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Çetinarslan T, Yazıcı H, Erdoğan KM, Kalkan Uçar S, Dalgıç G, Kaya G, Er E, Bilaç C, Temiz P, Türel Ermertcan A, Fölster-Holst R. Four cases of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome presenting with different types of erythrokeratoderma. Pediatr Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38886172 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is a multisystem autosomal recessive disorder due to variants of the ABHD5 gene, characterized by lipid vacuoles in the liver and leukocytes, and possible involvement of eyes, ears, skeletal muscle, and central nervous system. CDS may present with skin changes, most commonly congenital non- bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma, however erythrokeratoderma-like findings have been rarely reported in CDS patients. Herein, we report clinical, histopathological and genetic findings of four patients with CDS presenting with different clinical forms of erythrokeratoderma (three with progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma-like features and one with erythrokeratoderma variabilis (EKV)-like features), including one patient with a novel mutation in ABHD5. Although the typical skin finding of CDS syndrome is reported as non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, CDS should also be in the differential diagnosis in patients with EKV-like lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tubanur Çetinarslan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Havva Yazıcı
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kadri Murat Erdoğan
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sema Kalkan Uçar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Göksu Dalgıç
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Gizem Kaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Esra Er
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Dr. Behçet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Cemal Bilaç
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Peyker Temiz
- Pathology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Aylin Türel Ermertcan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Regina Fölster-Holst
- Department of Dermatology-Venereology and Allergology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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2
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Lakum MP, Padhiyar JK, Patel NH, Patel JR. A Two-Year-Old Child with Bilateral Symmetrical Papulosquamous Lesions. Indian J Dermatol 2024; 69:198-200. [PMID: 38841214 PMCID: PMC11149798 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_347_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Megha P. Lakum
- From the Department of Skin and VD, GCS Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jignaben K. Padhiyar
- From the Department of Skin and VD, GCS Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Nayankumar H. Patel
- From the Department of Skin and VD, GCS Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jahnvi R. Patel
- From the Department of Skin and VD, GCS Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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3
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Hotz A, Fölster-Holst R, Oji V, Bourrat E, Frank J, Marrakchi S, Ennouri M, Wankner L, Komlosi K, Alter S, Fischer J. Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis-like Phenotype in Patients Carrying ABCA12 Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:288. [PMID: 38540347 PMCID: PMC10970099 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Erythrokeratodermia variabilis (EKV) is a rare genodermatosis characterized by well-demarcated erythematous patches and hyperkeratotic plaques. EKV is most often transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner. Until recently, only mutations in connexins such as GJB3 (connexin 31), GJB4 (connexin 30.3), and occasionally GJA1 (connexin 43) were known to cause EKV. In recent years, mutations in other genes have been described as rare causes of EKV, including the genes KDSR, KRT83, and TRPM4. Features of the EKV phenotype can also appear with other genodermatoses: for example, in Netherton syndrome, which hampers correct diagnosis. However, in autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI), an EKV phenotype has rarely been described. Here, we report on seven patients who clinically show a clear EKV phenotype, but in whom molecular genetic analysis revealed biallelic mutations in ABCA12, which is why the patients are classified in the ARCI group. Our study indicates that ARCI should be considered as a differential diagnosis in EKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alrun Hotz
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France; (A.H.); (V.O.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
- Center for Cornification Disorders, Freiburg Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Regina Fölster-Holst
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Vinzenz Oji
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France; (A.H.); (V.O.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Muenster University Medical Center, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Emmanuelle Bourrat
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Rare Skin Diseases MAGEC, Saint Louis Hospital AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Jorge Frank
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Slaheddine Marrakchi
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax University, Sfax 3029, Tunisia;
| | - Mariem Ennouri
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax 3029, Tunisia;
| | - Lotta Wankner
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France; (A.H.); (V.O.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
- Center for Cornification Disorders, Freiburg Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katalin Komlosi
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France; (A.H.); (V.O.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
- Center for Cornification Disorders, Freiburg Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Alter
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France; (A.H.); (V.O.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
- Center for Cornification Disorders, Freiburg Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Judith Fischer
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France; (A.H.); (V.O.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
- Center for Cornification Disorders, Freiburg Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Agrebi I, Jaziri A, Kanoun H, Dammak N, Boudabous M, Toumi S, Yaich S, Tahri N, Kammoun A, Makni H, Kammoun K, Boudawara T, Hmida MB. Dorfman-Chanarin Syndrome with Renal Involvement: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review. Indian J Nephrol 2023; 33:472-475. [PMID: 38174297 PMCID: PMC10752395 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_203_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dorfman-Chanarin syndrome (DCS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease. It is a multisystemic disease in which renal involvement is uncommon. We report the case of a woman with nephrotic syndrome associated with DCS. A 36-year-old woman was referred to the nephrology department for edema with known history for DCS. On physical examination, she had ichthyosiform erythroderma with generalized scaly skinand ascites. The ophthalmologic examination revealed a cataract in the right eye. Abdominal ultrasound examination showed hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Laboratory tests showed normal renal and liver function. The blood cell count showed pancytopenia. Immunologic exams showed the presence of anti-mitochondrial antibodies. Kidney biopsy showed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with extensive lipid vacuoles in the tubular epithelial cells. Immunofluorescence study showed mesangial deposits of IgG, C3, kappa, and lambda. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of DCS with renal involvement reported in an adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Agrebi
- Department of Nephrology, University of Sfax, School of Medicine, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Achraf Jaziri
- Department of Nephrology, University of Sfax, School of Medicine, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Houda Kanoun
- Laboratory of Research of Renal Pathology, University of Sfax, LR19ES11, Sfax, Tunisia
- Department of Genetic, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Najla Dammak
- Department of Nephrology, University of Sfax, School of Medicine, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Research of Renal Pathology, University of Sfax, LR19ES11, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Boudabous
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Salma Toumi
