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Arruda AP, Cardoso-Dos-Santos AC, Mariath LM, Feira MF, Kowalski TW, Bezerra KRF, da Silva LACT, Ribeiro EM, Schuler-Faccini L. A large family with CYLD cutaneous syndrome: medical genetics at the community level. J Community Genet 2020; 11:279-284. [PMID: 31792733 PMCID: PMC7295879 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-019-00447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in the cylindromatosis gene (CYLD) are associated with a rare autosomal dominant disease known as CYLD cutaneous syndrome (CCS). Patients present multiple neoplasms originating from skin appendages. Here, we investigated the main clinical and molecular features of a large family with CCS having lived in a small Brazilian town for 6 generations, making its prevalence significantly high. We observed a predominance of the disease among males and a wide phenotypic variation. A high frequency of basal cell carcinomas among affected people was found. The mutation c.2806C>T, p.Arg936* in the CYLD gene was detected in all patients. In this work, a geographical cluster of CCS was found, which raised some community genetics issues related not only to the high prevalence of a rare disease in a limited area but also to the strong social stigma associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Pontes Arruda
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Augusto César Cardoso-Dos-Santos
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Luiza Monteavaro Mariath
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Mariléa Furtado Feira
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Thayne Woycinck Kowalski
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lavinia Schuler-Faccini
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil.
- Department of Genetics, INAGEMP-Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501, Porto Alegre, RS, -970, Brazil.
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Fennell LM, Rahighi S, Ikeda F. Linear ubiquitin chain-binding domains. FEBS J 2018; 285:2746-2761. [PMID: 29679476 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin modification (ubiquitination) of target proteins can vary with respect to chain lengths, linkage type, and chain forms, such as homologous, mixed, and branched ubiquitin chains. Thus, ubiquitination can generate multiple unique surfaces on a target protein substrate. Ubiquitin-binding domains (UBDs) recognize ubiquitinated substrates, by specifically binding to these unique surfaces, modulate the formation of cellular signaling complexes and regulate downstream signaling cascades. Among the eight different homotypic chain types, Met1-linked (also termed linear) chains are the only chains in which linkage occurs on a non-Lys residue of ubiquitin. Linear ubiquitin chains have been implicated in immune responses, cell death and autophagy, and several UBDs - specific for linear ubiquitin chains - have been identified. In this review, we describe the main principles of ubiquitin recognition by UBDs, focusing on linear ubiquitin chains and their roles in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian M Fennell
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Austria
| | - Simin Rahighi
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Fumiyo Ikeda
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Austria
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3
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Verhoeft KR, Ngan HL, Lui VWY. The cylindromatosis ( CYLD) gene and head and neck tumorigenesis. CANCERS OF THE HEAD & NECK 2016; 1:10. [PMID: 31093340 PMCID: PMC6460526 DOI: 10.1186/s41199-016-0012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Germline CYLD mutation is associated with the development of a rare inheritable syndrome, called the CYLD cutaneous syndrome. Patients with this syndrome are distinctly presented with multiple tumors in the head and neck region, which can grow in size and number over time. Some of these benign head and neck tumors can turn into malignancies in some individuals. CYLD has been identified to be the only tumor suppressor gene reported to be associated with this syndrome thus far. Here, we summarize all reported CYLD germline mutations associated with this syndrome, as well as the reported paired somatic CYLD mutations of the developed tumors. Interestingly, whole-exome sequencing (WES) studies of multiple cancer types also revealed CYLD mutations in many human malignancies, including head and neck cancers and several epithelial cancers. Currently, the role of CYLD mutations in head and neck carcinogenesis and other cancers is poorly defined. We hope that this timely review of recent findings on CYLD genetics and animal models for oncogenesis can provide important insights into the mechanism of head and neck tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Roberta Verhoeft
- 1Department of Clinical Oncology, Li-Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hongkong, SAR Hong Kong
| | - Hoi Lam Ngan
- 2School of Biomedical Sciences, Li-Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hongkong, SAR Hong Kong
| | - Vivian Wai Yan Lui
- 3School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hongkong, SAR Hong Kong
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Wu JW, Xiao SX, Huo J, An JG, Ren JW. A novel frameshift mutation in the cylindromatosis (CYLD) gene in a Chinese family with multiple familial trichoepithelioma. Arch Dermatol Res 2014; 306:857-60. [PMID: 25234269 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-014-1499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple familial trichoepithelioma (MFT) (OMIM: 601606) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder characterized by numerous, skin-colored papules and nodules with pilar differentiation. Recently, several mutations in the cylindromatosis (CYLD) gene have been reported in MFT. In this study, a mutation analysis of the CYLD was conducted in a Chinese pedigree of typical MFT. Affected individuals were identified through probands from Shanxi Province, China. Lesional skin biopsy of the proband revealed the typical histopathological characteristics of trichoepithelioma. Individuals belonging to five consecutive generations were similarly affected, which indicated an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes using standard phenol/chloroform extraction method. All the coding exons (4-20) and exon-intron boundaries of the CYLD gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Direct sequencing of all PCR products amplified from the complete coding regions of the CYLD gene was performed to identify mutations. Sequencing of the CYLD gene was performed in a further 100 unrelated, unaffected control individuals to exclude the possibility of polymorphism. A novel heterozygous frameshift mutation c.1169_1170delCA (p.Thr390Argfs) was identified in exon 10 of the CYLD gene in the affected family members. This mutation was also detected in unaffected family members, but not in the unrelated, healthy individuals who were also analyzed. Our study expands the database on the CYLD gene mutations in MFT and should be useful in providing genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for families affected by MFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China,
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Zhao XY, Huang YJ, Liang YH, Huang L, Zhao Y, Zeng K. Multiple familial trichoepithelioma: report of a Chinese family not associated with a mutation in the CYLD gene and CYLD protein expression in the trichoepithelioma tumor tissue. Int J Dermatol 2013; 53:e279-81. [PMID: 23879700 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-yan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China
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Sicinska J, Rakowska A, Czuwara-Ladykowska J, Mroz A, Lipinski M, Nasierowska-Guttmejer A, Sikorska J, Sklinda K, Slowinska M, Kowalska-Oledzka E, Walecka I, Walecki J, Rudnicka L. Cylindroma transforming into basal cell carcinoma in a patient with Brooke-Spiegler syndrome. J Dermatol Case Rep 2011; 1:4-9. [PMID: 21886698 DOI: 10.3315/jdcr.2007.1.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brooke-Spiegler syndrome is a rare condition with a predisposition to develop cutaneous adnexal neoplasms, especially cylindromas, trichoepitheliomas and spiradenomas. Malignant transformation of cylindromas is rare. In such cases usually cylindrocarcinomas develop within these lesions. We present an unusual case of basal cell carcinoma developing within a preexisting cylindroma. MAIN OBSERVATIONS 58-year-old woman with a 30-year history of multiple dermal cylindromas extensively involving her scalp was referred for dermatological treatment. The patient reported that one of the long-lasting lesions, 5.5 cm in size, ulcerated within the foregoing few weeks. Histopathology confirmed cylindromas and basal cell carcinoma within the ulcerating tumor. Surgical excision of largest cylindroma tumors led to cosmetic and functional improvement. Magnetic resonance and computed tomography showed tumor infiltration into the skull lamina externa. Metastases were excluded by chest radiography and abdominal ultrasound examination. CONCLUSION Patients with Brooke-Spiegler syndrome should be followed-up for malignant transformation of skin tumors to prevent deep penetration and possible metastases.
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Ying ZX, Ma HQ, Liu Y, Xiao SX, Wang YX, Wang GX. A novel mutation of CYLD in a Chinese family with multiple familial trichoepithelioma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 26:1420-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Multiple (familial) trichoepitheliomas: a clinicopathological and molecular biological study, including CYLD and PTCH gene analysis, of a series of 16 patients. Am J Dermatopathol 2011; 33:251-65. [PMID: 21389835 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0b013e3181f7d373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple familial trichoepitheliomas (MFT) constitute an autosomally inherited syndrome possibly related to Brooke-Spiegler syndrome (BSS). Although some early studies suggested a role for the PTCH gene on chromosome 9q22.3 in the etiopathogenesis of MFT, recent studies of occasional patients with the MFT clinical phenotype identified mutations in the CYLD gene on chromosome 16q12-q13, a gene responsible for BSS. A systematic investigation of PTCH and CYLD mutations in patients with MFT has never been performed. Our main objective was to collect a reasonably large series of patients with MFT to (1) study the clinicopathological spectrum of the disease, (2) determine whether the PTCH gene is implicated in the pathogenesis of MFT, and if so (3) determine the relative frequency of CYLD and PTCH mutations, (4) establish if there may be any possible genotype-phenotype correlations, and (5) study the spectrum of somatic mutations. Clinical analysis including family histories, histopathological investigations, and molecular genetic studies were performed. There were 9 female and 7 male patients ranging in age from 11 to 63 years. They presented with multiple, small, discrete and sometimes confluent, skin-colored to pink, asymptomatic nodules preferentially located on the face, being especially prominent and confluent in the nasolabial folds and inner aspects of the eyebrows. A total of 66 conventional trichoepitheliomas (TEs) were studied microscopically. Aside from typical features of TE, some also exhibited variant morphological patterns including areas reminiscent of other benign adnexal neoplasms and melanocytic hyperplasia. In none of the 9 patients tested was a germline mutation of the PTCH gene identified. Germline CYLD mutations were detected in 6 of 13 patients tested (identical in 2 unrelated patients) including 2 novel mutations, whereas the remaining 7 individuals showed wild-type alleles. Two patients with germline wild-type CYLD showed, however, a somatic mutation in the gene (1 duplication, 1 substitution mutation). Neither CYLD nor PTCH germline mutations were found in the 5 patients in whom both genes were analyzed. MFT seems to be a phenotypic variant of BSS. The PTCH gene is rarely, if ever, involved in the pathogenesis of MFT. Absence of a germline mutation of the CYLD gene in cases harboring a somatic mutation may be explained by large deletions in the gene or by mutation in intronic sequences or in the promoter region. Considering our 5 patients with no mutation in either gene, the final possibility is that another, as yet undescribed gene (neither CYLD nor PTCH) is implicated in the pathogenesis of some patients with MFT.
