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Jażdżewska AM, Tandberg AHS, Horton T, Brix S. Global gap-analysis of amphipod barcode library. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12352. [PMID: 34760373 PMCID: PMC8572522 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the age of global climate change and biodiversity loss there is an urgent need to provide effective and robust tools for diversity monitoring. One of the promising techniques for species identification is the use of DNA barcoding, that in Metazoa utilizes the so called 'gold-standard' gene of cytochrome c oxidase (COI). However, the success of this method relies on the existence of trustworthy barcode libraries of the species. The Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) aims to provide barcodes for all existing organisms, and is complemented by the Barcode Index Number (BIN) system serving as a tool for potential species recognition. Here we provide an analysis of all public COI sequences available in BOLD of the diverse and ubiquitous crustacean order Amphipoda, to identify the barcode library gaps and provide recommendations for future barcoding studies. Our gap analysis of 25,702 records has shown that although 3,835 BINs (indicating putative species) were recognised by BOLD, only 10% of known amphipod species are represented by barcodes. We have identified almost equal contribution of both records (sequences) and BINs associated with freshwater and with marine realms. Three quarters of records have a complete species-level identification provided, while BINs have just 50%. Large disproportions between identification levels of BINs coming from freshwaters and the marine environment were observed, with three quarters of the former possessing a species name, and less than 40% for the latter. Moreover, the majority of BINs are represented by a very low number of sequences rendering them unreliable according to the quality control system. The geographical coverage is poor with vast areas of Africa, South America and the open ocean acting as "white gaps". Several, of the most species rich and highly abundant families of Amphipoda (e.g., Phoxocephalidae, Ampeliscidae, Caprellidae), have very poor representation in the BOLD barcode library. As a result of our study we recommend stronger effort in identification of already recognised BINs, prioritising the studies of families that are known to be important and abundant components of particular communities, and targeted sampling programs for taxa coming from geographical regions with the least knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Jażdżewska
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Tammy Horton
- National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Saskia Brix
- Department for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg am Meer, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Pearman WS, Wells SJ, Silander OK, Freed NE, Dale J. Concordant geographic and genetic structure revealed by genotyping-by-sequencing in a New Zealand marine isopod. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:13624-13639. [PMID: 33391668 PMCID: PMC7771188 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Population genetic structure in the marine environment can be influenced by life-history traits such as developmental mode (biphasic, with distinct adult and larval morphology, and direct development, in which larvae resemble adults) or habitat specificity, as well as geography and selection. Developmental mode is thought to significantly influence dispersal, with direct developers expected to have much lower dispersal potential. However, this prediction can be complicated by the presence of geophysical barriers to dispersal. In this study, we use a panel of 8,020 SNPs to investigate population structure and biogeography over multiple spatial scales for a direct-developing species, the New Zealand endemic marine isopod Isocladus armatus. Because our sampling range is intersected by two well-known biogeographic barriers (the East Cape and the Cook Strait), our study provides an opportunity to understand how such barriers influence dispersal in direct developers. On a small spatial scale (20 km), gene flow between locations is extremely high, suggestive of an island model of migration. However, over larger spatial scales (600 km), populations exhibit a clear pattern of isolation-by-distance. Our results indicate that I. armatus exhibits significant migration across the hypothesized barriers and suggest that large-scale ocean currents associated with these locations do not present a barrier to dispersal. Interestingly, we find evidence of a north-south population genetic break occurring between Māhia and Wellington. While no known geophysical barrier is apparent in this area, it coincides with the location of a proposed border between bioregions. Analysis of loci under selection revealed that both isolation-by-distance and adaption may be contributing to the degree of population structure we have observed here. We conclude that developmental life history largely predicts dispersal in the intertidal isopod I. armatus. However, localized biogeographic processes can disrupt this expectation, and this may explain the potential meta-population detected in the Auckland region.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S. Pearman
