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Bosly HAEK. A preliminary detective survey of hymenopteran insects at Jazan Lake Dam Region, Southwest of Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2342-2351. [PMID: 33911948 PMCID: PMC8071900 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A preliminary detective survey for the hymenopteran insect fauna of Jazan Lake dam region, Southwest Saudi Arabia, was carried out for one year from January 2018 to January 2019 using mainly sweep nets and Malaise traps. The survey revealed the presence of three hymenopteran Superfamilies (Apoidea, Vespoidea and Evanioidea) representing 15 species belonging to 10 genera of 6 families (Apidae, Crabronidae, Sphecidae, Vespidae, Mutillidae, and Evaniidae). The largest number of species has belonged to the family Crabronidae is represented by 6 species under 2 genera. While the family Apidae, is represented by 2 species under 2 genera. Family Vespidae is represented by 2 species of one genus. While, the rest of the families Sphecidae, Mutillida, and Evaniidae each is represented by only one species and one genus each. Eleven species are predators, two species are pollinators and two species are parasitics. Note for each family was provided, and species was provided with synonyms and general and taxonomic remarks and their worldwide geographic distribution and information about their economic importance are also included. All species were photographed with dorsal and lateral views.
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Stetsun H. Superimposition of the sting morphological characters on the dendrogram of Apoidea with emphasis on Crabronidae s. str. (Insecta: Hymenoptera): first steps. J NAT HIST 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1837275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Halyna Stetsun
- Department of the Taxonomy of Entomophagous Insects and Ecological Principles of Biocontrol, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Ivorra T, Hauser M, Low VL, Tomberlin JK, Nur Aliah NA, Cammack JA, Heo CC. Hermetia illucens and Hermetia fenestrata (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Colonization of "Spoiled" Stingless Bee Geniotrigona thoracica (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Hives in Malaysia. INSECTS 2020; 11:E737. [PMID: 33121084 PMCID: PMC7693061 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Meliponiculture, the keeping of domesticated stingless bees such as Geniotrigona thoracica (Smith, 1857) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is an increasingly popular agricultural industry in Malaysia. This study reports the soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) species of the genus Hermetia colonizing stingless bee colonies in Malaysia. The larvae were reared in the laboratory to the adult stage and identified through molecular and morphological approaches. Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758) and Hermetia fenestrata de Meijere, 1904 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) were identified from the sample provided. Earlier records of stratiomyids in stingless bee nests were misidentified as H. illucens. This paper represents the first identified record of H. fenestrata colonizing a "spoiled" stingless bee colony. In addition, adult and larval morphological differences between both species and the roles of both species in bee nest decomposition are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Ivorra
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.N.A.); (C.C.H.)
| | - Martin Hauser
- Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch, California Department of Food & Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832-1448, USA;
| | - Van Lun Low
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | | | - Natasha Azmi Nur Aliah
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.N.A.); (C.C.H.)
| | - Jonathan A. Cammack
- EVO Conversion Systems, LLC, 5552 Raymond Stotzer Pkwy, Suite 100, College Station, TX 77485, USA;
| | - Chong Chin Heo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.N.A.); (C.C.H.)
- Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Institute for Pathology, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
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Dehon M, Engel MS, Gérard M, Aytekin AM, Ghisbain G, Williams PH, Rasmont P, Michez D. Morphometric analysis of fossil bumble bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini) reveals their taxonomic affinities. Zookeys 2019; 891:71-118. [PMID: 31802973 PMCID: PMC6882928 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.891.36027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bumble bees (Bombus spp.) are a widespread corbiculate lineage (Apinae: Corbiculata: Bombini), mostly found among temperate and alpine ecosystems. Approximately 260 species have been recognized and grouped recently into a simplified system of 15 subgenera. Most of the species are nest-building and primitively eusocial. Species of Bombus have been more intensely studied than any other lineages of bees with the exception of the honey bees. However, most bumble bee fossils are poorly described and documented, making their placement relative to other Bombus uncertain. A large portion of the known and presumed bumble bee fossils were re-examined in an attempt to better understand their affinities with extant Bombini. The taxonomic affinities of fossil specimens were re-assessed based on morphological features and previous descriptions, and for 13 specimens based on geometric morphometrics of forewing shape. None of the specimens coming from Eocene and Oligocene deposits were assigned within the contemporary shape space of any subgenus of Bombus. It is shown that Calyptapis florissantensis Cockerell, 1906 (Eocene-Oligocene boundary, Florissant shale, Colorado, USA) and Oligobombus cuspidatus Antropov, 2014 (Late Eocene, Bembridge Marls) likely belong to stem-group Bombini. Bombus anacolus Zhang, 1994, B. dilectus Zhang, 1994, B. luianus Zhang, 1990 (Middle Miocene, Shanwang Formation), as well as B. vetustus Rasnitsyn & Michener, 1991 (Miocene, Botchi Formation) are considered as species inquirenda. In the Miocene, affinities of fossils with derived subgenera of Bombus s. l. increased, and some are included in the shape space of contemporary subgenera: Cullumanobombus (i.e., B. pristinus Unger, 1867, B. randeckensis Wappler & Engel, 2012, and B. trophonius Prokop, Dehon, Michez & Engel, 2017), Melanobombus (i.e., B. cerdanyensis Dehon, De Meulemeester & Engel, 2014), and Mendacibombus (i.e., B. beskonakensis (Nel & Petrulevičius, 2003), new combination), agreeing with previous estimates of diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Dehon
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Michael S. Engel
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th, New York, NY 10024-5192, USA
- Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1501 Crestline Drive – Suite 140, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Maxence Gérard
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - A. Murat Aytekin
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Pamukkale Sitesi, B Blok, Çayyolu, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Guillaume Ghisbain
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Paul H. Williams
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Pierre Rasmont
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Denis Michez
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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Porto DS, Almeida EAB. A comparative study of the pharyngeal plate of Apoidea (Hymenoptera: Aculeata), with implications for the understanding of phylogenetic relationships of bees. ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT 2019; 50:64-77. [PMID: 31002960 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The pharyngeal plate is a morphological complex with extensive anatomical variation among bees and, therefore, potential as a source of phylogenetic information. The pharyngeal plate of bees is divided into four morphologically distinct regions: sitophore, hypopharyngeal lobe, pharyngeal rods, and median oral plate. In this work we illustrate and document in detail for the first time the pharyngeal plate of 43 bee species, providing descriptions of the morphological variation and contrasting these findings with representatives of apoid wasps (Crabronidae and Sphecidae). We evaluate and discuss the potential of this structure as a rich source of morphological information in the context of bee phylogeny and any research potentially impacted by comparative morphological data. The shape of the hypopharyngeal lobe is highly variable among suprageneric taxa of bees and can be readily employed to characterise taxa at various levels. We argue that the global patterns in the variation of the pharyngeal plate can provide information for phylogenetic inference within bees and constructed and coded 10 characters that encompass the most noticeable morphological differences discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego S Porto
- Laboratório de Biologia Comparada e Abelhas (LBCA) - Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A B Almeida