- Department of Nephrology, University of Sfax, School of Medicine, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Research of Renal Pathology, University of Sfax, LR19ES11, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Yaich
- Department of Nephrology, University of Sfax, School of Medicine, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Research of Renal Pathology, University of Sfax, LR19ES11, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nabil Tahri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Arwa Kammoun
- Department of Immunology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hafedh Makni
- Department of Immunology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khawla Kammoun
- Department of Nephrology, University of Sfax, School of Medicine, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Research of Renal Pathology, University of Sfax, LR19ES11, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahya Boudawara
- Laboratory of Anatomopathology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ben Hmida
- Department of Nephrology, University of Sfax, School of Medicine, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Research of Renal Pathology, University of Sfax, LR19ES11, Sfax, Tunisia
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Schratter M, Lass A, Radner FPW. ABHD5-A Regulator of Lipid Metabolism Essential for Diverse Cellular Functions. Metabolites 2022; 12:1015. [PMID: 36355098 PMCID: PMC9694394 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The α/β-Hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5; also known as comparative gene identification-58, or CGI-58) is the causative gene of the Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS), a disorder mainly characterized by systemic triacylglycerol accumulation and a severe defect in skin barrier function. The clinical phenotype of CDS patients and the characterization of global and tissue-specific ABHD5-deficient mouse strains have demonstrated that ABHD5 is a crucial regulator of lipid and energy homeostasis in various tissues. Although ABHD5 lacks intrinsic hydrolase activity, it functions as a co-activating enzyme of the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing (PNPLA) protein family that is involved in triacylglycerol and glycerophospholipid, as well as sphingolipid and retinyl ester metabolism. Moreover, ABHD5 interacts with perilipins (PLINs) and fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs), which are important regulators of lipid homeostasis in adipose and non-adipose tissues. This review focuses on the multifaceted role of ABHD5 in modulating the function of key enzymes in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Schratter
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Franz P. W. Radner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Charfeddine C, Laroussi N, Mkaouar R, Jouini R, Khayat O, Redissi A, Mosbah A, Dallali H, Chedly Debbiche A, Zaouak A, Fenniche S, Abdelhak S, Hammami-Ghorbel H. Expanding the clinical phenotype associated with NIPAL4 mutation: Study of a Tunisian consanguineous family with erythrokeratodermia variabilis-Like Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258777. [PMID: 34669720 PMCID: PMC8528321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythrokeratodermia variabilis (EKV) is a rare disorder of cornification usually associated with dominant mutations in the GJB3 and GJB4 genes encoding connexins (Cx)31 and 30.3. Genetic heterogeneity of EKV has already been suggested. We investigated at the clinical and genetic level a consanguineous Tunisian family with 2 sisters presenting an autosomal recessive form of EKV to better characterize this disease. Mutational analysis initially screened the connexin genes and Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the molecular aetiology of the particular EKV phenotype in the proband. Migratory shaped erythematous areas are the initial presenting sign followed by relatively stable hyperkeratotic plaques are the two predominates characteristics in both patients. However, remarkable variability of morphological and dominating features of the disease were observed between patients. In particular, the younger sister (proband) exhibited ichthyosiform-like appearance suggesting Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis (ARCI) condition. No causative mutations were detected in the GJB3 and GJB4 genes. WES results revealed a novel missense homozygous mutation in NIPAL4 gene (c.835C>G, p.Pro279Ala) in both patients. This variant is predicted to be likely pathogenic. In addition, in silico analysis of the mutated 3D domain structure predicted that this variant would result in NIPA4 protein destabilization and Mg2+ transport perturbation, pointing out the potential role of NIPAL4 gene in the development and maintenance of the barrier function of the epidermis. Taken togheter, these results expand the clinical phenotype associated with NIPAL4 mutation and reinforce our hypothesis of NIPAL4 as the main candidate gene for the EKV-like ARCI phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherine Charfeddine
- University Tunis El Manar, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory, LR20IPT05, Tunis, Tunisia
- Université de la Manouba, Institut de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
- * E-mail:
| | - Nadia Laroussi
- University Tunis El Manar, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory, LR20IPT05, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Mkaouar
- University Tunis El Manar, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory, LR20IPT05, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Jouini
- Department of Pathology, Habib Thameur Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Khayat
- Department of Pathology, Habib Thameur Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aladin Redissi
- BVBGR-LR11ES31, ISBST, Université de la Manouba, Institut de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Amor Mosbah
- BVBGR-LR11ES31, ISBST, Université de la Manouba, Institut de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Hamza Dallali
- University Tunis El Manar, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory, LR20IPT05, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Anissa Zaouak
- Department of Dermatology, Genodermatosis and Cancers Laboratory LR12SP03, Habib Thameur Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sami Fenniche
- Department of Dermatology, Genodermatosis and Cancers Laboratory LR12SP03, Habib Thameur Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- University Tunis El Manar, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory, LR20IPT05, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houda Hammami-Ghorbel
- Department of Dermatology, Genodermatosis and Cancers Laboratory LR12SP03, Habib Thameur Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
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Quelhas da Costa R, Laranjeira F, Duarte Ribeiro I, Santos AF, Nery F. Dorfman-Chanarin Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease Related to Homozygosity of the Nonsense Mutation c.934C>T (p.R312*). GE-PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2021; 29:284-290. [PMID: 35979251 PMCID: PMC9274987 DOI: 10.1159/000517103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease became the most common form of chronic liver disease, in the vast majority of the cases related to increased insulin resistance or metabolic dysregulation. Yet, other causes may be implied. We report the late diagnosis of Dorfman-Chanarin syndrome in a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis previously labeled cirrhotic middle-aged man, with consanguineous parents, complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Congenital ichthyosis, neurosensory hearing loss and elevated muscular enzymes hit on the track of Dorfman-Chanarin syndrome. The genetic analysis uncovered a first-time described homozygotic nonsense mutation in the ABHD5 gene, responsible for coding the ABHD5 protein. The patient was successfully submitted to liver transplantation. Inborn errors of metabolism are a rare cause of metabolic associated fatty liver disease, but they need to be kept in consideration in all patients who present with atypical clinical features. This shall raise the awareness of physicians to rare forms of presentation since it may imply not only a different prognosis, but also other actions, like particular therapies as liver transplantation due to related complications of cirrhosis, or familial screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Laranjeira
- Unidade de Bioquímica Genética, Centro de Genética Médica Doutor Jacinto Magalhães, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isaura Duarte Ribeiro
- Unidade de Bioquímica Genética, Centro de Genética Médica Doutor Jacinto Magalhães, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investigação Biomédica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Filipe Santos