- School of Natural and Computational SciencesMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Sarah J. Wells
- School of Environmental and Animal SciencesUnitec Institute of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Olin K. Silander
- School of Natural and Computational SciencesMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Nikki E. Freed
- School of Natural and Computational SciencesMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand
| | - James Dale
- School of Natural and Computational SciencesMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand
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3
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Park E, Jorge F, Poulin R. Shared geographic histories and dispersal contribute to congruent phylogenies between amphipods and their microsporidian parasites at regional and global scales. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:3330-3345. [PMID: 32706932 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In parasites that strongly rely on a host for dispersal, geographic barriers that act on the host will simultaneously influence parasite distribution as well. If their association persists over macroevolutionary time it may result in congruent phylogenetic and phylogeographic patterns due to shared geographic histories. Here, we investigated the level of congruent evolutionary history at a regional and global scale in a highly specialised parasite taxon infecting hosts with limited dispersal abilities: the microsporidians Dictyocoela spp. and their amphipod hosts. Dictyocoela can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally and is the most common microsporidian genus occurring in amphipods in Eurasia. However, little is known about its distribution elsewhere. We started by conducting molecular screening to detect microsporidian parasites in endemic amphipod species in New Zealand; based on phylogenetic analyses, we identified nine species-level microsporidian taxa including six belonging to Dictyocoela. With a distance-based cophylogenetic analysis at the regional scale, we identified overall congruent phylogenies between Paracalliope, the most common New Zealand freshwater amphipod taxon, and their Dictyocoela parasites. Also, hosts and parasites showed similar phylogeographic patterns suggesting shared biogeographic histories. Similarly, at a global scale, phylogenies of amphipod hosts and their Dictyocoela parasites showed broadly congruent phylogenies. The observed patterns may have resulted from covicariance and/or codispersal, suggesting that the intimate association between amphipods and Dictyocoela may have persisted over macroevolutionary time. We highlight that shared biogeographic histories could play a role in the codiversification of hosts and parasites at a macroevolutionary scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Park
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Fátima Jorge
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Robert Poulin
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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4
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Desiderato A, Costa FO, Serejo CS, Abbiati M, Queiroga H, Vieira PE. Macaronesian islands as promoters of diversification in amphipods: The remarkable case of the family Hyalidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda). ZOOL SCR 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Desiderato
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM ‐ Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Universidade de Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali (BiGeA), Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA) University of Bologna Ravenna Italy
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Zoologia (PPGZOO), Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil
- Department of Functional Ecology Alfred Wegener Institute & Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven Germany
| | - Filipe O. Costa
- CBMA ‐ Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio‐Sustainability (IB‐S) University of Minho Braga Portugal
| | - Cristiana S. Serejo
- Departamento de Invertebrados ‐ Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Marco Abbiati
- Department of Cultural Heritage – Research Centre for Environmental Sciences University of Bologna Ravenna Italy
- CoNISMa Roma Italy
- ISMAR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ‐ Istituto di Scienze Marine Bologna Italy
| | - Henrique Queiroga
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM ‐ Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Universidade de Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - Pedro E. Vieira
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM ‐ Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Universidade de Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
- CBMA ‐ Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio‐Sustainability (IB‐S) University of Minho Braga Portugal
