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Wansook S, Mahasongkram K, Chruekamlow N, Pata S, Kasinrerk W, Khunkaewla P. Anti-human CD63 monoclonal antibody COS3A upregulates monocyte-induced IL-10 excretion leading to diminution of CD3-mediated T cell response. Mol Immunol 2019; 114:591-599. [PMID: 31536880 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human CD63 has been reported to play a role either as an inhibitor or as a co-stimulator of T- cell responses, although the mechanism of this is unclear. In this study, an anti-human CD63 monoclonal antibody (mAb) COS3A was used to monitor the role of CD63 in T-cell activation. MAb COS3A could inhibit CD3-mediated T-cell proliferation and CD25 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), used as a study model, but the suppressive effect was not observed when purified T-cells were used instead of PBMCs. The inhibitory phenomenon was associated with downregulation of IL-2 and IFN-γ by T-cells, but upregulation of IL-10 by monocytes. Neutralizing IL-10 with anti-IL-10 mAb improved the T-cell response, indicating the role of IL-10 in T-cell suppression. In this study, monocytes were demonstrated to play a role in impeding T-cell activation by the anti-CD63 mAb COS3A. This is the first evidence that anti-CD63 mAb induces IL-10 secretion by monocytes, which later play a role in T-cell hypo-responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan Wansook
- Biochemistry-Electrochemistry Research Unit, School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Kodchakorn Mahasongkram
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nuttaphol Chruekamlow
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Supansa Pata
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Watchara Kasinrerk
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Panida Khunkaewla
- Biochemistry-Electrochemistry Research Unit, School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
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Lazo PA. Functional implications of tetraspanin proteins in cancer biology. Cancer Sci 2007; 98:1666-77. [PMID: 17727684 PMCID: PMC11159418 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00584.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Revised: 06/30/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human tetraspanin proteins are a group of 33 highly hydrophobic membrane proteins that can form complexes in cholesterol-rich microdomains, distinct from lipid rafts, on the cell surface in a dynamic and reversible way. These complexes are composed of a core of several tetraspanin proteins that organize other membrane proteins such as integrins, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antigens and some growth factor receptors. Although most tetraspanin proteins have been studied individually, tetraspanin proteins and their complexes can have effects on cellular adhesion and motility, interactions with stroma or affect signaling by growth factors, and for most of them no ligand has been identified. Functionally these proteins have been mostly studied in cells of lymphoid lineage, but they are present in all cell types. Data is also available for some tumors, where some tetraspanins have been identified as metastasis suppressors, but their significance is still not clear. Some of their implications in tumor biology and the areas that deserve further study are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A Lazo
- Programa de Oncología Translacional, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, E-37007, Spain.
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Hernández-Torres J, Yunta M, Lazo PA. Differential cooperation between regulatory sequences required for human CD53 gene expression. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:35405-13. [PMID: 11443129 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m104723200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD53 is a tetraspanin protein mostly expressed in to the lymphoid-myeloid lineage. We have characterized the human CD53 gene regulatory region. Within the proximal 2 kilobases, and with opposite transcriptional orientation, is located the promoter-enhancer of a second gene, which does not affect CD53. Twenty-four copies of a CA dinucleotide repeat separate these two gene promoters. The proximal enhanceosome of the human CD53 gene is comprised between residues -266 and +84, and can be subdivided into four major subregions, two of them within exon 1. Mutational analysis identified several cooperating sequences. An Sp1 and an ets-1 site, at positions -115 and +62, respectively, are essential for transcriptional competence in all cell lines. Five other regulatory sequences have a dual role, activator or down-regulator, depending on the cell line. At the end of the non-coding exon 1, +64 to +83, there is a second ets-1 regulatory element, which is required for high level of transcription, in cooperation with the Sp1 site, in K562 and Molt-4, but not in Namalwa cells, where it functions as a repressor. This Sp1 site also cooperates with another ets-1/PU.1 site at -172. Different cell types use different regulatory sequences in the enhanceosome for the expression of the same gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hernández-Torres
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Lazo PA, Cuevas L, Gutierrez del Arroyo A, Orúe E. Ligation of CD53/OX44, a tetraspan antigen, induces homotypic adhesion mediated by specific cell-cell interactions. Cell Immunol 1997; 178:132-40. [PMID: 9225004 DOI: 10.1006/cimm.1997.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The CD53 antigen is a member of the tetraspan family of proteins with unknown function. Stimulation of rat IR938F B-cell lymphoma cells with monoclonal antibody MRC OX44 (anti-rat CD53) triggered a homotypic adhesion reaction which reached a maximum effect at 24 hr. This effect occurred at 37 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C. Adhesion was prevented by removal of divalent cations, Ca2+ and Mg2+, with EGTA and EDTA as chelating agents. The adhesion induced by MRC OX44 was inhibited by cycloheximide and actinomycin D, suggesting that de novo protein synthesis was required for this effect. The addition of mAb WT1 against rat LFA-1 (CD11a) antigen had no effect on adhesion, suggesting that the cell-cell interaction is not mediated by the expression of LFA-1 antigen. The intracellular signals required to induce adhesion were inhibited by two tyrosine kinase inhibitors, genistein and piceatannol. Wortmannin, a selective inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity, completely blocked adhesion. Two protein kinase C inhibitors, H7 and bisindolylmaleimide, inhibited the adhesion, suggesting that part of the signal is mediated by PKC. Electron microscopy of aggregated cells showed that the interaction is localized to short membrane regions, where contact areas of higher density in opposing zones from both cells were detected. We postulate that there is a common adhesion mechanism that is modulated by several tetraspan family members and associated proteins. This adhesion structure might represent a novel form of cell communication among lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Lazo
- Unidad de Genética y Medicina Molecular (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.