- Serviço de Hematologia Laboratorial, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe Nery
- Serviço de Cuidados Intensivos − Unidade de Cuidados Intermédios Médico-Cirúrgica, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- EpiUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Filipe Nery,
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Cakmak E, Bagci G. Chanarin-Dorfman Syndrome: A comprehensive review. Liver Int 2021; 41:905-914. [PMID: 33455044 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is a rare, autosomal recessively inherited genetic disease. This syndrome is associated with a decrease in the lipolysis activity in multiple tissue cells because of recessive mutations in the abhydrolase domain containing 5 (ABHD5) gene, which leads to the accumulation of lipid droplets in multiple types of cells. Major clinical symptoms in patients with CDS include ichthyosis and intracytoplasmic lipid droplets. The variability of clinical symptoms in patients with CDS depends on a large number of mutations involved. In this syndrome, liver involvement is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. This review aims to summarize the demographic characteristic, clinical symptoms, liver involvement and mutations in CDS patients in the literature to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erol Cakmak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Bagci
- Department of Biochemistry, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey
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9
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Dabas G, Mahajan R, De D, Handa S, Kumar R, Dayal D, Suthar R, Panigrahi I. Managing syndromic congenital ichthyosis at a tertiary care institute-Genotype-phenotype correlations, and novel treatments. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13816. [PMID: 32533806 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Syndromic congenital ichthyoses (CI) are genetically determined disorders of cornification that are characterized by generalized scaling along with systemic symptoms. Data on congenital syndromic ichthyosis from developing countries are scarce. We aimed to assess the prevalence, phenotype-genotype correlation, and management of syndromic CI patients presenting to our outpatient during the specified period this was a retrospective study of congenital syndromic ichthyosis patients attending a dermatology clinic in a tertiary care center from 2105-2018. We reviewed epidemiological and comorbidities data, phenotype-genotype correlations, and treatments of syndromic congenital ichthyosis patients. Six patients of Syndromic CI were diagnosedamongst 86 patients of CI (8.1%). Amongst these, three patients of Sjogren-Larrson syndrome (SLS), two patients of Netherton syndrome (NS), and one of Chanarin-Dorfman disease (CDD) were reported. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed with novel variants reported in one patient each of SLS, NS, and CDD. An atypical phenotype was observed in a patient with NS with associated growth hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency but with favorable clinical response to intravenous immunoglobulin. Our reports point towards the unreported pool of genetic mutations in CI from India. Novel mutations were associated with variable cutaneous and systemic involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Dabas
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rahul Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Dipankar De
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjeev Handa
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Devi Dayal
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Renu Suthar
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Inusha Panigrahi
- Department of Paediatric Genetics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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10
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Xu H, Chen X, Lian Y, Wang S, Ji T, Zhang L, Li S. Skin damage in a patient with lipid storage myopathy with a novel ETFDH mutation responsive to riboflavin. Int J Neurosci 2020; 130:1192-1198. [PMID: 32064983 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1730831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Recessive mutations in ETFDH gene have been associated with Multiple Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD). The late-onset MADD is often muscle involved, presenting with lipid storage myopathy (LSM). The symptoms of LSM were heterogeneous and definite diagnosis of this disease depends on the pathology and gene test.Methods: Neurological examination, muscle biopsy, and MRI examinations were performed in a patient with a novel missense ETFDH mutation.Results: We describe a patient with lipid storage myopathy complicated with skin damage. In addition, the next generation revealed a novel missense mutation (c.970G > T, p.Val324Leu) in exon 8, which was predicted to be a disease-causing mutation by Mutation-taster, and destroy the function of the protein by Sift.Conclusion: These findings expand the known mutational spectrum of ETFDH and phenotype of MADD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Lian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuya Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuo Ji
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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Yu L, Li Y, Grisé A, Wang H. CGI-58: Versatile Regulator of Intracellular Lipid Droplet Homeostasis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1276:197-222. [PMID: 32705602 PMCID: PMC8063591 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-6082-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Comparative gene identification-58 (CGI-58), also known as α/β-hydrolase domain-containing 5 (ABHD5), is a member of a large family of proteins containing an α/β-hydrolase-fold. CGI-58 is well-known as the co-activator of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), which is a key enzyme initiating cytosolic lipid droplet lipolysis. Mutations in either the human CGI-58 or ATGL gene cause an autosomal recessive neutral lipid storage disease, characterized by the excessive accumulation of triglyceride (TAG)-rich lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of almost all cell types. CGI-58, however, has ATGL-independent functions. Distinct phenotypes associated with CGI-58 deficiency commonly include ichthyosis (scaly dry skin), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and hepatic fibrosis. Through regulated interactions with multiple protein families, CGI-58 controls many metabolic and signaling pathways, such as lipid and glucose metabolism, energy balance, insulin signaling, inflammatory responses, and thermogenesis. Recent studies have shown that CGI-58 regulates the pathogenesis of common metabolic diseases in a tissue-specific manner. Future studies are needed to molecularly define ATGL-independent functions of CGI-58, including the newly identified serine protease activity of CGI-58. Elucidation of these versatile functions of CGI-58 may uncover fundamental cellular processes governing lipid and energy homeostasis, which may help develop novel approaches that counter against obesity and its associated metabolic sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Yi Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alison Grisé
- College of Computer, Math, and Natural Sciences, College of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Huan Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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12
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Eskiocak AH, Missaglia S, Moro L, Durdu M, Tavian D. A novel mutation of ABHD5 gene in a Chanarin Dorfman patient with unusual dermatological findings. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:232. [PMID: 31883530 PMCID: PMC6935165 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chanarin Dorfman Syndrome (CDS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the multisytemic accumulation of neutral lipids inside the cytoplasmic lipid droplets. This condition is caused by mutations in the abhydrolase domain containing 5 gene (ABHD5). In CDS the skin involvement is the prevalent and always observed clinical feature, consisting of a non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE). Moreover, a variable involvement of the liver and neuromuscular system can be also observed. In this report, we aimed to perform the clinical and genetic characterization of a patient affected by CDS with atypical dermatological findings, considering this rare inborn error of neutral lipid metabolism. Methods Genomic DNA samples obtained from patient and his parents were used to perform the sequencing of the ABHD5 exons and their intron/exon boundaries. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to investigate the possible effect of the identified mutation on protein structure. Results Here we present the case of a 29-year-old male patient with CDS, who, for long time, has been misdiagnosed as pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP). He has a history of increasing hyperlipidemia; hepatomegaly associated with hepatosteatosis was also detected. ABHD5 molecular analysis revealed a novel missense mutation, the c.811G > A (p.G271R). Bioinformatic investigations showed that the variant has a deleterious effect on ABHD5 function, probably causing an incorrect folding of the mutant protein. Conclusions These results highlihts the importance of genetic testing for ABHD5 in unresolved cases of patients presenting unusual skin lesions, that resemble PRP, associated with a history of hyperlipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Haydar Eskiocak