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Hupało K, Teixeira MAL, Rewicz T, Sezgin M, Iannilli V, Karaman GS, Grabowski M, Costa FO. Persistence of phylogeographic footprints helps to understand cryptic diversity detected in two marine amphipods widespread in the Mediterranean basin. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 132:53-66. [PMID: 30476552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Amphipods of the genus Gammarus are a vital component of macrozoobenthic communities in European inland and coastal, marine and brackish waters of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Exceptional levels of cryptic diversity have been revealed for several widespread freshwater Gammarus species in Europe. No comprehensive assessment has yet been made for brackishwater counterparts, such as Gammarus aequicauda and G. insensibilis, which are among the most widely dispersed members of the so-called "G. locusta group" in the Mediterranean and in the Black Sea. Here we probe the diversity of these morphospecies examining the partitioning of mtDNA and nDNA across multiple populations along their distribution range and discuss it within the regional paleogeographic framework. We gathered molecular data from a collection of 166 individuals of G. aequicauda and G. insensibilis from 47 locations along their distribution range in the Mediterranean including the Black Sea. They were amplified for both mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA as well as the nuclear 28S rRNA. All five MOTU delimitation methods (ABGD, BIN, bPTP, GMYC single and multiple threshold models) applied revealed deep divergence between Black Sea and Mediterranean populations in both G. aequicauda and G. insensibilis. There were eight distinct MOTUs delimited for G. aequicauda (6-18% K2P) and 4 MOTUs for G. insensibilis (4-14% K2P). No sympatric MOTUs were detected throughout their distribution range. Multimarker time-calibrated phylogeny indicated that divergence of both G. aequicauda and G. insensibilis species complexes started already in the late Oligocene/early Miocene with the split between clades inhabiting eastern and western part of the Mediterranean occurring in both species at the similar time. Our results indicate a high cryptic diversity within Mediterranean brackishwater Gammarus, similar to that observed for freshwater counterparts. Moreover, the phylogenetic history combined with the current geographic distribution indicate that the evolution of both studied Gammarus morphogroups has been strongly connected with the geological events in the Mediterranean Basin and it reflect the turbulent history of the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hupało
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - M A L Teixeira
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, Portugal
| | - T Rewicz
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - M Sezgin
- Sinop University Fisheries Faculty, Marine Biology and Ecology Department, Sinop, Turkey
| | - V Iannilli
- ENEA C.R. Casaccia, via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - G S Karaman
- Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, Riste Stijovica Podgorica Črna Gora, Montenegro
| | - M Grabowski
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - F O Costa
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, Portugal
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Ross PM, Knox MA, Smith S, Smith H, Williams J, Hogg ID. Historical translocations by Māori may explain the distribution and genetic structure of a threatened surf clam in Aotearoa (New Zealand). Sci Rep 2018; 8:17241. [PMID: 30467395 PMCID: PMC6250687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The population genetic structure of toheroa (Paphies ventricosa), an Aotearoa (New Zealand) endemic surf clam, was assessed to determine levels of inter-population connectivity and test hypotheses regarding life history, habitat distribution and connectivity in coastal vs. estuarine taxa. Ninety-eight toheroa from populations across the length of New Zealand were sequenced for the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene with analyses suggesting a population genetic structure unique among New Zealand marine invertebrates. Toheroa genetic diversity was high in Te Ika-a Māui (the North Island of New Zealand) but completely lacking in the south of Te Waipounamu (the South Island), an indication of recent isolation. Changes in habitat availability, long distance dispersal events or translocation of toheroa to southern New Zealand by Māori could explain the observed geographic distribution of toheroa and their genetic diversity. Given that early-Māori and their ancestors, were adept at food cultivation and relocation, the toheroa translocation hypothesis is plausible and may explain the disjointed modern distribution of this species. Translocation would also explain the limited success in restoring what may in some cases be ecologically isolated populations located outside their natural distributions and preferred niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Ross
- Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand.