- Laboratório de Biologia Comparada e Abelhas (LBCA) - Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Otesbelgue A, Dos Santos CF, Blochtein B. Queen bee acceptance under threat: Neurotoxic insecticides provoke deep damage in queen-worker relationships. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 166:42-47. [PMID: 30245292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Virgin queens (gynes) exhibit a range of behaviors in order to be accepted as the leader of colony. However, environmental neurotoxic insecticides as neonicotinoids may affect the social performance of the bees. Here, we evaluated the sublethal effects of neonicotinoid imidacloprid on the larval food of queens from Plebeia droryana, a species of neotropical stingless bee. Several behaviors were analyzed as multivariate response variables in a Hotelling test, as well as generalized additive mixed models. Our findings demonstrate that treated queens perform less wing vibration and trophallaxis with their workers. Furthermore, the treated gynes encounter more harassment (aggression) from their workers, suggesting that workers can differentiate nontreated queens from treated queens most likely by chemical signals. Our data indicate that the behavioral repertoire underlying the queen selection process by the stingless bee P. droryana may be seriously affected by residual doses of imidacloprid in larval food. As a result, such queens are rather undernourished and aggressed by workers, which most likely compromises the viability and permanence of colonies in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Otesbelgue
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Ecologia, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Charles Fernando Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Ecologia, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Betina Blochtein
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Ecologia, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto do Meio Ambiente, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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7
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Engel MS, Wang B, Alqarni AS, Jia LB, Su T, Zhou ZK, Wappler T. A primitive honey bee from the Middle Miocene deposits of southeastern Yunnan, China (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Zookeys 2018; 775:117-129. [PMID: 30057475 PMCID: PMC6062569 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.775.24909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While fossils of honey bees (Apini: Apis Linnaeus) are comparatively abundant in European Oligocene and Miocene deposits, the available material from Asia is scant and represented by only a handful of localities. It is therefore significant to report a new deposit with a fossil honey bee from southern China. Apis (Synapis) dalica Engel & Wappler, sp. n., is described and figured from Middle Miocene sediments of Maguan County, southeastern Yunnan Province, China. This is the first fossil bee from the Cenozoic of southern China, and is distinguished from its close congeners present at the slightly older locality of Shanwang, Shandong in northeastern China. The species can be distinguished on the basis of wing venation differences from other Miocene Apis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Engel
- Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive – Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-4415, USA
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024-5192, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Abdulaziz S. Alqarni
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lin-Bo Jia
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Tao Su
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
| | - Zhe-kun Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
| | - Torsten Wappler
- Natural History Department, Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt, Friedensplatz 1, D-64283 Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Falcón-Brindis A, Ayala R, Jiménez ML, Hinojosa-Díaz IA. A missing piece in the puzzle: the presence of Euglossa viridissima in the Baja California Peninsula (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Zookeys 2018; 726:15-23. [PMID: 29362545 PMCID: PMC5769714 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.726.19876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Orchid bees are a conspicuous component of the neotropical bee fauna, with a few species reaching the northernmost natural distribution for the group in northwestern continental Mexico. Among them, Euglossa viridissima Friese is here reported for the first time in the Cape Region of the Baja California peninsula, Mexico, where no species of the group have been found previously. These records are presented, their biogeographical implications discussed, and some interpretations of the local factors that influence the bees is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Falcón-Brindis
- Laboratorio de Aracnología y Entomología, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Apartado postal 128, 23090, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Ricardo Ayala
- Estación de Biología Chamela (Sede Colima), Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, Jalisco, México, C. P. 48980
| | - María Luisa Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Aracnología y Entomología, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Apartado postal 128, 23090, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Ismael A. Hinojosa-Díaz
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tercer Circuito s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Copilco, Coyoacán, A.P. 70-153, Ciudad de México, Mexico, C. P. 04510
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9
