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Gumbs R, Gray CL, Hoffmann M, Molina-Venegas R, Owen NR, Pollock LJ. Conserving avian evolutionary history can effectively safeguard future benefits for people. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh4686. [PMID: 37729417 PMCID: PMC10511189 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh4686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetic diversity (PD)-the evolutionary history of a set of species-is conceptually linked to the maintenance of yet-to-be-discovered benefits from biodiversity or "option value." We used global phylogenetic and utilization data for birds to test the PD option value link, under the assumption that the performance of sets of PD-maximizing species at capturing known benefits is analogous to selecting the same species at a point in human history before these benefits were realized. PD performed better than random at capturing utilized bird species across 60% of tests, with performance linked to the phylogenetic dispersion and prevalence of each utilization category. Prioritizing threatened species for conservation by the PD they encapsulate performs comparably to prioritizing by their functional distinctiveness. However, species selected by each metric show low overlap, indicating that we should conserve both components of biodiversity to effectively conserve a variety of uses. Our findings provide empirical support for the link between evolutionary history and benefits for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikki Gumbs
- Conservation and Policy, Zoological Society of London, London NW1 4RY, UK
- Science and Solutions for a Changing Planet DTP, Grantham Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- IUCN SSC Phylogenetic Diversity Task Force, London, UK
| | - Claudia L Gray
- Conservation and Policy, Zoological Society of London, London NW1 4RY, UK
- IUCN SSC Phylogenetic Diversity Task Force, London, UK
| | - Michael Hoffmann
- Conservation and Policy, Zoological Society of London, London NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Rafael Molina-Venegas
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nisha R Owen
- IUCN SSC Phylogenetic Diversity Task Force, London, UK
- On the Edge Conservation, London SW3 2JJ, UK
| | - Laura J Pollock
- IUCN SSC Phylogenetic Diversity Task Force, London, UK
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1B1, Canada
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Mariño J, Dufour SC, Hurford A, Récapet C. Resource and seasonality drive interspecific variability in simulations from a dynamic energy budget model. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 11:coad013. [PMID: 37006337 PMCID: PMC10064112 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Animals show a vast array of phenotypic traits in time and space. Such variation patterns have traditionally been described as ecogeographical rules; for example, the tendency of size and clutch size to increase with latitude (Bergmann's and Lack's rules, respectively). Despite considerable research into these variation patterns and their consequences for biodiversity and conservation, the processes behind trait variation remain controversial. Here, we show how food variability, largely set by climate and weather, can drive interspecific trait variation by determining individual energy input and allocation trade-offs. Using a dynamic energy budget (DEB) model, we simulated different food environments, as well as interspecific variability in the parameters for energy assimilation, mobilization and allocation to soma. We found that interspecific variability is greater when the resource is non-limiting in both constant and seasonal environments. Our findings further show that individuals can reach larger biomass and greater reproductive output in a seasonal environment than in a constant environment of equal average resource due to the peaks of food surplus. Our results agree with the classical patterns of interspecific trait variation and provide a mechanistic understanding that supports recent hypotheses which explain them: the resource and the eNPP (net primary production during the growing season) rules. Due to the current alterations to ecosystems and communities, disentangling the mechanisms of trait variation is increasingly important to understand and predict biodiversity dynamics under climate change, as well as to improve conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joany Mariño
- Corresponding author: Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland. 45 Arctic Ave., St John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1C 5S7. Tel: +49 (0) 3834 7710.