- Department of Dermatology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Adana Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sara Missaglia
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CRIBENS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, pz Buonarroti 30, 20145, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Gemelli 1, 20123, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Moro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Murat Durdu
- Department of Dermatology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Adana Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Daniela Tavian
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CRIBENS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, pz Buonarroti 30, 20145, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Gemelli 1, 20123, Milan, Italy.
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13
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Neutral Lipid Storage Diseases as Cellular Model to Study Lipid Droplet Function. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020187. [PMID: 30795549 PMCID: PMC6406896 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy (NLSDM) and with ichthyosis (NLSDI) are rare autosomal recessive disorders caused by mutations in the PNPLA2 and in the ABHD5/CGI58 genes, respectively. These genes encode the adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and α-β hydrolase domain 5 (ABHD5) proteins, which play key roles in the function of lipid droplets (LDs). LDs, the main cellular storage sites of triacylglycerols and sterol esters, are highly dynamic organelles. Indeed, LDs are critical for both lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. Partial or total PNPLA2 or ABHD5/CGI58 knockdown is characteristic of the cells of NLSD patients; thus, these cells are natural models with which one can unravel LD function. In this review we firstly summarize genetic and clinical data collected from NLSD patients, focusing particularly on muscle, skin, heart, and liver damage due to impaired LD function. Then, we discuss how NLSD cells were used to investigate and expand the current structural and functional knowledge of LDs.
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14
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Kalyon S, Gökden Y, Demirel N, Erden B, Türkyılmaz A. Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome. TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2018; 30:105-108. [PMID: 30457558 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2018.18014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chanarin Dorfman syndrome is a multisystem, very rare, autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder, characterized by the accumulation of lipid vacuoles in neutrophils, and was first described by Dorfman in 1974. Due to a mutation in the ABHD5 gene of the short arm of chromosome 3, lipid is stored in the granulocytes at various sites in the human body, such as the muscle, liver, eye, ear, central nervous system, and bone marrow. Clinically, the disease is presented with ichthyosis, hearing loss, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, cirrhosis, cataract, keratopathy, myopathy, and mental retardation. A 38-year-old male patient was referred to our Internal Medicine Clinic for consultation with laboratory findings as follows: high aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 203 U/L), alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 151 U/L), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT; 167 U/L), creatine kinase (CK; 1127 U/L) levels and low platelet levels (108000). After ultrasonography and gastroscopy, the patient was diagnosed with liver cirrhosis. Bilateral mixed-type hearing loss on audial tests and bilateral punctuate keratopathy, ectropion, and cataract in the left eye on ophthalmological tests were found. For the definitive diagnosis of Chanarin Dorfman syndrome, peripheral blood was examined, which revealed lipid accumulation in the neutrophils (Jordan's anomaly). We emphasize that if a patient has unusual findings, such as ichthyosis, hearing loss, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, cirrhosis, cataract, keratopathy, myopathy, and mental retardation, the possibility of Chanarin Dorfman syndrome should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semih Kalyon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences University Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Gökden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Health Sciences University Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Naciye Demirel
- Department of Hematology, Health Sciences University Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Erden
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Sciences University Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayberk Türkyılmaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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15
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Duchatelet S, Boyden LM, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Zhou J, Guibbal L, Hu R, Lim YH, Bole-Feysot C, Nitschké P, Santos-Simarro F, de Lucas R, Milstone LM, Gildenstern V, Helfrich YR, Attardi LD, Lifton RP, Choate KA, Hovnanian A. Mutations in PERP Cause Dominant and Recessive Keratoderma. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 139:380-390. [PMID: 30321533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of genetic determinants of Mendelian skin disorders has substantially advanced understanding of epidermal biology. Here we show that mutations in PERP, encoding a crucial component of desmosomes, cause both dominant and recessive human keratoderma. Heterozygosity for a C-terminal truncation, which produces a protein that appears to be unstably incorporated into desmosomes, causes Olmsted syndrome with severe periorificial and palmoplantar keratoderma in multiple unrelated kindreds. Homozygosity for an N-terminal truncation ablates expression and causes widespread erythrokeratoderma, with expansion of epidermal differentiation markers. Both exhibit epidermal hyperproliferation, immature desmosomes lacking a dense midline observed via electron microscopy, and impaired intercellular adhesion upon mechanical stress. Localization of other desmosomal components appears normal, which is in contrast to other conditions caused by mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins. These discoveries highlight the essential role of PERP in human desmosomes and epidermal homeostasis and further expand the heterogeneous spectrum of inherited keratinization disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Duchatelet
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, INSERM Imagine Institute, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Lynn M Boyden
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Laure Guibbal
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, INSERM Imagine Institute, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ronghua Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Young H Lim
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Christine Bole-Feysot
- University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Genomic Platform, INSERM Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Nitschké
- University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Bioinformatics Platform, INSERM Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | | | - Raul de Lucas
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonard M Milstone
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Yolanda R Helfrich
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Laura D Attardi
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Keith A Choate
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, INSERM Imagine Institute, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Department of Genetics, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France.
