1
|
Mengistie FA, Shewaye AB, Tasamma AT, Ayalew ZS. Clinical features of gastroesophageal reflux disease and erosive esophagitis: Insights from patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy in resource-limited Ethiopia. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3883-3893. [PMID: 39350789 PMCID: PMC11438650 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i34.3883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease worldwide with varying clinical presentations and risk factors. Prevalence data for Africa is lacking, but an increasing trend is expected due to demographic and epidemiological transitions. Although endoscopic studies for general gastrointestinal disorders have shown some patients with erosive esophagitis (EE), no studies in Ethiopia have investigated the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and severity of GERD using esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). AIM To assess the clinical features of GERD in Ethiopian patients who underwent EGD and determine the severity and risk factors of EE. METHODS We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cross-sectional study of 221 patients diagnosed with GERD and endoscopic findings of EE at Trauma Associated Severe Hemorrhage and Amniotic Membrane Stem Cell between January 2019 and August 2022. Data were collected from electronic medical records and phone call interviews. We used descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis with SPSS version 26 to identify the association between variables with a statistical significance set at P value < 0.05. RESULTS The mean ± SD age of the patients was 44.8 (± 15.9) years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1. The most commonly reported symptom was epigastric pain (80.5%), followed by heartburn (43%). Los Angeles (LA)-A EE was diagnosed in 71.1% of patients, followed by LA-B (14.9%), LA-C (7.7%), and LA-D (5.9%). Multivariate analysis showed that age 50 or above, presence of bleeding, and endoscopic findings of duodenitis/duodenopathy were significantly associated with severe EE (P < 0.05). Stricture and Barrett's esophagus were observed in 4.5% and 1.36% of patients with EE, respectively. CONCLUSION Most of the patients had milder EE with fewer complications. However, severe EE was more prevalent in older patients and those with duodenitis/duodenopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Firehiwot A Mengistie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheum Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Specialty Clinic, Addis Ababa 1000, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abate B Shewaye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Adera Medical and Surgical Center, Addis Ababa 1000, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abel T Tasamma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zekarias S Ayalew
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tian L, Huang G, Tian FY, Li JY, Zhao XH, Guo XR, Yu YB. Improving management in gastroesophageal reflux disease through leveraging WeChat platform for mobile health care: A randomized control trial. Dig Liver Dis 2024:S1590-8658(24)00972-1. [PMID: 39256072 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2024.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) refers to a clinical condition characterized by gastric content reflux into the esophagus, causing symptoms like acid regurgitation and heartburn. While patient education is essential for GERD treatment, traditional educational models often struggle to effectively improve treatment outcomes. METHODS Between January 2021 and April 2022, we enrolled 257 patients and assessed their GERD knowledge. The patients were randomly assigned to either the WeChat group (60 participants) for health education via WeChat platform or the control group (60 participants) for conventional education only. GERD-Q scores were collected at 1, 3, and 6 months post-intervention, with compliance and satisfaction assessed at the study's conclusion. RESULTS The overall awareness rate of GERD among patients was approximately 22.3 %. The WeChat group showed better compliance than the control group in terms of adhering to a proper diet, taking medication on time, and engaging in moderate exercise (P < 0.05 for all). Furthermore, the WeChat group demonstrated significantly higher treatment effectiveness and satisfaction than the control group (P < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION Patients have a relatively low level of knowledge regarding GERD. WeChat has the potential to facilitate lifestyle changes and improve compliance, treatment effectiveness, and treatment satisfaction among patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Feng-Yu Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Han Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin-Rui Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan-Bo Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Srikrishnaraj D, Hawel J, Schlachta CM, Elnahas A. Fundoplication vs. gastric fixation for the management of emergency hiatal hernia repairs: a retrospective cohort study. Surg Endosc 2024:10.1007/s00464-024-11113-1. [PMID: 39093412 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-024-11113-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a paucity of literature comparing safety outcomes between formal fundoplication and gastric fixation procedures for hiatal hernia repairs, especially in the emergency setting. The objective of this study was to evaluate 30-day clinical outcomes between fundoplication and gastric fixation performed in emergency hiatal hernia repairs. METHODS A retrospective cohort study using the National Surgery Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database from 2011 to 2021 was conducted. The study population was determined using ICD9/10 codes describing diaphragmatic hernia without obstruction or gangrene, with obstruction, and with gangrene. Elective cases were excluded. CPT codes were used to group fundoplication procedures and gastric fixation procedures. The primary outcome was the 30-day complication rate. Secondary outcomes included 30-day readmission, reoperation and mortality rates. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for clinically relevant confounding variables. RESULTS A total of 971 and 346 were in the fundoplication and gastric fixation groups, respectively. Fundoplication was associated with a significantly lower (p < 0.05) 30-day complication, reoperation and mortality rates. There was no statistically significant difference with respect to readmission. After adjustment, fundoplication was significantly associated with a decrease in odds of 30-day complications (OR 0.53, p < 0.001 95% CI 0.40-0.71) and mortality (OR 0.55, p = 0.033 95% CI 0.32-0.95). However, there was no significant difference with respect to 30-day readmission (OR 0.86, p = 0.449 95% CI 0.59-1.27) and reoperation (OR 0.66, p = 0.063 95% CI 0.42-1.02). CONCLUSION Patients with hiatal hernias that underwent emergent repair with fundoplication had a significantly lower 30-day complication and mortality rates compared to those who underwent gastric fixation procedures. Fundoplication is a safe and feasible approach to manage hiatal hernias in the emergency setting for select patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhuvaraha Srikrishnaraj
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Jeffrey Hawel
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher M Schlachta
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmad Elnahas
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bentley B, Chanaa F, Cecil A, Clayton S. The impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease on upper esophageal sphincter function: Insights from PH impedance and high-resolution manometry. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e70011. [PMID: 39155216 PMCID: PMC11330701 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.70011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pathophysiology has been established in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); however, less is understood regarding the role the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) plays in preventing laryngopharynphageal reflux. Sustained UES basal pressure prevents reflux into the pharynx while allowing relaxation during ingestion. We investigate whether GERD influences UES function via HRM and pH Impedance testing. A retrospective analysis of 318 patients who underwent high-resolution manometry with trans-nasally placed manometric catheter and 24-h multichannel intraluminal impedance pH monitoring. One hundred and forty-seven patients met Lyon consensus criteria for GERD based on acid exposure time >6%. The most common chief concern was heartburn or reflux, present in 59% of these patients. Upper esophageal sphincter basal and residual pressures were not significantly different between patients with GERD when compared to those without GERD, including a subanalysis of patients with extraesophageal symptoms. The LES basal and residual pressures, DCI and MNBI are statistically lower in patients with pathologic GERD. HRM and pH Impedance testing demonstrates no difference in UES basal and residual pressures based on pH diagnosis of GERD. We redemonstrate the association with hypotonic LES, diminished DCI and MNBI with GERD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blake Bentley
- Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Fadi Chanaa
- Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Alexa Cecil
- Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Steven Clayton
- Section on Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Loganathan P, Gajendran M, Perisetti A, Goyal H, Mann R, Wright R, Saligram S, Thosani N, Umapathy C. Endoscopic Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1120. [PMID: 39064549 PMCID: PMC11278532 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common diseases that occurs secondary to failure of the antireflux barrier system, resulting in the frequent and abnormal reflux of gastric contents to the esophagus. GERD is diagnosed in routine clinical practice based on the classic symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation. However, a subset of patients with atypical symptoms can pose challenges in diagnosing GERD. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is the most common initial diagnostic test used in the assessment for GERD, although half of these patients will not have any positive endoscopic findings suggestive of GERD. The advanced endoscopic techniques have improved the diagnostic yield of GERD diagnosis and its complications, such as Barrett's esophagus and early esophageal adenocarcinoma. These newer endoscopic tools can better detect subtle irregularities in the mucosa and vascular structures. The management options for GERD include lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and endoscopic and surgical interventions. The latest addition to the armamentarium is the minimally invasive endoscopic interventions in carefully selected patients, including the electrical stimulation of the LES, Antireflux mucosectomy, Radiofrequency therapy, Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication, Endoscopic Full-Thickness plication (GERDx™), and suturing devices. With the emergence of these advanced endoscopic techniques, it is crucial to understand their selection criteria, advantages, and disadvantages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshini Loganathan
- Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (P.L.); (M.G.); (R.W.)
| | - Mahesh Gajendran
- Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (P.L.); (M.G.); (R.W.)