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Bossert S, Murray EA, Blaimer BB, Danforth BN. The impact of GC bias on phylogenetic accuracy using targeted enrichment phylogenomic data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 111:149-157. [PMID: 28390323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The field of sequence based phylogenetic analyses is currently being transformed by novel hybrid-based targeted enrichment methods, such as the use of ultraconserved elements (UCEs). Rather than analyzing relationships among organisms using a small number of genes, these methods now allow us to evaluate relationships with many hundreds to thousands of individual gene loci. However, the inclusion of thousands of loci does not necessarily overcome the long-standing challenge of incongruence among phylogenetic trees derived from different genes or gene regions. One factor that impacts the level of incongruence in phylogenomic data sets is the level of GC bias. GC rich gene regions are prone to higher recombination rates than AT rich regions, driven by a process referred to as "GC biased gene conversion". As a result, high GC content can be negatively associated with phylogenetic accuracy, but the extent to which this impacts incongruence among UCEs is currently unstudied. We investigated the impact of GC content on phylogeny reconstruction using in silico captured UCE data for the corbiculate bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). The phylogeny of this group has been the subject of extensive study, and incongruence among gene trees is thought to be a source of phylogenetic error. We conducted coalescent- and concatenation-based analyses of 810 individual gene loci from all 13 currently available bee genomes, including 8 corbiculate taxa. Both coalescent- and concatenation-based methods converged on a single topology for the corbiculate tribes. In contrast to concatenation, the coalescent-based methods revealed significant topological conflict at nodes involving the orchid bees (Euglossini) and honeybees (Apini). Partitioning the loci by GC content reveals decreasing support for the inferred topology with increasing GC bias. Based on the results of this study, we report the first evidence that GC biased gene conversion may contribute to topological incongruence in studies based on ultraconserved elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silas Bossert
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
| | | | - Bonnie B Blaimer
- Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bryan N Danforth
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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10
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dos Santos CF, Acosta AL, Dorneles AL, dos Santos PDS, Blochtein B. Queens become workers: pesticides alter caste differentiation in bees. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31605. [PMID: 27530246 PMCID: PMC4987680 DOI: 10.1038/srep31605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bees are important for the world biodiversity and economy because they provide key pollination services in forests and crops. However, pesticide use in crops has adversely affected (decreased) queen production because of increased mortality among larvae. Here, we demonstrated that in vitro-reared queens of a neotropical social bee species (Plebeia droryana) also showed high larval mortality after exposure to an organophosphate pesticide (chlorpyrifos) via larval food. Moreover, most of the surviving larvae that were destined to develop into queens became workers more likely because they ate less food than expected without pesticide skewing thus caste differentiation in this bee species. This adverse effect has not been previously reported for any other social insects, such as honeybees or bumblebees. Queens are essential for breeding and colony growth. Therefore, if our data are applicable to other pantropical social bee species across the globe, it is likely that these bees are at a serious risk of failure to form new colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles F. dos Santos
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Ecologia, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André L. Acosta
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 321, Travessa 14, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Computação - BioComp. Escola Politécnica, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Trav. 3, n. 380, 05508-010 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andressa L. Dorneles
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Ecologia, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrick D. S. dos Santos
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Ecologia, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Betina Blochtein
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Ecologia, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Instituto do Meio Ambiente, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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11
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Porto DS, Almeida EAB, Vilhelmsen L. Comparative morphology of internal structures of the mesosoma of bees with an emphasis on the corbiculate clade (Apidae: Apini). Zool J Linn Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego S. Porto
- Laboratório de Biologia Comparada e Abelhas (LBCA); Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Filosofia; Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP); Universidade de São Paulo; Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900 Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-901 Brazil
| | - Eduardo A. B. Almeida
- Laboratório de Biologia Comparada e Abelhas (LBCA); Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Filosofia; Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP); Universidade de São Paulo; Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900 Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-901 Brazil