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16
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Vasiljevski ER, Summers MA, Little DG, Schindeler A. Lipid storage myopathies: Current treatments and future directions. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 72:1-17. [PMID: 30099045 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipid storage myopathies (LSMs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders that present with abnormal lipid storage in multiple body organs, typically muscle. Patients can clinically present with cardiomyopathy, skeletal muscle weakness, myalgia, and extreme fatigue. An early diagnosis is crucial, as some LSMs can be managed by simple nutraceutical supplementation. For example, high dosage l-carnitine is an effective intervention for patients with Primary Carnitine Deficiency (PCD). This review discusses the clinical features and management practices of PCD as well as Neutral Lipid Storage Disease (NLSD) and Multiple Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (MADD). We provide a detailed summary of current clinical management strategies, highlighting issues of high-risk contraindicated treatments with case study examples not previously reviewed. Additionally, we outline current preclinical studies providing disease mechanistic insight. Lastly, we propose that a number of other conditions involving lipid metabolic dysfunction that are not classified as LSMs may share common features. These include Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) and autoimmune myopathies, including Polymyositis (PM), Dermatomyositis (DM), and Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Vasiljevski
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Heath, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew A Summers
- Bone Biology Division, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David G Little
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Heath, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Aaron Schindeler
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Heath, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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17
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Youssefian L, Touati A, Vahidnezhad H, Saeidian A, Sotoudeh S, Zeinali S, Uitto J. Erythrokeratoderma: a manifestation associated with multiple types of ichthyoses with different gene defects. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:e219-e221. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Youssefian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology; Sidney Kimmel Medical College; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia PA U.S.A
- Department of Medical Genetics; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - A. Touati
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology; Sidney Kimmel Medical College; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia PA U.S.A
- Drexel University College of Medicine; Philadelphia PA U.S.A
| | - H. Vahidnezhad
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology; Sidney Kimmel Medical College; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia PA U.S.A
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center; Pasteur Institute of Iran; Tehran Iran
| | - A.H. Saeidian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology; Sidney Kimmel Medical College; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia PA U.S.A
| | - S. Sotoudeh
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Medical Center; Center of Excellence; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - S. Zeinali
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center; Pasteur Institute of Iran; Tehran Iran
- Kawsar Human Genetics Research Center; Tehran Iran
| | - J. Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology; Sidney Kimmel Medical College; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia PA U.S.A
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18
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Dorfman-Chanarin syndrome in adult patient of southern Tunisia. Presse Med 2017; 47:92-94. [PMID: 29275970 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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19
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Ishida-Yamamoto A. Erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva. J Dermatol 2016; 43:280-5. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Takeichi T, Sugiura K, Tso S, Simpson MA, McGrath JA, Akiyama M. Bi-allelic nonsense mutations inABHD5 underlie a mild phenotype of Dorfman-Chanarin syndrome. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 81:134-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Wu JW, Yang H, Wang SP, Soni KG, Brunel-Guitton C, Mitchell GA. Inborn errors of cytoplasmic triglyceride metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis 2015; 38:85-98. [PMID: 25300978 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-014-9767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Triglyceride (TG) synthesis, storage, and degradation together constitute cytoplasmic TG metabolism (CTGM). CTGM is mostly studied in adipocytes, where starting from glycerol-3-phosphate and fatty acyl (FA)-coenzyme A (CoA), TGs are synthesized then stored in cytoplasmic lipid droplets. TG hydrolysis proceeds sequentially, producing FAs and glycerol. Several reactions of CTGM can be catalyzed by more than one enzyme, creating great potential for complex tissue-specific physiology. In adipose tissue, CTGM provides FA as a systemic energy source during fasting and is related to obesity. Inborn errors and mouse models have demonstrated the importance of CTGM for non-adipose tissues, including skeletal muscle, myocardium and liver, because steatosis and dysfunction can occur. We discuss known inborn errors of CTGM, including deficiencies of: AGPAT2 (a form of generalized lipodystrophy), LPIN1 (childhood rhabdomyolysis), LPIN2 (an inflammatory condition, Majeed syndrome, described elsewhere in this issue), DGAT1 (protein loosing enteropathy), perilipin 1 (partial lipodystrophy), CGI-58 (gene ABHD5, neutral lipid storage disease (NLSD) with ichthyosis and "Jordan's anomaly" of vacuolated polymorphonuclear leukocytes), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL, gene PNPLA2, NLSD with myopathy, cardiomyopathy and Jordan's anomaly), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL, gene LIPE, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin resistance). Two inborn errors of glycerol metabolism are known: glycerol kinase (GK, causing pseudohypertriglyceridemia) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD1, childhood hepatic steatosis). Mouse models often resemble human phenotypes but may diverge markedly. Inborn errors have been described for less than one-third of CTGM enzymes, and new phenotypes may yet be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wei Wu
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal and CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
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22
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Gomez-Moyano E, Godoy-Diaz D, Ponce-Verdugo L, Sanz-Trelles A, Vera-Casaño A, Sierra-Salinas C. Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome in three siblings in a non-consanguineous family. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 30:157-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Gomez-Moyano
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - D.J. Godoy-Diaz