| | - Abhilash Perisetti
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA;
| | - Hemant Goyal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Borland Groover, Baptist Medical Center-Downtown, Jacksonville, FL 32207, USA
| | - Rupinder Mann
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Randy Wright
- Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (P.L.); (M.G.); (R.W.)
| | - Shreyas Saligram
- Department of Gastroenterology, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Nirav Thosani
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Chandraprakash Umapathy
- Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Valinoti AC, Angeramo CA, Dreifuss N, Herbella FAM, Schlottmann F. MAGNETIC SPHINCTER AUGMENTATION DEVICE FOR GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE: EFFECTIVE, BUT POSTOPERATIVE DYSPHAGIA AND RISK OF EROSION SHOULD NOT BE UNDERESTIMATED. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA : ABCD = BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY 2024; 36:e1781. [PMID: 38451590 PMCID: PMC10911679 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020230063e1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic ring (MSA) implantation in the esophagus is an alternative surgical procedure to fundoplication for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. AIMS The aim of this study was to analyse the effectiveness and safety of magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS A systematic literature review of articles on MSA was performed using the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline) database between 2008 and 2021, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A random-effect model was used to generate a pooled proportion with 95% confidence interval (CI) across all studies. RESULTS A total of 22 studies comprising 4,663 patients with MSA were analysed. Mean follow-up was 27.3 (7-108) months. The weighted pooled proportion of symptom improvement and patient satisfaction were 93% (95%CI 83-98%) and 85% (95%CI 78-90%), respectively. The mean DeMeester score (pre-MSA: 34.6 vs. post-MSA: 8.9, p=0.03) and GERD-HRQL score (pre-MSA: 25.8 vs. post-MSA: 4.4, p<0.0001) improved significantly after MSA. The proportion of patients taking proton pump inhibitor (PPIs) decreased from 92.8 to 12.4% (p<0.0001). The weighted pooled proportions of dysphagia, endoscopic dilatation and gas-related symptoms were 18, 13, and 3%, respectively. Esophageal erosion occurred in 1% of patients, but its risk significantly increased for every year of MSA use (odds ratio - OR 1.40, 95%CI 1.11-1.77, p=0.004). Device removal was needed in 4% of patients. CONCLUSIONS Although MSA is a very effective treatment modality for GERD, postoperative dysphagia is common and the risk of esophageal erosion increases over time. Further studies are needed to determine the long-term safety of MSA placement in patients with GERD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Cesar Valinoti
- Hospital Aleman de Buenos Aires, Esophagus and Stomach Surgical Unit – Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Nicolas Dreifuss
- Hospital Aleman de Buenos Aires, Esophagus and Stomach Surgical Unit – Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Francisco Schlottmann
- Hospital Aleman de Buenos Aires, Esophagus and Stomach Surgical Unit – Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Valdovinos Díaz MA, Amieva-Balmori M, Carmona-Sánchez R, Coss-Adame E, Gómez-Escudero O, González-Martínez M, Huerta-Iga F, Morel-Cerda E, Remes-Troche JM, Tamayo-de la Cuesta JL, Torres-Villalobos G, Valdovinos-García LR, Vázquez-Elizondo G, Villar-Chávez AS, Arenas-Martínez JA. Good clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. An expert review from the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA DE MEXICO (ENGLISH) 2024; 89:121-143. [PMID: 38580493 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is very prevalent in the general population, with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, requiring accurate diagnosis and treatment. AIM The aim of this expert review is to establish good clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and personalized treatment of GERD. METHODS The good clinical practice recommendations were produced by a group of experts in GERD, members of the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología (AMG), after carrying out an extensive review of the published literature and discussing each recommendation at a face-to-face meeting. This document does not aim to be a clinical practice guideline with the methodology such a document requires. RESULTS Fifteen experts on GERD formulated 27 good clinical practice recommendations for recognizing the symptoms and complications of GERD, the rational use of diagnostic tests and medical treatment, the identification and management of refractory GERD, the overlap with functional disorders, endoscopic and surgical treatment, and GERD in the pregnant woman, older adult, and the obese patient. CONCLUSIONS An accurate diagnosis of GERD is currently possible, enabling the prescription of a personalized treatment in patients with this condition. The goal of the good clinical practice recommendations by the group of experts from the AMG presented in this document is to aid both the general practitioner and specialist in the process of accurate diagnosis and treatment, in the patient with GERD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Amieva-Balmori