| | - Lars Vilhelmsen
- Biosystematics; Natural History Museum of Denmark; Faculty of Science; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 15 Copenhagen DK-2100 Denmark
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12
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Wappler T, Labandeira CC, Engel MS, Zetter R, Grímsson F. Specialized and Generalized Pollen-Collection Strategies in an Ancient Bee Lineage. Curr Biol 2015; 25:3092-8. [PMID: 26585282 PMCID: PMC6485464 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Iconic examples of insect pollination have emphasized narrowly specialized pollinator mutualisms such as figs and fig wasps and yuccas and yucca moths. However, recent attention by pollination ecologists has focused on the broad spectra of pollinated plants by generalist pollinators such as bees. Bees have great impact for formulating hypotheses regarding specialization versus generalization in pollination mutualisms. We report the pollination biology of six northern European species of an extinct tribe of pollen-basket-bearing apine bees, Electrapini, of early-middle Eocene age, examined from two deposits of 48 and 44 million years in age. These bees exhibit a pattern of generalized, incidental pollen occurring randomly on their heads, thoraces, and abdomens, obtained from diverse, nectar-bearing plants. By contrast, a more restricted suite of pollen was acquired for metatibial pollen baskets (corbiculae) of the same bee taxa from a taxonomically much narrower suite of arborescent, evergreen hosts with uniform flower structure. The stereotyped plant sources of the specialist strategy of pollen collection consisted of pentamerous, radially symmetrical flowers with a conspicuous gynoecium surrounded by prominent nectar reward, organized in structurally similar compound inflorescences. Pollen specialization in bees occurs not for efficient pollination but rather in the corbiculate Electrapini as food for bee larvae (brood) and involves packing corbiculae with moistened pollen that rapidly loses viability with age. This specialist strategy was a well-developed preference by the early Eocene, providing a geochronologic midpoint assessment of bee pollen-collection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Wappler
- Steinmann Institute, University of Bonn, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Conrad C Labandeira
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA; Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Michael S Engel
- Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Reinhard Zetter
- Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14 (UZAII), 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Friðgeir Grímsson
- Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14 (UZAII), 1090 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Romiguier J, Cameron SA, Woodard SH, Fischman BJ, Keller L, Praz CJ. Phylogenomics Controlling for Base Compositional Bias Reveals a Single Origin of Eusociality in Corbiculate Bees. Mol Biol Evol 2015; 33:670-8. [DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msv258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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14
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I'Anson Price R, Grüter C. Why, when and where did honey bee dance communication evolve? Front Ecol Evol 2015. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2015.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Zhao ZL, Zhao HP, Ma GJ, Wu CW, Yang K, Feng XQ. Structures, properties, and functions of the stings of honey bees and paper wasps: a comparative study. Biol Open 2015; 4:921-8. [PMID: 26002929 PMCID: PMC4571097 DOI: 10.1242/bio.012195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Through natural selection, many animal organs with similar functions have evolved different macroscopic morphologies and microscopic structures. Here, we comparatively investigate the structures, properties and functions of honey bee stings and paper wasp stings. Their elegant structures were systematically observed. To examine their behaviors of penetrating into different materials, we performed penetration-extraction tests and slow motion analyses of their insertion process. In comparison, the barbed stings of honey bees are relatively difficult to be withdrawn from fibrous tissues (e.g. skin), while the removal of paper wasp stings is easier due to their different structures and insertion skills. The similarities and differences of the two kinds of stings are summarized on the basis of the experiments and observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Zhao
- AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hong-Ping Zhao
- AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guo-Jun Ma
- State Key Lab of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Wu
- State Key Lab of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Kai Yang
- AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xi-Qiao Feng
- AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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16
