A genetic variation in APE1 is associated with gastric cancer survival in a Chinese population

Association between APE1 rs1760944 and rs1130409 polymorphism with prostate cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Recently, some studies have suggested that the association of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) gene polymorphism with prostate cancer (PCa) risk, but there are still some controversies. Hence, we elaborated the relationship between APE1 rs1760944 and rs1130409 gene and PCa risk through systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

METHODS

As of March 2020, EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Science Direct/Elsevier, MEDLINE and CNKI were used for systematic literature retrieval to investigate the correlation between APE1 rs1760944 and rs1130409 gene polymorphism with PCa risk. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager and Stata software.

RESULTS

Seven studies were distinguished, consists of 1769 cases of PCa patients and 2237 normal controls. Our results illustrated that there are significant correlation between the APE1 rs1760944 gene polymorphism and PCa in all genetic models (P < .05). The combined odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were as follows: Additive model (ORs 0.62, 95%, CI [0.39, 0.97]); Codominant model (ORs 0.74, 95% CI [0.58, 0.95]); Dominant model (ORs 0.75, 95%, CI [0.59, 0.95]); Recessive model (ORs 0.63, 95% CI [0.41, 0.96]); Allele model (ORs 0.78, 95% CI [0.65, 0.94]). There also have significant associations between APE1 rs1130409 polymorphisms and PCa in all genetic models (P < .05). The combined odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were as follows: Additive model (ORs 1.37, 95%, CI [1.01, 1.85]); Codominant model (ORs 1.21, 95% CI [1.01, 1.44]); Dominant model (ORs 1.33, 95%, CI [1.02, 1.73]); Recessive model (ORs 1.74, 95% CI [1.06, 2.85]); Allele model (ORs 1.14, 95% CI [1.00, 1.29]).

CONCLUSION

This study suggests that APE1 rs1760944 polymorphisms might be a protective factor of PCa, and APE1 rs1130409 is suggested to be a risk factor of PCa. APE1 rs1760944 and rs1130409 polymorphisms may be used in the risk assessment of PCa.

Association between apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 rs1760944 T>G polymorphism and susceptibility of cancer: a meta-analysis involving 21764 subjects

BACKGROUND

Previous case-control studies have suggested that apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) rs1760944 T>G polymorphism may be associated with cancer risk. Here, we carried out an updated meta-analysis to focus on the correlation between APE1 rs1760944 T>G locus and the risk of cancer.

METHODS

We used the crude odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the possible relationship between the APE1 rs1760944 T>G polymorphism and cancer risk. Heterogeneity, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also harnessed to check the potential bias of the present study.

RESULTS

Twenty-three independent studies involving 10166 cancer cases and 11598 controls were eligible for this pooled analysis. We found that APE1 rs1760944 T>G polymorphism decreased the risk of cancer in four genetic models (G vs. T: OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.83-0.92; P<0.001; GG vs. TT: OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.69-0.86; P<0.001; GG/TG vs. TT: OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.77-0.89, P<0.001 and GG vs. TT/TG: OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80-0.92, P<0.001). Results of subgroup analyses also demonstrated that this single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) modified the risk among lung cancer, breast cancer, osteosarcoma, and Asians. Evidence of publication bias was found in the present study. When we treated the publication bias with 'trim-and-fill' method, the adjusted ORs and CIs were not significantly changed.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, current evidence highlights that the APE1 rs1760944 T>G polymorphism is a protective factor for cancer susceptibility. In the future, case-control studies with detailed risk factors are needed to confirm or refute our findings.

Polymorphisms in BER genes and risk of breast cancer: evidences from 69 studies with 33760 cases and 33252 controls

Recently, numerous studies have reported an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in base-excision repair genes and the risk of developing breast cancer, however there is no consensus. The aim of this meta-analysis was to review and quantitatively assess the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms in base-excision repair genes and breast cancer risk. The results suggested that a mutation of T to G in rs1760944 may lead to a higher risk of developing breast cancer in the Mongoloid population, and G to A of rs25487 significantly reduced the risk of breast cancer in Mongoloid and Caucasoid populations. In contrast to the CC and CG genotypes, the GG genotype of rs1052133 located on theOGG1 gene appeared to be a protective factor against developing breast cancer in both Mongoloid and Caucasoid populations. There was no evidence to suggest that rs25489, rs1799782, rs1130409, rs1805414 and rs1136410 were associated with breast cancer risk. In conclusion, this study provides evidence to support the theory that DNA repair genes are associated with breast cancer risk, providing information to further understand breast cancer etiology. and The potential biological pathways linking DNA repair, ethnic background, environment and breast cancer require further investigation.

rs1760944 Polymorphism in the APE1 Region is Associated with Risk and Prognosis of Osteosarcoma in the Chinese Han Population

The effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at APE1 have been investigated in several types of cancer. However, no reports of the association of APE1 polymorphisms with osteosarcoma (OS) have been published. The present study was designed to determine whether APE1 polymorphisms (rs1130409, rs1760944, rs1760941, rs2275008, rs17111750) are associated with OS. A 2-stage case-control study was performed in a total of 378 OS patients and 616 normal controls. Individuals carrying TG and GG genotypes had significantly lower risk of developing OS than those with the WT genotype TT at rs1760944 (OR = 0.65, 95%CI 0.49–0.86; OR = 0.50, 95%CI 0.34–0.74, respectively). OS patients with allele G at rs1760944 were less susceptible to low differentiation tumor and metastasis (OR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.54–0.98; OR = 0.63, 95%CI 0.43–0.92, respectively). Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank results revealed that OS patients harboring genotype GG and G allele at rs1760944 had better survival (P < 0.001 for both). In addition, the APE1 protein was underexpressed in individuals who carried G allele at rs1760944. This study suggested that APE1 rs1760944 polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of developing OS and better survival of OS patients.

Association of the rs1760944 polymorphism in the APEX1 base excision repair gene with risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a population from an endemic area in South China

BACKGROUND

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1) plays a central role in the repair of oxidative DNA lesions via base excision repair, and polymorphism in the APEX1 gene may affect susceptibility to carcinogenesis.

METHODS

Here, we assessed possible relationships between single-nucleotide polymorphism at APEX1 rs1760944 and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in 477 NPC patients and 558 healthy controls from Guangxi province, which is the second largest NPC endemic area in South China.

RESULTS

Genotype frequencies in controls were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Logistic regression analysis identified the genotypes GT or GG as associated with significantly lower risk than the genotype TT (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.745, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.573-0.970). This apparent protective effect of GT/GG was even greater among those with no smoking history (adjusted OR 0.679, 95%CI 0.494-0.934).

CONCLUSION

Our results suggest that APEX1 rs1760944 polymorphism may correlate with NPC susceptibility in a population from an endemic area in South China.

AT101 exerts a synergetic efficacy in gastric cancer patients with 5-FU based treatment through promoting apoptosis and autophagy

Gastric cancer remains a disease with a high mortality rate despite of multiple therapeutic strategies. So far, it is very important to develop new treatment approaches to improve current therapeutic efficacy in gastric cancer. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) involves in DNA base excision repair (BER) during DNA damage pathway. APE1 was found to be associated with poor overall survival with gastric cancer patients. In the in vitro experiment, we tested APE1 inhibitor-AT101 could potently inhibit gastric cancer cell growth and further induce cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy through p53-dependent pathway. Downregulation of APE1 by AT101 has ability to suppress gastric cancer cell migration and renewal through inhibition of CD133, Nanog and LC3expression. Based on findings that Her-2 positive expression cases has poor prognosis from our dataset and TCGA database, we investigated the role of AT101 in synergetic efficacy with 5-FU treatment in Her-2 overexpression gastric cancer in vivo, indicating that AT101 is able to enhance 5-FU in the shrinkage of xenograft mice tumor and induction of cell apoptosis. In summary, the data obtained from our study showed APE1 is guided as a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer. AT101 could be regarded as a potent inhibitor to promote chemotherapeutic sensitivity in patients with gastric cancer.

Relationship between apurinic endonuclease 1 Asp148Glu polymorphism and gastrointestinal cancer risk: An updated meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between apurinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) Asp148Glu polymorphism and the susceptibility to gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.

METHODS: We searched PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases updated on July 15, 2014 for relevant studies. Only case-control studies comparing APE1 Asp148Glu polymorphism and GI cancer risk were included. We excluded studies reporting only standardized incidence ratios without control groups and those without detailed genotyping data. Meta-analysis was performed on 17 studies involving 4856 cancer patients and 6136 cancer-free controls. Review Manager version 5.1 was used to perform the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated under the allele contrast, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant and recessive genetic models. We also conducted subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity and cancer type. Publication bias was evaluated using Begg’s test.

RESULTS: The meta-analysis showed a significant association between APE1 Asp148Glu polymorphism and GI cancer risk in three genetic models in the overall population (G vs T: OR = 1.18; 95%CI: 1.05-1.32; TG vs TT: OR = 1.28; 95%CI: 1.08-1.52; TG + GG vs TT: OR = 1.32; 95%CI: 1.10-1.57). Stratified analysis by ethnicity revealed a statistically increased GI cancer risk in Asians (G vs T: OR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.07-1.51; GG vs TT: OR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.05-2.38; TG vs TT: OR = 1.30; 95%CI, 1.01- 1.67; and TG + GG vs TT: OR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.07-1.78), but not in Caucasians. Further subgroup analysis by cancer type indicated that APE1 Asp148Glu polymorphism may contribute to gastric cancer risk. However, Asp148Glu has no significant association with colorectal or esophageal cancer risk in any genetic model.

CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that the APE1 Asp148Glu polymorphism G allele is associated with an increased GI cancer risk, especially in gastric cancer.