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Digestiva y Motilidad Intestinal, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas de la Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - R Carmona-Sánchez
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Práctica privada, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - E Coss-Adame
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - O Gómez-Escudero
- Clínica de Gastroenterología, Endoscopia y Motilidad Gastrointestinal, Endoneurogastro, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - M González-Martínez
- Departamento de Endoscopia, Hospital de Especialidades del CMN Siglo XXI IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - F Huerta-Iga
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Ángeles Torreón, Torreón, Mexico
| | - E Morel-Cerda
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - J M Remes-Troche
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Digestiva y Motilidad Intestinal, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas de la Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - J L Tamayo-de la Cuesta
- Servicio de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - G Torres-Villalobos
- Cirugía Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - G Vázquez-Elizondo
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Centro de Enfermedades Digestivas ONCARE, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - A S Villar-Chávez
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Ángeles Acoxpa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J A Arenas-Martínez
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meyer JC, MacBride-Stewart S, Fadare JO, Abdulrahman Jairoun A, Haque M, Massele A, Kumar S, Sefah IA, P Skosana P, Godman B. Key Considerations From a Health Authority Perspective When Proton Pump Inhibitors Are Used to Treat Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Their Implications. Cureus 2022; 14:e31918. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
9
|
The Outcomes of Laparoscopic Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch on Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease: the Mayo Clinic Experience. Obes Surg 2021; 31:4363-4370. [PMID: 34292439 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05581-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The outcomes of laparoscopic biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) on gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) are not well elucidated. MATERIAL/METHODS This retrospective review included patients undergoing laparoscopic primary BPD-DS at Mayo Clinic from 2009 to 2019. GERD parameters analyzed included subjective symptom report/anti-reflux medication intake and/or endoscopic findings. GERD-HRQL questionnaire was also utilized post-operatively. Three subgroups were employed to stratify patients depending on GERD outcomes: the "No-effect" subgroup included patients where surgery did not affect either positively (GERD resolution) or negatively (de novo GERD) GERD outcome, "De novo GERD" subgroup, and "GERD-resolved" subgroup. Multinomial logistic modeling was used to examine associations with the 3-level GERD subgroup (p<0.05). RESULTS Seventy-six patients were included in the analysis. Thirty-four (44.7%) patients were found to be in the "GERD-resolved" subgroup, 28 (36.8%) patients in the "No-effect" subgroup, and 14 (18.4%) patients in the "De novo GERD" subgroup. Multinomial logistic modeling showed that patients with pre-surgery diabetes mellitus (DM) had lesser odds (OR= 0.248, (95% CI: 0.085-0.724, p=0.0108)) of GERD resolution than patients without pre-surgery DM. An association was also established between %TWL at 6 and 12 months following the procedure and GERD outcome (p=0.017 and 0.008, respectively). Finally, the mean (SD) post-operative GERD-HRQL score was 8.7 (8.1) points, and 69 (91%) patients were currently satisfied with their post-operative condition. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic BPD-DS appears to have a satisfactory GERD outcome in most patients undergoing the operation. There appears to be an association between pre-operative DM, %TWL at 6 and 12 months, and GERD prognosis in this population.