| | - Matthew A Knox
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Shade Smith
- Triplefin Environmental Consultants, Napier, New Zealand
| | - Huhana Smith
- Te Rangitāwhia Whakatupu Mātauranga Ltd, Kuku, New Zealand
| | - James Williams
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ian D Hogg
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Canadian High Arctic Research Station, Polar Knowledge Canada, Cambridge Bay, Canada
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7
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Walton K, Marshall BA, Phillips NE, Verry AJF, Ritchie PA. Phylogeography of the New Zealand whelksCominella maculosaandC. virgata(Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Buccinoidea: Buccinidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Walton
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
- Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bruce A Marshall
- Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Nicole E Phillips
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Alexander J F Verry
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Peter A Ritchie
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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8
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Wallis GP, Jorge F. Going under down under? Lineage ages argue for extensive survival of the Oligocene marine transgression on Zealandia. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:4368-4396. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fátima Jorge
- Department of Zoology; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
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9
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Wells SJ, Dale J. Contrasting gene flow at different spatial scales revealed by genotyping-by-sequencing in Isocladus armatus, a massively colour polymorphic New Zealand marine isopod. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5462. [PMID: 30155361 PMCID: PMC6109376 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how genetic diversity is maintained within populations is central to evolutionary biology. Research on colour polymorphism (CP), which typically has a genetic basis, can shed light on this issue. However, because gene flow can homogenise genetic variation, understanding population connectivity is critical in examining the maintenance of polymorphisms. In this study we assess the utility of genotyping-by-sequencing to resolve gene flow, and provide a preliminary investigation into the genetic basis of CP in Isocladus armatus, an endemic New Zealand marine isopod. Analysis of the genetic variation in 4,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within and among populations and colour morphs revealed large differences in gene flow across two spatial scales. Marine isopods, which lack a pelagic larval phase, are typically assumed to exhibit greater population structuring than marine invertebrates possessing a biphasic life cycle. However, we found high gene flow rates and no genetic subdivision between two North Island populations situated 8 km apart. This suggests that I. armatus is capable of substantial dispersal along coastlines. In contrast, we identified a strong genetic disjunction between North and South Island populations. This result is similar to those reported in other New Zealand marine species, and is congruent with the presence of a geophysical barrier to dispersal down the east coast of New Zealand. We also found some support for a genetic basis to colouration evidenced by positive FST outlier tests, with two SNPs in particular showing strong association to the expression of a striped morph. Our study provides one of the first population genomic studies of a marine organism in New Zealand, and suggests that genotyping-by-sequencing can be a good alternative to more traditional investigations based on traditional markers such as microsatellites. Our study provides a foundation for further development of a highly tractable system for research on the evolutionary maintenance of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Wells
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James Dale
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
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10
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Lobo J, Ferreira MS, Antunes IC, Teixeira MAL, Borges LMS, Sousa R, Gomes PA, Costa MH, Cunha MR, Costa FO. Contrasting morphological and DNA barcode-suggested species boundaries among shallow-water amphipod fauna from the southern European Atlantic coast. Genome 2016; 60:147-157. [PMID: 28044453 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2016-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study we compared DNA barcode-suggested species boundaries with morphology-based species identifications in the amphipod fauna of the southern European Atlantic coast. DNA sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I barcode region (COI-5P) were generated for 43 morphospecies (178 specimens) collected along the Portuguese coast which, together with publicly available COI-5P sequences, produced a final dataset comprising 68 morphospecies and 295 sequences. Seventy-five BINs (Barcode Index Numbers) were assigned to these morphospecies, of which 48 were concordant (i.e., 1 BIN = 1 species), 8 were taxonomically discordant, and 19 were singletons. Twelve species had matching sequences (<2% distance) with conspecifics from distant locations (e.g., North Sea). Seven morphospecies were assigned to multiple, and highly divergent, BINs, including specimens of Corophium multisetosum (18% divergence) and Dexamine spiniventris (16% divergence), which originated from sampling locations on the west coast of Portugal (only about 36 and 250 km apart, respectively). We also found deep divergence (4%-22%) among specimens of seven species from Portugal compared to those from the North Sea and Italy. The detection of evolutionarily meaningful divergence among populations of several amphipod species from southern Europe reinforces the need for a comprehensive re-assessment of the diversity of this faunal group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lobo
- a CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,b MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria S Ferreira
- a CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ilisa C Antunes
- a CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Marcos A L Teixeira
- a CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Luisa M S Borges
- a CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,c L3 Scientific Solutions, Runder Berg 7a, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- a CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,d CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 123, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro A Gomes
- a CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Costa
- b MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Marina R Cunha
- e Departamento de Biologia & CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Filipe O Costa
- a CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Pilgrim EM, Blum MJ, Reusser DA, Lee H, Darling JA. Geographic range and structure of cryptic genetic diversity among Pacific North American populations of the non-native amphipod Grandidierella japonica. Biol Invasions 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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