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de Souza Canevazzi NC, Noll FB. Cladistic analysis of self-grooming indicates a single origin of eusociality in corbiculate bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Cladistics 2015; 31:126-141. [PMID: 34758580 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioural traits have been used extensively in recent years as an important character source for making phylogenetic inferences. The phylogenetic positions of the members of the Apini subtribe are increasingly being debated, and new characters must be examined. We analysed the presence and absence of certain behavioural patterns, as well as the sequences of some of these patterns, to generate 79 characters. Eleven species comprised the ingroup, and Xylocopini comprised the outgroup. Parsimony analysis showed that the most parsimonious tree was (Euglossina(Bombina(Apina+Meliponina))). This topology is consistent with most studies that use morphological data and the few that use behavioural data, which suggests that advanced eusociality arose only once in a common ancestor of the clade Apina plus Meliponina; however, this hypothesis is inconsistent with our molecular data. Thus we considered behavioural, molecular, and morphological data and recovered the same topology, in which eusociality has a single origin in corbiculate bees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Barbosa Noll
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, IBILCE-UNESP, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, CEP 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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17
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Dehon M, Michez D, Nel A, Engel MS, De Meulemeester T. Wing shape of four new bee fossils (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) provides insights to bee evolution. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108865. [PMID: 25354170 PMCID: PMC4212905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bees (Anthophila) are one of the major groups of angiosperm-pollinating insects and accordingly are widely studied in both basic and applied research, for which it is essential to have a clear understanding of their phylogeny, and evolutionary history. Direct evidence of bee evolutionary history has been hindered by a dearth of available fossils needed to determine the timing and tempo of their diversification, as well as episodes of extinction. Here we describe four new compression fossils of bees from three different deposits (Miocene of la Cerdanya, Spain; Oligocene of Céreste, France; and Eocene of the Green River Formation, U.S.A.). We assess the similarity of the forewing shape of the new fossils with extant and fossil taxa using geometric morphometrics analyses. Predictive discriminant analyses show that three fossils share similar forewing shapes with the Apidae [one of uncertain tribal placement and perhaps near Euglossini, one definitive bumble bee (Bombini), and one digger bee (Anthophorini)], while one fossil is more similar to the Andrenidae. The corbiculate fossils are described as Euglossopteryx biesmeijeri De Meulemeester, Michez, & Engel, gen. nov. sp. nov. (type species of Euglossopteryx Dehon & Engel, n. gen.) and Bombus cerdanyensis Dehon, De Meulemeester, & Engel, sp. nov. They provide new information on the distribution and timing of particular corbiculate groups, most notably the extension into North America of possible Eocene-Oligocene cooling-induced extinctions. Protohabropoda pauli De Meulemeester & Michez, gen. nov. sp. nov. (type species of Protohabropoda Dehon & Engel, n. gen.) reinforces previous hypotheses of anthophorine evolution in terms of ecological shifts by the Oligocene from tropical to mesic or xeric habitats. Lastly, a new fossil of the Andreninae, Andrena antoinei Michez & De Meulemeester, sp. nov., further documents the presence of the today widespread genus Andrena Fabricius in the Late Oligocene of France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Dehon
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Denis Michez
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - André Nel
- Département d'entomologie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Michael S. Engel
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America, and Division of Entomology (Paleoentomology), Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Thibaut De Meulemeester
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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18
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da Silva M, Noll FB, Carpenter JM. The Usefulness of the Sting Apparatus in Phylogenetic Reconstructions in Vespids, with Emphasis on the Epiponini: More Support for the Single Origin of Eusociality in the Vespidae. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2014; 43:134-142. [PMID: 27193520 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-013-0179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at testing the utility of characters derived from chitinous structures of the sting apparatus for elucidating relationships among the genera of Epiponini. The characters were obtained from the spiracular and quadrate plates, gonostylus, and sting. The data matrix was analyzed using parsimony with equal and implied weighting. Sting characters were also optimized on the tree of Wenzel & Carpenter (1994). Consensus of analysis using equal weights parsimony resulted in a tree with low resolution, but the use of implied weighting improved the results and a consensus tree with a better resolution was obtained. Implied weighting analysis showed an interesting result with Vespinae and Epiponini (the taxa that present the highest degree of sociality) together in a clade. The overall uniformity in morphology of sting apparatus and a possible influence of sociality on morphology could explain these results. The evolution of some characters is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M da Silva
- Lab de Aculeata, Depto Zoologia e Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Univ Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil.
