and speciation erase the traces of microevolutionary events and just leave the final picture of a pronounced interspecific chromosomal difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Science, Petersburg, Russia.
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Förster DW, Gündüz I, Nunes AC, Gabriel S, Ramalhinho MG, Mathias ML, Britton-Davidian J, Searle JB. Molecular insights into the colonization and chromosomal diversification of Madeiran house mice. Mol Ecol 2009; 18:4477-94. [PMID: 19754514 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The colonization history of Madeiran house mice was investigated by analysing the complete mitochondrial (mt) D-loop sequences of 156 mice from the island of Madeira and mainland Portugal, extending on previous studies. The numbers of mtDNA haplotypes from Madeira and mainland Portugal were substantially increased (17 and 14 new haplotypes respectively), and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the previously reported link between the Madeiran archipelago and northern Europe. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of four mtDNA lineages in mainland Portugal, of which one was particularly common and widespread (termed the 'Portugal Main Clade'). There was no support for population bottlenecks during the formation of the six Robertsonian chromosome races on the island of Madeira, and D-loop sequence variation was not found to be structured according to karyotype. The colonization time of the Madeiran archipelago by Mus musculus domesticus was approached using two molecular dating methods (mismatch distribution and Bayesian skyline plot). Time estimates based on D-loop sequence variation at mainland sites (including previously published data from France and Turkey) were evaluated in the context of the zooarchaeological record of M. m. domesticus. A range of values for mutation rate (mu) and number of mouse generations per year was considered in these analyses because of the uncertainty surrounding these two parameters. The colonization of Portugal and Madeira by house mice is discussed in the context of the best-supported parameter values. In keeping with recent studies, our results suggest that mutation rate estimates based on interspecific divergence lead to gross overestimates concerning the timing of recent within-species events.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Förster
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5YW, UK.
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CHATTI NOUREDDINE, BRITTON-DAVIDIAN JANICE, CATALAN JOSETTE, AUFFRAY JEANCHRISTOPHE, SAÏD KHALED. Reproductive trait divergence and hybrid fertility patterns between chromosomal races of the house mouse in Tunisia: analysis of wild and laboratory-bred males and females. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00443.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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TRYFONOPOULOS GEORGEA, CHONDROPOULOS BASILP, FRAGUEDAKIS-TSOLIS STELLAE. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms of the house mouse Mus musculus domesticus from Greece, focusing on the Robertsonian chromosomal system of north-west Peloponnese. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00461.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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BRAHIM IKHYARHOUMOULD, CHATTI NOUREDDINE, BRITTON-DAVIDIAN JANICE, SAÏD KHALED. Origin and evolution of the Robertsonian populations of the house mouse (Rodentia, Muridae) in Tunisia based on allozyme studies. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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