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - L. Ponce-Verdugo
- Department of Hematology; Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - A. Sanz-Trelles
- Department of Pathology; Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - A. Vera-Casaño
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - C. Sierra-Salinas
- Department of Gastroenterology; Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
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23
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Missaglia S, Valadares ER, Moro L, Faguntes EDT, Quintão Roque R, Giardina B, Tavian D. Early onset of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome with severe liver involvement in a patient with a complex rearrangement of ABHD5 promoter. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2014; 15:32. [PMID: 24628803 PMCID: PMC3995635 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-15-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background α/β-hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5) plays an important role in the triacylglycerols (TAG) hydrolysis. Indeed, ABHD5 is the co-activator of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), that catalyses the initial step of TAG hydrolysis. Mutations in ABHD5 gene are associated with the onset of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS), a rare autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder, characterized by non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE), hepatomegaly and liver steatosis. Case presentation We describe here a 5-years-old Brazilian child who presented with NCIE at birth and diffuse micro and macro-vesicular steatosis on liver biopsy since she was 2 years old. Molecular analysis of coding sequence and putative 5′ regulatory region of ABHD5 gene was performed. A homozygous novel deletion, affecting the promoter region and the exon 1, was identified, confirming the suspected diagnosis of CDS for this patient. RT-PCR analysis showed that the genomic rearrangement completely abolished the ABHD5 gene expression in the patient, while only a partial loss of expression was detected in her parents. This is the first report describing the identification of a large deletion encompassing the promoter region of ABHD5 gene. The total loss of ABHD5 expression may explain the early onset of CDS and the severe liver involvement. After molecular diagnosis, the patient started a special diet, poor in fatty acids with medium chain triglycerides (MCT), and showed hepatic and dermatologic improvement in spite of severe molecular defect. Conclusions This case report extends the spectrum of disease-causing ABHD5 mutations in CDS providing evidence for a novel pathogenic mechanism for this rare disorder. Moreover, our preliminary data show that early diagnosis and prompt treatment of neutral lipid accumulation might be useful for CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniela Tavian
- CRIBENS-Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.
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24
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Heckmann BL, Zhang X, Xie X, Liu J. The G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2): regulating metabolism and beyond. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2012; 1831:276-81. [PMID: 23032787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) was originally identified in blood mononuclear cells following induced cell cycle progression. Translation of G0S2 results in a small basic protein of 103 amino acids in size. It was initially believed that G0S2 mediates re-entry of cells from the G0 to G1 phase of the cell cycle. Recent studies have begun to reveal the functional aspects of G0S2 and its protein product in various cellular settings. To date the best-known function of G0S2 is its direct inhibitory capacity on the rate-limiting lipolytic enzyme adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Other studies have illustrated key features of G0S2 including sub-cellular localization, expression profiles and regulation, and possible functions in cellular proliferation and differentiation. In this review we present the current knowledge base regarding all facets of G0S2, and pose a variety of questions and hypotheses pertaining to future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradlee L Heckmann
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA
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25
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Saini-Chohan HK, Mitchell RW, Vaz FM, Zelinski T, Hatch GM. Delineating the role of alterations in lipid metabolism to the pathogenesis of inherited skeletal and cardiac muscle disorders: Thematic Review Series: Genetics of Human Lipid Diseases. J Lipid Res 2011; 53:4-27. [PMID: 22065858 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r012120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As the specific composition of lipids is essential for the maintenance of membrane integrity, enzyme function, ion channels, and membrane receptors, an alteration in lipid composition or metabolism may be one of the crucial changes occurring during skeletal and cardiac myopathies. Although the inheritance (autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked traits) and underlying/defining mutations causing these myopathies are known, the contribution of lipid homeostasis in the progression of these diseases needs to be established. The purpose of this review is to present the current knowledge relating to lipid changes in inherited skeletal muscle disorders, such as Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy, myotonic muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle myopathic dystrophies, desminopathies, rostrocaudal muscular dystrophy, and Dunnigan-type familial lipodystrophy. The lipid modifications in familial hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies, as well as Barth syndrome and several other cardiac disorders associated with abnormal lipid storage, are discussed. Information on lipid alterations occurring in these myopathies will aid in the design of improved methods of screening and therapy in children and young adults with or without a family history of genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harjot K Saini-Chohan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Coleman RA, Mashek DG. Mammalian triacylglycerol metabolism: synthesis, lipolysis, and signaling. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6359-86. [PMID: 21627334 PMCID: PMC3181269 DOI: 10.1021/cr100404w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind A Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