| | - F B Noll
- Lab de Aculeata, Depto Zoologia e Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Univ Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - J M Carpenter
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
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Danforth BN, Cardinal S, Praz C, Almeida EAB, Michez D. The impact of molecular data on our understanding of bee phylogeny and evolution. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2012; 58:57-78. [PMID: 22934982 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of bee phylogeny has improved over the past fifteen years as a result of new data, primarily nucleotide sequence data, and new methods, primarily model-based methods of phylogeny reconstruction. Phylogenetic studies based on single or, more commonly, multilocus data sets have helped resolve the placement of bees within the superfamily Apoidea; the relationships among the seven families of bees; and the relationships among bee subfamilies, tribes, genera, and species. In addition, molecular phylogenies have played an important role in inferring evolutionary patterns and processes in bees. Phylogenies have provided the comparative framework for understanding the evolution of host-plant associations and pollen specialization, the evolution of social behavior, and the evolution of parasitism. In this paper, we present an overview of significant discoveries in bee phylogeny based primarily on the application of molecular data. We review the phylogenetic hypotheses family-by-family and then describe how the new phylogenetic insights have altered our understanding of bee biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan N Danforth
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
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20
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Rehan SM, Leys R, Schwarz MP. A mid-cretaceous origin of sociality in xylocopine bees with only two origins of true worker castes indicates severe barriers to eusociality. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34690. [PMID: 22511959 PMCID: PMC3325255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The origin of sterile worker castes, resulting in eusociality, represents one of the major evolutionary transitions in the history of life. Understanding how eusociality has evolved is therefore an important issue for understanding life on earth. Here we show that in the large bee subfamily Xylocopinae, a simple form of sociality was present in the ancestral lineage and there have been at least four reversions to purely solitary nesting. The ancestral form of sociality did not involve morphological worker castes and maximum colony sizes were very small. True worker castes, entailing a life-time commitment to non-reproductive roles, have evolved only twice, and only one of these resulted in discrete queen-worker morphologies. Our results indicate extremely high barriers to the evolution of eusociality. Its origins are likely to have required very unusual life-history and ecological circumstances, rather than the amount of time that selection can operate on more simple forms of sociality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Rehan
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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21
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Cardinal S, Danforth BN. The antiquity and evolutionary history of social behavior in bees. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21086. [PMID: 21695157 PMCID: PMC3113908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A long-standing controversy in bee social evolution concerns whether highly eusocial behavior has evolved once or twice within the corbiculate Apidae. Corbiculate bees include the highly eusocial honey bees and stingless bees, the primitively eusocial bumble bees, and the predominantly solitary or communal orchid bees. Here we use a model-based approach to reconstruct the evolutionary history of eusociality and date the antiquity of eusocial behavior in apid bees, using a recent molecular phylogeny of the Apidae. We conclude that eusociality evolved once in the common ancestor of the corbiculate Apidae, advanced eusociality evolved independently in the honey and stingless bees, and that eusociality was lost in the orchid bees. Fossil-calibrated divergence time estimates reveal that eusociality first evolved at least 87 Mya (78 to 95 Mya) in the corbiculates, much earlier than in other groups of bees with less complex social behavior. These results provide a robust new evolutionary framework for studies of the organization and genetic basis of social behavior in honey bees and their relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Cardinal
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America.
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22
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Bradley TJ, Briscoe AD, Brady SG, Contreras HL, Danforth BN, Dudley R, Grimaldi D, Harrison JF, Kaiser JA, Merlin C, Reppert SM, Vandenbrooks JM, Yanoviak SP. Episodes in insect evolution. Integr Comp Biol 2009; 49:590-606. [PMID: 21665843 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icp043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This article derives from a society-wide symposium organized by Timothy Bradley and Adriana Briscoe and presented at the 2009 annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology in Boston, Massachusetts. David Grimaldi provided the opening presentation in which he outlined the major evolutionary events in the formation and subsequent diversification of the insect clade. This presentation was followed by speakers who detailed the evolutionary history of specific physiological and/or behavioral traits that have caused insects to be both ecologically successful and fascinating as subjects for biological study. These include a review of the evolutionary history of the insects, the origins of flight, osmoregulation, the evolution of tracheal systems, the evolution of color vision, circadian clocks, and the evolution of eusociality. These topics, as covered by the speakers, provide an overview of the pattern and timing of evolutionary diversification and specialization in the group of animals we know as insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Bradley
