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Zangl L, Schäffer S, Daill D, Friedrich T, Gessl W, Mladinić M, Sturmbauer C, Wanzenböck J, Weiss SJ, Koblmüller S. A comprehensive DNA barcode inventory of Austria's fish species. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268694. [PMID: 35679240 PMCID: PMC9182252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Austria is inhabited by more than 80 species of native and non-native freshwater fishes. Despite considerable knowledge about Austrian fish species, the latest Red List of threatened species dates back 15 years and a systematic genetic inventory of Austria's fish species does not exist. To fulfill this deficit, we employed DNA barcoding to generate an up-to-date and comprehensive genetic reference database for Austrian fish species. In total, 639 newly generated cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) sequences were added to the 377 existing records from the BOLD data base, to compile a near complete reference dataset. Standard sequence similarity analyses resulted in 83 distinct clusters almost perfectly reflecting the expected number of species in Austria. Mean intraspecific distances of 0.22% were significantly lower than distances to closest relatives, resulting in a pronounced barcoding gap and unique Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) for most of the species. Four cases of BIN sharing were detected, pointing to hybridization and/or recent divergence, whereas in Phoxinus spp., Gobio spp. and Barbatula barbatula intraspecific splits, multiple BINs and consequently cryptic diversity were observed. The overall high identification success and clear genetic separation of most of the species confirms the applicability and accuracy of genetic methods for bio-surveillance. Furthermore, the new DNA barcoding data pinpoints cases of taxonomic uncertainty, which need to be addressed in further detail, to more precisely assort genetic lineages and their local distribution ranges in a new National Red-List.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Zangl
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Universalmuseum Joanneum, Studienzentrum Naturkunde, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Daniel Daill
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Consultants in Aquatic Ecology and Engineering—blattfisch e.U., Wels, Austria
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Marija Mladinić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Josef Wanzenböck
- Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
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Rylková K, Petrtýl M, Bui AT, Kalous L. Just a Vietnamese goldfish or another Carassius? Validity of Carassius argenteaphthalmusNguyen & Ngo, 2001 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Rylková
- Department of Genetics and Breeding; Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Petrtýl
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries; Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Anh T. Bui
- Department of Science, Technology and Environment; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Lukáš Kalous
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries; Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; Prague Czech Republic
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Knytl M, Kalous L, Rylková K, Choleva L, Merilä J, Ráb P. Morphologically indistinguishable hybrid Carassius female with 156 chromosomes: A threat for the threatened crucian carp, C. carassius, L. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190924. [PMID: 29360831 PMCID: PMC5779652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The crucian carp Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758), is native to many European freshwaters. Despite its wide distribution, the crucian carp is declining in both the number and sizes of populations across much of its range. Here we studied 30 individuals of a putative pure population from Helsinki, Finland. Despite clear external morphological features of C. carassius, an individual was of a higher ploidy level than the others. We therefore applied a set of molecular genetic (S7 nuclear and cytochrome b mitochondrial genes) and cytogenetic tools (sequential fluorescent 4’, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole [DAPI], Chromomycin A3 [CMA3], C-banding and in situ hybridization [FISH] with both 5S and 28S ribosomal DNA probes) to determine its origin. While all examined characteristics of a diploid representative male (CCAHe2Fi) clearly corresponded to those of C. carassius, a triploid individual (CCAHe1Fi) was more complex. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the nuclear genome of CCAHe1Fi contained three haploid sets: two C. gibelio and one C. carassius. However the mitochondrial DNA was that of C. gibelio, demonstrating its hybrid origin. The FISH revealed three strong (more intensive) 5S rDNA loci, confirming the triploid status, and an additional 24 weak (less intensive) signals were observed in the chromosome complement of CCAHe1Fi. On the other hand, only two strong and 16 weak 5S rDNA signals were visible on the chromosomes of the CCAHe2Fi male. 28S rDNA FISH revealed four strong signals in both CCAHe1Fi and CCAHe2Fi individuals. CMA3 staining revealed four to six CMA3-positive bands of CCAHe1Fi, while that of diploids contained only two to four. The fact that a polyploid hybrid Carassius female with a strong invasive potential may share morphological characters typical for endangered C. carassius highlights a need to combine genetic investigations of Carassius cryptic diversity with conservation measures of C. carassius in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Knytl
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Lukáš Kalous
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Rylková
- Department of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Choleva
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Juha Merilä
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petr Ráb
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Liběchov, Czech Republic
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Cheng L, Zhang Y, Lu CY, Li C, Sun XW. Development and characterization of four moderate multiplex microsatellite panels in crucian carp (Carassius auratus). CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-013-9917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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