DNA repair and redox activities and inhibitors of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1): a comparative analysis and their scope and limitations toward anticancer drug development

The apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional enzyme involved in DNA repair and activation of transcription factors through its redox function. The evolutionarily conserved C- and N-termini are involved in these functions independently. It is also reported that the activity of APE1/Ref-1 abruptly increases several-fold in various human cancers. The control over the outcomes of these two functions is emerging as a new strategy to combine enhanced DNA damage and chemotherapy in order to tackle the major hurdle of increased cancer cell growth and proliferation. Studies have targeted these two domains individually for the design and development of inhibitors for APE1/Ref-1. Here, we have made, for the first time, an attempt at a comparative analysis of APE1/Ref-1 inhibitors that target both DNA repair and redox activities simultaneously. We further discuss their scope and limitations with respect to the development of potential anticancer agents.

Association between APE1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (rs1760944) and Cancer Risk: a Meta-Analysis Based on 6,419 Cancer Cases and 6,781 Case-free Controls

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is an essential enzyme in the base excision repair pathway. Epidemiological studies have suggested associations between APE1 rs1760944 polymorphism and cancer risk. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between APE1 rs1760944 polymorphism and cancer risk. We searched Pubmed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases until September 2013 to identify eligible studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the strength of the associations. 12 studies from 11 articles on APE1 rs1760944 genotypes and cancer risk were identified, including a total of 6,419 cancer cases and 6,781 case-free controls. Overall, APE1 rs1760944 polymorphism was significantly associated with the decreased risk of cancer in any genetic models (G vs. T: OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.82-0.90; homozygote comparison: OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.67-0.82; heterozygote comparison: OR =0.88, 95%CI = 0.81-0.95; dominant model TG+GG vs. TT: OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.76-0.89; recessive model GG vs. TT+TG: OR = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.75-0.88). In the stratified analysis by populations, the effect was remain in studies of Asian population (homozygote comparison: OR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.63-0.79; heterozygote comparison: OR = 0.86, 95 %CI = 0.79- 0.94; dominant model: OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.74 -0.87 and recessive model: OR = 0.78, 95%CI = 0.71-0.86). Moreover, a significantly decreased risk was found in lung cancer studies (homozygote comparison: OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.59-0.79; heterozygote comparison: OR = 0.86, 95%CI = 0.77- 0.98; dominant model: OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.72-0.90 and recessive model: OR= 0.77, 95% CI= 0.68-0.87). These findings support that APE1 rs1760944 polymorphism has a possible protective effect on cancer susceptibility particularly among Asians. Further studies based on different ethnicity and various cancer types are warranted to verify our findings.

A genetic polymorphism in TOX3 is associated with survival of gastric cancer in a Chinese population

Purpose

Recently, genetic polymorphism (rs3803662C>T) in TOX3 was reported to induce the risk of breast cancer. In this study, we hypothesized that rs3803662 could influence gastric cancer survival outcomes.

Methods

With multiplex SNaPshot method, we genotyped TOX3 rs3803662 in 880 gastric patients with surgical resection. The association between genotype and survival outcomes was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression analysis models and the log-rank test.

Results

There was no association in the analyses of rs3803662 and survival of gastric cancer. However, the stratified analysis by histology showed that rs3803662 CT/TT genotype was associated with a significantly better survival for diffuse-type gastric cancer (log-rank p = 0.030, hazard ratio [HR]  = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]  = 0.46–0.96), than the CC genotype. In addition, this favorable effect was especially obvious among gastric cancer patients with tumor size >5 cm, T3 and T4 depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, no drinking, no distant metastasis, no chemotherapy and gastric cardia cancer.

Conclusions

TOX3 rs3803662 might play an important role in the prognostic outcome and treatment of gastric cancer, especially perhaps further help in explaining the reduced risk of death associated with diffuse-type gastric cancer.

The DNA repair gene APE1 T1349G polymorphism and risk of gastric cancer in a Chinese population

Background

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) has a central role in the repair of apurinic apyrimidic sites through both its endonuclease and its phosphodiesterase activities. A common APE1 polymorphism, T1349G (rs3136820), was previously shown to be associated with the risk of cancers.

Objective

We hypothesized that the APE1 T1349G polymorphism is also associated with risk of gastric cancer.

Methods

In a hospital-based case-control study of 338 case patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancer and 362 cancer-free controls frequency-matched by age and sex, we genotyped the T1349G polymorphism and assessed its associations with risk of gastric cancer.

Results

Compared with the APE1 TT genotype, individuals with the variant TG/GG genotypes had a significantly increased risk of gastric cancer (odds ratio = 1.69, 95% confidence interval = 1.19–2.40), which was more pronounced among subgroups of aged ≤60 years, male, ever smokers, and ever drinkers. Further analyses revealed that the variant genotypes were associated with an increased risk for diffuse-type, low depth of tumor infiltration (T1 and T2), and lymph node metastasis gastric cancer.

Conclusions

The APE1 T1349G polymorphism may be a marker for the development of gastric cancer in the Chinese population. Larger studies are required to validate these findings in diverse populations.