- *Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2525, USA;Department of Entomology and Laboratories of Analytical Biology, National Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA;Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;Division of Invertebrate Zoology, Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA;Section of Organismal, Integrative and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287-4501, USA;Department of Basic Sciences, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA;Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA;Department of Biology, University of Arkansas Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
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23
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Hinojosa-Díaz IA, Feria-Arroyo TP, Engel MS. Potential distribution of orchid bees outside their native range: The cases ofEulaema polychroma(Mocsáry) andEuglossa viridissimaFriese in the USA (Hymenoptera: Apidae). DIVERS DISTRIB 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00549.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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24
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Hines HM. Historical biogeography, divergence times, and diversification patterns of bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus). Syst Biol 2008; 57:58-75. [PMID: 18275002 DOI: 10.1080/10635150801898912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bumble bees (Bombus) are a cold-adapted, largely alpine group that can elucidate patterns of Holarctic historical biogeography, particularly in comparison to the alpine plants with which they likely coevolved. A recently published molecular phylogeny of bumble bees provides uniquely comprehensive species sampling for exploring historical patterns of distribution and diversification. Using this phylogeny and detailed data on extant distributions, I reconstruct the historical distribution of bumble bees in a temporal framework, estimating divergence times using fossil data and molecular rates derived from the literature. The nearly comprehensive phylogeny allows assessment of the tempo of diversification within the bumble bees using lineage-through-time plots and diversification statistics, which have been performed with special consideration to confidence intervals. These analyses reveal movements of Bombus concordant with geographic and climatic events of the late Cenozoic. The initial diversification of extant bumble bee lineages was estimated at around 25 to 40 Ma, near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary 34 Ma, a period of dramatic global cooling. Dispersal-vicariance analysis (DIVA) predicted an Old World Bombus ancestor, with early diversification events largely restricted to the eastern Old World. The numerous intercontinental dispersal events occurred mostly in the direction of Old World to New World and North America to South America. Early movements from the Palearctic into the Nearctic most likely took place after 20 Ma and may have coincided with a period of Miocene cooling that gave rise to taiga habitat across Beringia. Subsequent dispersal between these regions is estimated to have occurred among boreal and tundra-adapted species mostly in the last 5 million years. Radiations are estimated in both Nearctic and Neotropical regions at approximately 6 to 8 Ma and after 3.5 Ma, concordant with the opening of land corridors between the continents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Hines
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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25
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Hughes WOH, Ratnieks FLW, Oldroyd BP. Multiple paternity or multiple queens: two routes to greater intracolonial genetic diversity in the eusocial Hymenoptera. J Evol Biol 2008; 21:1090-5. [PMID: 18422530 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01532.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the evolution of multiple mating by females (polyandry) is an important question in behavioural ecology. Most leading explanations for polyandry by social insect queens are based upon a postulated fitness benefit from increased intracolonial genetic diversity, which also arises when colonies are headed by multiple queens (polygyny). An indirect test of the genetic diversity hypotheses is therefore provided by the relationship between polyandry and polygyny across species, which should be negative if the genetic diversity hypotheses are correct. Here, we conduct a powerful comparative investigation of the relationship between polyandry and polygyny for 241 species of eusocial Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps). We find a clear and significant negative relationship between polyandry and polygyny after controlling for phylogeny. These results strongly suggest that fitness benefits resulting from increased intracolonial genetic diversity have played an important role in the evolution of polyandry, and possibly polygyny, in social insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- W O H Hughes
- Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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26
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Whitfield JB, Kjer KM. Ancient rapid radiations of insects: challenges for phylogenetic analysis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2008; 53:449-72. [PMID: 17877448 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ento.53.103106.093304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenies of major groups of insects based on both morphological and molecular data have sometimes been contentious, often lacking the data to distinguish between alternative views of relationships. This paucity of data is often due to real biological and historical causes, such as shortness of time spans between divergences for evolution to occur and long time spans after divergences for subsequent evolutionary changes to obscure the earlier ones. Another reason for difficulty in resolving some of the relationships using molecular data is the limited spectrum of genes so far developed for phylogeny estimation. For this latter issue, there is cause for current optimism owing to rapid increases in our knowledge of comparative genomics. At least some historical patterns of divergence may, however, continue to defy our attempts to completely reconstruct them with confidence, at least using current strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B Whitfield
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61821, USA.
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