Collapse
|
10
|
Assakran BS, Alrakbi K, Alharbi MA, Almatroudi MA, Alshowaiman A, Alromaih AH, Alaqil N, Alharbi B, Alsoghayer A. Prevalence of Asymptomatic Hiatal Hernia in Obese Patients During Preoperative Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Assessments and Correlation With Body Mass Index. Cureus 2021; 13:e13396. [PMID: 33758697 PMCID: PMC7978160 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In obese patients, hiatal hernia (HH) can be asymptomatic or may present with one or few symptoms, such as heartburn, nausea, or vomiting. Routine upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is the most frequent method used to determine the presence of any abnormalities, including HH. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic HH in obese patients during routine upper GI endoscopy assessments and to examine the correlation with body mass index (BMI). Materials and methods This was an observational, retrospective cohort study conducted at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. The data were extracted from the medical records and electronic charts of all obese patients who underwent preoperative upper GI endoscopy assessment between January 2017 and December 2019. Data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results Among the 690 obese patients, HH was found in 103 (14.9%) patients. The chi-square test revealed that abdominal pain (X2=3.885; p=0.049), shortness of breath (X2=8.057; p=0.005), vomiting (X2=4.302; p=0.038), nausea (X2=4.090; p=0.043), and other HH symptoms (X2=3.897, p=0.048) were the most frequently reported HH related symptoms, but BMI was not (X2=2.126; p=0.345). In the multivariate regression model, the use of PPI (proton-pump inhibitor) medication (adjusted OR [AOR]=0.237; 95% CI=0.074-0.760; p=0.023) was found to be higher in those with HH. Vomiting (AOR=1.722; 95% CI=1.025-2.890; p=0.040) and nausea (AOR=1.698; 95% CI=1.012-2.849; p=0.045) were the most frequently reported symptoms related to HH. Conclusion Asymptomatic HH among obese patients is not widely prevalent in our region. The use of PPI medications was found to decrease the symptoms associated with HH, such as vomiting and nausea. However, there was no evidence linking BMI to the development of HH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Khaled Alrakbi
- General Surgery, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Burydah, SAU
| | | | | | | | | | - Naif Alaqil
- General Surgery, Qassim University, Burydah, SAU
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rosenfeld A, Graham DG, Jevons S, Ariza J, Hagan D, Wilson A, Lovat SJ, Sami SS, Ahmad OF, Novelli M, Rodriguez Justo M, Winstanley A, Heifetz EM, Ben-Zecharia M, Noiman U, Fitzgerald RC, Sasieni P, Lovat LB. Development and validation of a risk prediction model to diagnose Barrett's oesophagus (MARK-BE): a case-control machine learning approach. Lancet Digit Health 2020; 2:E37-E48. [PMID: 32133440 PMCID: PMC7056359 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(19)30216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Screening for Barrett's Oesophagus (BE) relies on endoscopy which is invasive and has a low yield. This study aimed to develop and externally validate a simple symptom and risk-factor questionnaire to screen for patients with BE. Methods Questionnaires from 1299 patients in the BEST2 case-controlled study were analysed: 880 had BE including 40 with invasive oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and 419 were controls. This was randomly split into a training cohort of 776 patients and an internal validation cohort of 523 patients. External validation included 398 patients from the BOOST case-controlled study: 198 with BE (23 with OAC) and 200 controls. Identification of independently important diagnostic features was undertaken using machine learning techniques information gain (IG) and correlation based feature selection (CFS). Multiple classification tools were assessed to create a multi-variable risk prediction model. Internal validation was followed by external validation in the independent dataset. Findings The BEST2 study included 40 features. Of these, 24 added IG but following CFS, only 8 demonstrated independent diagnostic value including age, gender, smoking, waist circumference, frequency of stomach pain, duration of heartburn and acid taste and taking of acid suppression medicines. Logistic regression offered the highest prediction quality with AUC (area under the receiver operator curve) of 0.87. In the internal validation set, AUC was 0.86. In the BOOST external validation set, AUC was 0.81. Interpretation The diagnostic model offers valid predictions of diagnosis of BE in patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux, assisting in identifying who should go forward to invasive testing. Overweight men who have been taking stomach medicines for a long time may merit particular consideration for further testing. The risk prediction tool is quick and simple to administer but will need further calibration and validation in a prospective study in primary care. Funding Charles Wolfson Trust and Guts UK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avi Rosenfeld
- Department of Industrial Engineering Jerusalem College of Technology (JCT), Jerusalem, Israel
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - David G Graham
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- Gastrointestinal Services, University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Jevons
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Jose Ariza
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- Gastrointestinal Services, University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom
| | - Daryl Hagan
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Ash Wilson
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J Lovat
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarmed S Sami
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- Gastrointestinal Services, University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom
| | - Omer F Ahmad
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- Gastrointestinal Services, University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Novelli
- Dept of Pathology, University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alison Winstanley
- Dept of Pathology, University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom
| | - Eliyahu M Heifetz
- Department of Health Informatics, Jerusalem College of Technology (JCT), Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mordehy Ben-Zecharia
- Department of Health Informatics, Jerusalem College of Technology (JCT), Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Uria Noiman