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Brooke-Spiegler Syndrome: Report of 10 Patients From 8 Families With Novel Germline Mutations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 19:83-91. [DOI: 10.1097/pdm.0b013e3181ba2d96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rajan N, Langtry JAA, Ashworth A, Roberts C, Chapman P, Burn J, Trainer AH. Tumor mapping in 2 large multigenerational families with CYLD mutations: implications for disease management and tumor induction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 145:1277-84. [PMID: 19917957 DOI: 10.1001/archdermatol.2009.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To comprehensively ascertain the extent and severity of clinical features in affected individuals from 2 large families with proven heterozygous mutations in the CYLD locus and to correlate these findings with the 3 appendageal tumor predisposition syndromes (familial cylindromatosis, Brooke-Spiegler syndrome, and multiple familial trichoepitheliomas) known to be associated with such germline mutations. DESIGN Interfamilial and intrafamilial observational study. SETTING Tertiary genetic and dermatology referral center. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-four individuals recruited from 2 large multigenerational families with CYLD mutations. Clinical details, history, and tumor maps were obtained from all participants; in 18, the information was corroborated by detailed clinical examination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Tumor density, distribution and histologic findings, associated medical conditions, patient symptoms, and impact of disease on quality of life. RESULTS The severity of penetrance and phenotype varied within families. Although an approximately equal female to male predisposition was noted, 5 women and 1 man (of 26 patients surveyed [23%]) had undergone total scalp removal. The average age at onset was 16 years (range, 8-30 years). Symptoms reported by affected patients included painful tumors (in 12 of 23 patients [52%] who answered the question), conductive deafness, and sexual dysfunction. Of the 26 surveyed patients, tumors were noted on the scalp in 21 (81%), on the trunk in 18 (69%), and in the pubic area in 11 (42%). Tumor mapping provided clinical evidence that correlated with hormonally stimulated hair follicles being particularly vulnerable to loss of heterozygosity and tumor induction. CONCLUSIONS The burden of disease at sites other than the head and neck appears to be underreported in the literature and greatly affects quality of life. Differentiation between the clinical diagnoses has little prognostic or clinical utility in genetic counseling, even within individuals from the same family. Thus, we suggest an encompassing diagnosis of "CYLD cutaneous syndrome." Finally, the clinical distribution of tumors suggests that hormonal factors may play an important role in tumor induction in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Rajan
- MRCP, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE13BZ, England.
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Wang FX, Yang LJ, Li M, Zhang SL, Zhu XH. A novel missense mutation of CYLD gene in a Chinese family with multiple familial trichoepithelioma. Arch Dermatol Res 2009; 302:67-70. [PMID: 19911186 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-009-1003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Xi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, 3002 Sungang West Road, 518039 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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A Case of Brooke-Spiegler Syndrome With a Novel Germline Deep Intronic Mutation in the CYLD Gene Leading to Intronic Exonization, Diverse Somatic Mutations, and Unusual Histology. Am J Dermatopathol 2009; 31:664-73. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0b013e3181a05dad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Blake PW, Toro JR. Update of cylindromatosis gene (CYLD) mutations in Brooke-Spiegler syndrome: novel insights into the role of deubiquitination in cell signaling. Hum Mutat 2009; 30:1025-36. [PMID: 19462465 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Germline mutations in the cylindromatosis (CYLD) gene have been described in families with cylindromas, trichoepitheliomas, and/or spiradenomas. Brooke-Spiegler syndrome (BSS) is the autosomal dominant predisposition to skin appendageal neoplasms including cylindromas, trichoepitheliomas, and/or spiradenomas. We review the clinical features, molecular genetics, and the animal models of BSS. To date, a total of 51 germline CYLD mutations have been reported, occurring in exons 9-20, in 73 families with diverse ethnic and racial backgrounds. Of 51 mutations, 86% are expected to lead to truncated proteins. The seven missense mutations reported to date occur only within the ubiquitin (Ub)-specific protease (USP) domain of the CYLD protein and most are associated exclusively with multiple familial trichoepithelioma (MFT). CYLD functions as a tumor suppressor gene. CYLD encodes a deubiquitinating (DUB) enzyme that negatively regulates the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways. CYLD DUB activity is highly specific for lysine 63 (K63)-linked Ub chains but has been shown to act on K48-linked Ub chains as well. In 2008, the CYLD USP domain was crystallized, revealing that the truncated Fingers subdomain confers CYLD's unique specificity for K63-linked Ub chains. Recent work using animal models revealed new roles for CYLD in immunity, lipid metabolism, spermatogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, antimicrobial defense, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Blake