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Miyamoto H, Homma M, Hotta H. Molecular cloning of the murine homologue of CD63/ME491 and detection of its strong expression in the kidney and activated macrophages. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1994; 1217:312-6. [PMID: 8148377 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(94)90291-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The mouse homologue of CD63/ME491 (Mu-CD63) was molecularly cloned and analyzed. Mu-CD63 exhibited a strikingly high similarity to CD63/ME491 and the rat homologue. Northern blot analysis revealed that Mu-CD63 mRNA was expressed strongly in the kidney of adult mice, especially in the glomerulus fraction, implying the possibility that Mu-CD63 plays an important role in maintaining normal renal function. Activated macrophages and splenocytes exhibited strong expression of Mu-CD63 mRNA, whereas cultured thymocytes barely expressed the mRNA irrespective of cell activation. Taken together, the present results suggest that Mu-CD63 expression is associated with differentiation and/or development of certain cell types, but not necessarily with cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Miyamoto
- Department of Microbiology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
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Hotta H, Miyamoto H, Hara I, Takahashi N, Homma M. Genomic structure of the ME491/CD63 antigen gene and functional analysis of the 5'-flanking regulatory sequences. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 185:436-42. [PMID: 1599482 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(05)81004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Genomic structure of the ME491/CD63 antigen gene and promoter activity of the 5'-flanking regulatory sequences were studied. The antigen gene consists of eight exons that span 4 kilobase-pairs. Primer extension analysis with RNA from cultured human cells identified three major transcription initiation sites. The 5'-flanking region of exon 1 has features characteristic to promoters of many house-keeping genes and growth-regulating genes. The region is highly GC rich and contains potential binding sites for transcription factors such as Sp1 and ETF, but not a TATA box. The 5'-flanking sequence exerted strong promoter activity when linked to a reporter gene. Deletion mutant analysis of the 5'-flanking sequence has strongly suggested that a potential binding site for AP-1 plays an important role in positively regulating the gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hotta
- Department of Microbiology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
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Takahashi N, Hotta H, Homma M. Activation and suppression of a cryptic promoter in the intron of the human melanoma-associated ME491 antigen gene. Jpn J Cancer Res 1991; 82:1239-44. [PMID: 1752782 PMCID: PMC5918325 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1991.tb01787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A deletion mutant of the human melanoma-associated ME491 antigen gene starting at the first intron (lambda R31) differentially mediates the antigen expression depending on the cell type. Cryptic promoter activity residing in a 270-base-pair (bp) fragment of the first intron was examined by primer extension analysis and recombinant chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) assay. The cryptic promoter, further localized within a 153-bp fragment (fr153BN), exerted its effect in Ltk- and H-ras-transformed NIH3T3 (3T3-Hras) but not in parental NIH3T3 cells. The results suggested that the cryptic promoter was associated with a novel ras-responsive positive regulatory element, since fr153BN did not contain an AP-1-binding sequence motif, known as the ras-responsive enhancer element. The cryptic promoter activity of fr153BN was suppressed by an upstream 121-bp fragment (fr121SB) which contained a consensus sequence motif for binding of a repressor protein, GC factor, and regions showing sequence similarity with putative cis-acting repressor elements found in the vimentin gene. The degree of the suppression was greater in 3T3-Hras than in Ltk- cells. These positive and negative regulatory elements may be differentially involved in the regulation of ME491 antigen expression depending on the cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takahashi
- Department of Microbiology, Kobe University School of Medicine
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Molecular cloning of cDNA for the human tumor-associated antigen CO-029 and identification of related transmembrane antigens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:6833-7. [PMID: 2395876 PMCID: PMC54632 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.17.6833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The human tumor-associated antigen CO-029 is a monoclonal antibody-defined cell surface glycoprotein of 27-34 kDa. By using the high-efficiency COS cell expression system, a full-length cDNA clone for CO-029 was isolated. When transiently expressed in COS cells, the cDNA clone directed the synthesis of an antigen reactive to monoclonal antibody CO-029 in mixed hemadsorption and immunoblot assays. Sequence analysis revealed that CO-029 belongs to a family of cell surface antigens that includes the melanoma-associated antigen ME491, the leukocyte cell surface antigen CD37, and the Sm23 antigen of the parasitic helminth Schistosoma mansoni. CO-029 and ME491 antigen expression and the effect of their corresponding monoclonal antibodies on cell growth were compared in human tumor cell lines of various histologic origins.
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