| | - Suzanne C Dufour
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland 45 Arctic Ave., St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada A1C 5S7
| | - Amy Hurford
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland 45 Arctic Ave., St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada A1C 5S7
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Memorial University of Newfoundland. Elizabeth Avenue, St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada A1C 5S7
| | - Charlotte Récapet
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP. Quartier Ibarron 64210, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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Zarco-Perello S, Fairclough D, Dowling C, DiBattista J, Austin R, Wernberg T, Taylor B. Maximization of fitness by phenological and phenotypic plasticity in range expanding rabbitfish (Siganidae). J Anim Ecol 2022; 91:1666-1678. [PMID: 35543704 PMCID: PMC9546425 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Global warming is modifying the phenology, life‐history traits and biogeography of species around the world. Evidence of these effects have increased over recent decades; however, we still have a poor understanding of the possible outcomes of their interplay across global climatic gradients, hindering our ability to accurately predict the consequences of climate change in populations and ecosystems. We examined the effect that changes in biogeography can have on the life‐history traits of two of the most successful range‐extending fish species in the world: the tropical rabbitfishes Siganus fuscescens and Siganus rivulatus. Both species have established abundant populations at higher latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres and have been identified as important ecological engineers with the potential to alter the community structure of seaweed forests (Laminariales and Fucales) in temperate regions. Life‐history trait information from across their global distribution was compiled from the published literature and meta‐analyses were conducted to assess changes in (i) the onset and duration of reproductive periods, (ii) size at maturity, (iii) fecundity, (iv) growth rates, (v) maximum body sizes and (vi) longevity in populations at the leading edge of range expansion in relation to sea surface temperature and primary productivity (a common proxy for nutritional resource levels). Populations at highest latitudes had shortened their reproductive periods and reduced growth rates, taking longer to reach sexual maturity and maximum sizes, but compensated this with higher fecundity per length class and longer lifespans than populations in warmer environments. Low primary productivity and temperature in the Mediterranean Sea resulted in lower growth rates and body sizes for S. rivulatus, but also lower length at maturity, increasing life‐time reproductive output. The results suggest that plasticity in the phenology and life‐history traits of range‐expanding species would be important to enhance their fitness in high latitude environments, facilitating their persistence and possible further poleward expansions. Quantifying the magnitude and direction of these responses can improve our understanding and ability to forecast species redistributions and its repercussions in the functioning of temperate ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Zarco-Perello
- School of Biological Sciences, UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth.,Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth
| | - David Fairclough
- Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, North Beach, WA, Australia
| | - Chris Dowling
- Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, North Beach, WA, Australia
| | - Joey DiBattista
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Austin
- School of Biological Sciences, UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- School of Biological Sciences, UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth.,Institute of Marine Research, Nye Flødevigveien 20, 4817, His, Norway
| | - Brett Taylor
- University of Guam Marine Laboratory, UOG Station, Mangilao, Guam, 96923, USA
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Fernández-Torres F, Martínez PA, Olalla-Tárraga MÁ. Shallow water ray-finned marine fishes follow Bergmann’s rule. Basic Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kelly RM, Friedman R, Santana SE. Primary productivity explains size variation across the Pallid bat's western geographic range. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle M. Kelly
- Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and CultureUniversity of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Rachel Friedman
- Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and CultureUniversity of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Sharlene E. Santana
- Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and CultureUniversity of Washington Seattle WA USA
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McNamara JM, Higginson AD, Verhulst S. The influence of the starvation-predation trade-off on the relationship between ambient temperature and body size among endotherms. JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY 2016; 43:809-819. [PMID: 27478296 PMCID: PMC4950040 DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM The tendency for animals at higher latitudes to be larger (Bergmann's rule) is generally explained by recourse to latitudinal effects on ambient temperature and the food supply, but these receive only mixed support and do not explain observations of the inverse to Bergmann's rule. Our aim was to better understand how ecological variables might influence body size and thereby explain this mixed support. LOCATION World-wide. METHODS Previous explanations do not allow for the selective pressure exerted by the trade-off between predation and starvation, which we incorporate in a model of optimal body size and energy storage of a generalized homeotherm. In contrast to existing arguments, we concentrate on survival over winter when the food supply is poor and can be interrupted for short periods. RESULTS We use our model to assess the logical validity of the heat conservation hypothesis and show that it must allow for the roles of both food availability and predation risk. We find that whether the effect of temperature on body size is positive or negative depends on temperature range, predator density, and the likelihood of long interruptions to foraging. Furthermore, changing day length explains differing effects of altitude and latitude on body size, leading to opposite predictions for nocturnal and diurnal endotherms. Food availability and ambient temperature can have counteracting selective pressures on body mass, and can lead to a non-monotonic relationship between latitude and size, as observed in several studies. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our work provides a theoretical framework for understanding the relationships between the costs and benefits of large body size and eco-geographical patterns among endotherms world-wide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew D. Higginson
- Centre for Research in Animal BehaviourCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QGUK
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolBS8 1TQUK
| | - Simon Verhulst
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of Groningen9747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
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Dobson LL, Sorte FAL, Manne LL, Hawkins BA. The diversity and abundance of North American bird assemblages fail to track changing productivity. Ecology 2015; 96:1105-14. [DOI: 10.1890/14-0057.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Global relationships between beta diversity and latitude after accounting for regional diversity. ECOL INFORM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gouveia SF, Dobrovolski R, Lemes P, Cassemiro FAS, Diniz-Filho JAF. Environmental steepness, tolerance gradient, and ecogeographical rules in glassfrogs (Anura: Centrolenidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sidney F. Gouveia
- Departamento de Ecologia; ICB I; Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG; CxP 131; CEP 74001-970; Goiânia; GO; Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dobrovolski
- Departamento de Ecologia; ICB I; Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG; CxP 131; CEP 74001-970; Goiânia; GO; Brazil
| | - Priscila Lemes
- Departamento de Ecologia; ICB I; Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG; CxP 131; CEP 74001-970; Goiânia; GO; Brazil
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