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland 20892-4562, USA
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Huang TM, Chao SC, Lee JYY. A novel splicing mutation of the CYLD gene in a Taiwanese family with multiple familial trichoepithelioma. Clin Exp Dermatol 2009; 34:77-80. [PMID: 19076795 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.02870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiple familial trichoepithelioma (MFT) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by numerous skin-coloured papules on the central face. Mutations in the CYLD gene, which is also the gene responsible for familial cylindromatosis, have been reported recently. Recent studies indicate that CYLD is a tumour-suppressor gene. The CYLD protein is a negative regulator of the activation of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB, and loss of CYLD contributes to oncogenesis. We report a novel splicing mutation (IVS12 + 1 G-->A) in the CYLD gene in a Taiwanese pedigree with MFT, and discuss new developments in treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-M Huang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Parren LJMT, Bauer B, Hamm H, Frank J. Brooke-Spiegler syndrome complicated by unilateral hearing loss. Int J Dermatol 2008; 47 Suppl 1:56-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03963.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liang YH, Sun CS, Ye XY, Zhang W, Yang S, Zhang XJ. Novel substitution and frameshift mutations of CYLD in two Chinese families with multiple familial trichoepithelioma. Br J Dermatol 2008; 158:1156-8. [PMID: 18363762 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08491.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lv HL, Huang YJ, Zhou D, Du YF, Zhao XY, Liang YH, Quan C, Zhang H, Zhou FS, Gao M, Zhou L, Yang S, Zhang XJ. A novel missense mutation of CYLD gene in a Chinese family with multiple familial trichoepithelioma. J Dermatol Sci 2008; 50:143-6. [PMID: 18242958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2007.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Revised: 11/19/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zuo YG, Xu Y, Wang B, Liu YH, Qu T, Fang K, Ho MG. A novel mutation of CYLD in a Chinese family with multiple familial trichoepithelioma and no CYLD protein expression in the tumour tissue. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157:818-21. [PMID: 17662085 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08081.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zhang G, Huang Y, Yan K, Li W, Fan X, Liang Y, Sun L, Li H, Zhang S, Gao M, Du W, Yang S, Liu J, Zhang X. Diverse phenotype of Brooke-Spiegler syndrome associated with a nonsense mutation in the CYLD tumor suppressor gene. Exp Dermatol 2007; 15:966-70. [PMID: 17083363 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00501.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brooke-Spiegler syndrome (BSS) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by cylindromas, trichoepitheliomas and occasionally spiradenomas. The disease gene was mapped to 16q12-13, and mutations in the CYLD gene were identified in families with BSS. In the present report, we describe a large consanguineous Chinese family with BSS showing an intra-family phenotypic variability. Clinically, some affected individuals only revealed discrete small skin-coloured tumors whereas the proband showed an expansion of multiple large tumors on the back of nose and numerous dome-shaped papules on her scalp. Histologically, both trichoepitheliomas and cylindromas were found in the affected individuals. By sequence analysis, we identified a recurrent mutation 2272C>T (R758X) of the CYLD gene in the affected individuals of this family, which was previously identified in other ethnic families with familial cylindromatosis. Our result provided additional information for phenotype-genotype correlation in BSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolong Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology & Department of Dermatology at First Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Young AL, Kellermayer R, Szigeti R, Tészás A, Azmi S, Celebi JT. CYLD mutations underlie Brooke-Spiegler, familial cylindromatosis, and multiple familial trichoepithelioma syndromes. Clin Genet 2006; 70:246-9. [PMID: 16922728 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2006.00667.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brooke-Spiegler syndrome (BSS), familial cylindromatosis (FC), and multiple familial trichoepithelioma (MFT), originally described as distinct inherited disorders, are characterized by a variety of skin appendage neoplasms. Mutations in the CYLD gene are found in individuals with these syndromes. We describe a single family with affected members exhibiting either the FC or the MFT phenotypes associated with a mutation in the CYLD gene. These findings support the notion that BSS, FC, and MFT represent phenotypic variation of a single defect. Of interest, one of the affected individuals described in this report exhibits a severe phenotype illustrating the morbidity of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Young
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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