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Samuelov L, Fuchs-Telem D, Sarig O, Sprecher E. An exceptional mutational event leading to Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome in a large consanguineous family. Br J Dermatol 2011; 164:1390-2. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10252.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Radner FP, Grond S, Haemmerle G, Lass A, Zechner R. Fat in the skin: Triacylglycerol metabolism in keratinocytes and its role in the development of neutral lipid storage disease. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2011; 3:77-83. [PMID: 21695016 PMCID: PMC3117006 DOI: 10.4161/derm.3.2.15472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocyte differentiation is essential for skin development and the formation of the skin permeability barrier. This process involves an orchestrated remodeling of lipids. The cleavage of precursor lipids from lamellar bodies by β-glucocerebrosidase, sphingomyelinase, phospholipases and sterol sulfatase generates ceramides, non-esterified fatty acids and cholesterol for the lipid-containing extracellular matrix, the lamellar membranes in the stratum corneum. The importance of triacylglycerol (TAG) hydrolysis for the formation of a functional permeability barrier was only recently appreciated. Mice with defects in TAG synthesis (acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2-knock-out) or TAG catabolism (comparative gene identification-58, -CGI-58-knock-out) develop severe permeability barrier defects and die soon after birth because of desiccation. In humans, mutations in the CGI-58 gene also cause (non-lethal) neutral lipid storage disease with ichthyosis. As a result of defective TAG synthesis or catabolism, humans and mice lack ω-(O)-acylceramides, which are essential lipid precursors for the formation of the corneocyte lipid envelope. This structure plays an important role in linking the lipid-enriched lamellar membranes to highly cross-linked corneocyte proteins. This review focuses on the current knowledge of biochemical mechanisms that are essential for epidermal neutral lipid metabolism and the formation of a functional skin permeability barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Pw Radner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences; University of Graz; Graz, Austria
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Takeda K, Tanaka K, Kumamoto T, Morioka D, Endo I, Togo S, Shimada H. Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Dorfman-Chanarin Syndrome With 1 Year Follow-up: Case Report. Transplant Proc 2010; 42:3858-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.07.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Emre S, Unver N, Evans SE, Yüzbaşioğlu A, Gürakan F, Gümrük F, Karaduman A. Molecular analysis of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) patients: Identification of novel mutations in the ABHD5 gene. Eur J Med Genet 2010; 53:141-4. [PMID: 20307695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder associated with congenital ichthyosis and a multisystemic accumulation of neutral lipids in various types of cells. Recently, mutations of the ABHD5 gene were identified as the cause of CDS. In this work, we carried out molecular analysis of the ABHD5 gene in 6 unrelated patients. We identified one previously reported mutation, N209X and two novel genetic alterations; a nonsense mutation (p.Y50X) and missense mutation (p.S73A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Emre
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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31
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Epidermal triglyceride levels are correlated with severity of ichthyosis in Dorfman–Chanarin syndrome. J Dermatol Sci 2010; 57:102-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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32
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Schweiger M, Lass A, Zimmermann R, Eichmann TO, Zechner R. Neutral lipid storage disease: genetic disorders caused by mutations in adipose triglyceride lipase/PNPLA2 or CGI-58/ABHD5. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 297:E289-96. [PMID: 19401457 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00099.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neutral lipid storage disease (NLSD) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by the excessive accumulation of neutral lipids in multiple tissues. Recently, two genes, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL/PNPLA2) and comparative gene identification-58 (CGI-58/ABHD5), have been shown to cause NLSD. ATGL specifically hydrolyzes the first fatty acid from triacylglycerols (TG) and CGI-58/ABHD5 stimulates ATGL activity by a currently unknown mechanism. Mutations in both the ATGL and the CGI-58 genes are associated with systemic TG accumulation, yet the resulting clinical manifestations are not identical. Patients with defective ATGL function suffer from more severe myopathy (NLSDM) than patients with defective CGI-58 function. On the other hand, CGI-58 mutations are always associated with ichthyosis (NLSDI), which was not observed in patients with defective ATGL function. These observations indicate an ATGL-independent function of CGI-58. This review summarizes recent findings with the goal of relating structural variants of ATGL and CGI-58 to functional consequences in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Schweiger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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van Steensel MAM, Oranje AP, van der Schroeff JG, Wagner A, van Geel M. The missense mutation G12D in connexin30.3 can cause both erythrokeratodermia variabilis of Mendes da Costa and progressive symmetric erythrokeratodermia of Gottron. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:657-61. [PMID: 19291775 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma of Gottron (PSEK) is commonly distinguished from erythrokeratodermia variabilis Mendes da Costa (EKV). However, conclusive proof that the disorders are identical is still lacking. We performed mutation analysis and microsatellite haplotyping in two independently referred patients with PSEK and three patients from a previously published family with EKV. All patients had the same mutation in the GJB4 gene causing the amino acid substitution p.Gly12Asp (G12D). Haplotype analysis showed that all five patients had the same allelic haplotype over 2 Mb covering the disease locus. Apparently, the same GJB4 mutation may cause either an EKV or a PSEK phenotype. A single ancestral founder might have introduced EKV in the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A M van Steensel
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Pahwa M, Kar R, Singh A, Goel A, Ramesh V, Jain R. Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome with eccrine gland vacuolation: a case report. Int J Dermatol 2009; 47:1257-9. [PMID: 19126011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03793.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome is a rare congenital disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by ichthyosis, leukocytic vacuolation (Jordan's anomaly), and variable involvement of the liver and neuromuscular system, with about 40 cases described worldwide to date. We report one more case of this rare syndrome, with certain peculiarities, namely vacuolation in eccrine glands, in a young male adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Pahwa
- Dermatology Department, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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Selimoglu MA, Esrefoglu M, Gul M, Gungor S, Yildirim C, Seyhan M. Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome: clinical features of a rare lipid metabolism disorder. Pediatr Dermatol 2009; 26:40-3. [PMID: 19250403 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2008.00818.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is a very rare neutral lipid metabolism disorder with multisystem involvement. In order to not underdiagnose the cases, screening of lipid vacuoles in neutrophils from peripheral blood smears in patients with ichthyosiform erythroderma is needed. Few case reports revealing ultrastructural findings of skin and especially liver in that disorder were observed. Here we discuss clinical and electron microscopic findings of two siblings with CDS.
