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Dong G, Zheng QD, Ma M, Wu SF, Zhang R, Yao RR, Dong YY, Ma H, Gao DM, Ye SL, Cui JF, Ren ZG, Chen RX. Angiogenesis enhanced by treatment damage to hepatocellular carcinoma through the release of GDF15. Cancer Med 2018; 7:820-830. [PMID: 29383859 PMCID: PMC5852341 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the standard treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hypoxia‐induced angiogenesis by TACE is linked to treatment failure; however, whether the chemotherapeutic damage of TACE to HCC could increase tumor angiogenesis has not been explored. The molecular effects of chemotherapy‐damaged HCC cells on the neo‐angiogenesis were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was significantly upregulated in HCC cells exposed to chemotherapeutic agents. GDF15 from chemotherapy‐damaged HCC cells promoted the in vitro proliferation, migration, and tube formation of endothelial cells. The pro‐angiogenic effect of GDF15 was through the activation of Src and its downstream AKT, MAPK, and NF‐κB signaling, which was blocked by thalidomide. The use of thalidomide significantly attenuated the in vivo chemotherapy‐damaged HCC cells‐promoted angiogenesis in nude mice. In conclusion, the chemotherapeutic damage in TACE to HCC could promote tumor angiogenesis via the increased release of GDF15. Thalidomide could reverse these pro‐angiogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Dong
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong-Dan Zheng
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Ma
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Fan Wu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong-Rong Yao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin-Ying Dong
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Mei Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Long Ye
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Feng Cui
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Gang Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong-Xin Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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Lin Q, Zhang SY, Huang N, Su YH. Intrahepatic arterial infusion of endostatin combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:655-664. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i4.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endostatin combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for advanced primary liver cancer.
METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge (CNKI), China Scientific Journal Database by VIP, and WanFang Data were searched from inception to October 2014 to retrieve relevant studies. According to the inclusion criteria, the studies were included. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.2 software.
RESULTS: Seventeen randomized controlled trials (RCTs), involving a total of 907 patients, were eligible for the study. Meta-analysis showed that endostatin combined with TACE was superior to TACE alone in terms of tumor response rate, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and 1-year survival rate, although there was no significant difference in safety between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: Endostatin combined with TACE can improve the survival of patients with advanced primary liver cancer and prevent tumor progression with acceptable toxicities.
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