- Department of Health Informatics, Jerusalem College of Technology (JCT), Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Peter Sasieni
- Cancer Prevention Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence B Lovat
- GENIE GastroENterological IntervEntion Group, Department for Targeted Intervention, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- Gastrointestinal Services, University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yamasaki T, Hemond C, Eisa M, Ganocy S, Fass R. The Changing Epidemiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Are Patients Getting Younger? J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 24:559-569. [PMID: 30347935 PMCID: PMC6175565 DOI: 10.5056/jnm18140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease globally with increasing prevalence and consequently greater burden on the Healthcare system. Traditionally, GERD has been considered a disease of middle-aged and older people. Since risk factors for GERD affect a growing number of the adult population, concerns have been raised that increasingly younger people may develop GERD. We aim to determine if the proportion of younger patients has increased among the GERD population. Methods The incidence of GERD as well as several variables were evaluated during an 11-year period. Explorys was used to evaluate datasets at a “Universal” and Healthcare system in northern Ohio to determine if trends at a local level reflected those at a universal level. GERD patients were classified into 7 age groups (15–19, 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, and ≥70 years). Results The proportion of patients with GERD increased in all age groups, except for those who were ≥70 years in the universal dataset (P < 0.001) and those who were ≥60 years in the Healthcare system (P < 0.001). The greatest rise was seen in 30–39 years in both datasets (P < 0.001). Similarly, the proportion of GERD patients who were using proton pump inhibitors increased in all age groups except for those who were ≥70 years in both datasets (P < 0.001), with the greatest increase being the group 30–39 years (P < 0.001). Conclusion Over the last decade, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of younger patients with GERD, especially those within the age range of 30–39 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Yamasaki
- The Esophageal and Swallowing Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Colin Hemond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mohamed Eisa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stephen Ganocy
- Center for Health Care Research and Policy, Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ronnie Fass
- The Esophageal and Swallowing Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu X, Wong A, Kadri SR, Corovic A, O’Donovan M, Lao-Sirieix P, Lovat LB, Burnham RW, Fitzgerald RC. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease symptoms and demographic factors as a pre-screening tool for Barrett's esophagus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94163. [PMID: 24736597 PMCID: PMC3988048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Barrett’s esophagus (BE) occurs as consequence of reflux and is a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. The current “gold-standard” for diagnosing BE is endoscopy which remains prohibitively expensive and impractical as a population screening tool. We aimed to develop a pre-screening tool to aid decision making for diagnostic referrals. Methodology/Principal Findings A prospective (training) cohort of 1603 patients attending for endoscopy was used for identification of risk factors to develop a risk prediction model. Factors associated with BE in the univariate analysis were selected to develop prediction models that were validated in an independent, external cohort of 477 non-BE patients referred for endoscopy with symptoms of reflux or dyspepsia. Two prediction models were developed separately for columnar lined epithelium (CLE) of any length and using a stricter definition of intestinal metaplasia (IM) with segments ≥2 cm with areas under the ROC curves (AUC) of 0.72 (95%CI: 0.67–0.77) and 0.81 (95%CI: 0.76–0.86), respectively. The two prediction models included demographics (age, sex), symptoms (heartburn, acid reflux, chest pain, abdominal pain) and medication for “stomach” symptoms. These two models were validated in the independent cohort with AUCs of 0.61 (95%CI: 0.54–0.68) and 0.64 (95%CI: 0.52–0.77) for CLE and IM≥2 cm, respectively. Conclusions We have identified and validated two prediction models for CLE and IM≥2 cm. Both models have fair prediction accuracies and can select out around 20% of individuals unlikely to benefit from investigation for Barrett’s esophagus. Such prediction models have the potential to generate useful cost-savings for BE screening among the symptomatic population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxue Liu
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Wong
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrej Corovic
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maria O’Donovan
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Prachand VN, Alverdy JC. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and severe obesity: Fundoplication or bariatric surgery? World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:3757-61. [PMID: 20698037 PMCID: PMC2921086 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i30.3757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increases in the prevalence of obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have paralleled one another over the past decade, which suggests the possibility of a linkage between these two processes. In both instances, surgical therapy is recognized as the most effective treatment for severe, refractory disease. Current surgical therapies for severe obesity include (in descending frequency) Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, adjustable gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, and biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, while fundoplication remains the mainstay for the treatment of severe GERD. In several large series, however, the outcomes and durability of fundoplication in the setting of severe obesity are not as good as those in patients who are not severely obese. As such, bariatric surgery has been suggested as a potential alternative treatment for these patients. This article reviews current concepts in the putative pathophysiological mechanisms by which obesity contributes to gastroesophageal reflux and their implications with regards to surgical therapy for GERD in the setting of severe obesity.
Collapse
|