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Akiyama M, Sakai K, Takayama C, Yanagi T, Yamanaka Y, McMillan JR, Shimizu H. CGI-58 is an alpha/beta-hydrolase within lipid transporting lamellar granules of differentiated keratinocytes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2008; 173:1349-60. [PMID: 18832586 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.080005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CGI-58 is the causative molecule underlying Dorfman-Chanarin syndrome, a neutral lipid storage disease exhibiting apparent clinical features of ichthyosis. CGI-58, associated with triacylglycerol hydrolysis, has an alpha/beta-hydrolase fold and is also known as the alpha/beta-hydrolase domain-containing protein 5. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the function of CGI-58 and the pathogenic mechanisms of ichthyosis in Dorfman-Chanarin syndrome. Using an anti-CGI-58 antibody, we found CGI-58 to be expressed in the upper epidermis, predominantly in the granular layer cells, as well as in neurons and hepatocytes. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that CGI-58 was also localized to the lamellar granules (LGs), which are lipid transport and secretion granules found in keratinocytes. CGI-58 expression was markedly reduced in the epidermis of patients with harlequin ichthyosis, demonstrating defective LG formation. In cultured keratinocytes, CGI-58 expression was mildly up-regulated under high Ca(2+) conditions and markedly up-regulated in three-dimensional, organotypic cultures. In the developing human epidermis, CGI-58 immunostaining was observed at an estimated gestational age of 49 days, and CGI-58 mRNA expression was up-regulated concomitantly with both epidermal stratification and keratinocyte differentiation. CGI-58 knockdown reduced expression of keratinocyte differentiation/keratinization markers in cultured human keratinocytes. Our results indicate that CGI-58 is expressed and packaged into LGs during keratinization and likely plays crucial role(s) in keratinocyte differentiation and LG lipid metabolism, contributing to skin lipid barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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Gupta P, Dhingra KK, Kawatra V, Singh T, Yadav S. Dorfman–Chanarin syndrome with cirrhosis. Pathology 2008; 40:650-3. [DOI: 10.1080/00313020802321166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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38
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Severe steatohepatitis in a patient with a rare neutral lipid storage disorder due to ABHD5 mutation. J Hepatol 2008; 49:474-7. [PMID: 18644654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Fatty liver disease is mainly caused by alcohol consumption, excessive body weight, dyslipidemia and impaired glucose tolerance, but inherited disorders can sometimes be involved. We report the case of a 40-year-old woman with steatohepatitis and severe portal hypertension, associated with ichthyosis, cataract and hypoacusia. The clinical, pathological and genetic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS), a rare autosomal recessive inherited neutral lipid storage disorder, and genetic analysis showed that a novel ABHD5 mutation is responsible.
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Badeloe S, van Geel M, Nagtzaam I, Rubio-Gozalbo ME, Oei RL, Steijlen PM, van Steensel MAM. Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome caused by a novel splice site mutation in ABHD5. Br J Dermatol 2008; 158:1378-80. [PMID: 18410411 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08544.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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40
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Bruno C, Bertini E, Di Rocco M, Cassandrini D, Ruffa G, De Toni T, Seri M, Spada M, Li Volti G, D'Amico A, Trucco F, Arca M, Casali C, Angelini C, Dimauro S, Minetti C. Clinical and genetic characterization of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 369:1125-8. [PMID: 18339307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe the clinical features, muscle pathology features, and molecular studies of seven patients with Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) or neutral lipid storage disease and ichthyosis (NLSDI), a multisystem triglyceride storage disease with massive accumulation of lipid droplets in muscle fibers. All patients presented with congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, cytoplasmic lipid droplets in blood cells, mild to severe hepatomegaly, and increased serum CK levels and liver enzymes. Three patients showed muscle symptoms and three had steathorrea. Molecular analysis identified five mutations, three of which are novel. These findings expand the clinical and mutational spectrum and underline the genetic heterogeneity of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Bruno
- Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Giannina Gaslini Institute, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Elias PM, Williams ML, Holleran WM, Jiang YJ, Schmuth M. Pathogenesis of permeability barrier abnormalities in the ichthyoses: inherited disorders of lipid metabolism. J Lipid Res 2008; 49:697-714. [PMID: 18245815 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r800002-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many of the ichthyoses are associated with inherited disorders of lipid metabolism. These disorders have provided unique models to dissect physiologic processes in normal epidermis and the pathophysiology of more common scaling conditions. In most of these disorders, a permeability barrier abnormality "drives" pathophysiology through stimulation of epidermal hyperplasia. Among primary abnormalities of nonpolar lipid metabolism, triglyceride accumulation in neutral lipid storage disease as a result of a lipase mutation provokes a barrier abnormality via lamellar/nonlamellar phase separation within the extracellular matrix of the stratum corneum (SC). Similar mechanisms account for the barrier abnormalities (and subsequent ichthyosis) in inherited disorders of polar lipid metabolism. For example, in recessive X-linked ichthyosis (RXLI), cholesterol sulfate (CSO(4)) accumulation also produces a permeability barrier defect through lamellar/nonlamellar phase separation. However, in RXLI, the desquamation abnormality is in part attributable to the plurifunctional roles of CSO(4) as a regulator of both epidermal differentiation and corneodesmosome degradation. Phase separation also occurs in type II Gaucher disease (GD; from accumulation of glucosylceramides as a result of to beta-glucocerebrosidase deficiency). Finally, failure to assemble both lipids and desquamatory enzymes into nascent epidermal lamellar bodies (LBs) accounts for both the permeability barrier and desquamation abnormalities in Harlequin ichthyosis (HI). The barrier abnormality provokes the clinical phenotype in these disorders not only by stimulating epidermal proliferation, but also by inducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Elias
- Dermatology Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Ben Selma Z, Yilmaz S, Schischmanoff PO, Blom A, Ozogul C, Laroche L, Caux F. A Novel S115G Mutation of CGI-58 in a Turkish Patient with Dorfman–Chanarin Syndrome. J Invest Dermatol 2007; 127:2273-6. [PMID: 17495960 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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