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González R, Murillo-López J, Rabanal-León W, Prent-Peñaloza L, Concepción O, Olivares P, Duarte Y, de la Torre AF, Gutiérrez M, Caballero J. Multicomponent synthesis and photophysical study of novel α,β-unsaturated carbonyl depsipeptides and peptoids. Front Chem 2023; 11:1245941. [PMID: 37663141 PMCID: PMC10471130 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1245941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions were performed to develop novel α,β-unsaturated carbonyl depsipeptides and peptoids incorporating various chromophores such as cinnamic, coumarin, and quinolines. Thus, through the Passerini and Ugi multicomponent reactions (P-3CR and U-4CR), we obtained thirteen depsipeptides and peptoids in moderate to high yield following the established protocol and fundamentally varying the electron-rich carboxylic acid as reactants. UV/Vis spectroscopy was utilized to study the photophysical properties of the newly synthesized compounds. Differences between the carbonyl-substituted chromophores cause differences in electron delocalization that can be captured in the spectra. The near UV regions of all the compounds exhibited strong absorption bands. Compounds P2, P5, U2, U5, and U7 displayed absorption bands in the range of 250-350 nm, absorbing radiation in this broad region of the electromagnetic spectrum. A photostability study for U5 showed that its molecular structure does not change after exposure to UV radiation. Fluorescence analysis showed an incipient emission of U5, while U6 showed blue fluorescence under UV radiation. The photophysical properties and electronic structure were also determined by TD-DFT theoretical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricelia González
- Doctorado en Ciencias Mención I + D de Productos Bioactivos, Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Juliana Murillo-López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Walter Rabanal-León
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Luis Prent-Peñaloza
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Odette Concepción
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Pedro Olivares
- Centro de Bioinformática y Biología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yorley Duarte
- Centro de Bioinformática y Biología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander F. de la Torre
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Margarita Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Departamento de Bioinformática, Facultad de Ingeniería, Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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Ma H, Li F, Shen G, Pan L, Liu W, Liang R, Lan T, Yang Y, Yang J, Liao J, Liu N. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of 211At-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor for glioma treatment. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 55:116600. [PMID: 34999526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor without effective treatment. Positron emission tomography tracers labeled with 68Ga targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP) have shown favorable characteristics in the diagnosis of glioma. However, to the best of our knowledge, FAP-targeted endoradiotherapy has never been explored in glioma. Hence, in this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of 211At-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) for glioma in vitro and in vivo. By astatodestannylation reaction, we prepared 211At-FAPI-04 with a radiochemical yield of 45 ± 6.7% and radiochemical purity of 98%. With good stability in vitro, 211At-FAPI-04 showed fast and specific binding to FAP-positive U87MG cells, and could significantly reduce the cell viability, arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase and suppressed cell proliferative efficacy. Biodistribution studies revealed that 6-fold higher accumulation in tumor sites was achieved by intratumoral injection in comparison with intravenous injection. In U87MG xenografts, 211At-FAPI-04 obviously suppressed the tumor growth and prolonged the median survival in a dose-dependent manner without obvious toxicity to normal organs. In addition, reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis were also observed after 211At-FAPI-04 treatment. All these results suggest that targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) mediated by 211At-FAPI-04 can provide an effective and promising strategy for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Feize Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
| | - Guohua Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Lili Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Weihao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Ranxi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Tu Lan
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Yuanyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Jijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Jiali Liao
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
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Niu T, Tian Y, Mei Z, Guo G. Inhibition of Autophagy Enhances Curcumin United light irradiation-induced Oxidative Stress and Tumor Growth Suppression in Human Melanoma Cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31383. [PMID: 27502897 PMCID: PMC4977547 DOI: 10.1038/srep31383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin carcinoma, which possesses fast propagating and highly invasive characteristics. Curcumin is a natural phenol compound that has various biological activities, such as anti-proliferative and apoptosis-accelerating impacts on tumor cells. Unfortunately, the therapeutical activities of Cur are severely hindered due to its extremely low bioavailability. In this study, a cooperative therapy of low concentration Cur combined with red united blue light irradiation was performed to inspect the synergistic effects on the apoptosis, proliferation and autophagy in human melanoma A375 cell. The results showed that red united blue light irradiation efficaciously synergized with Cur to trigger oxidative stress-mediated cell death, induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation. Meanwhile, Western blotting revealed that combined disposure induced the formation of autophagosomes. Conversely, inhibition of the autophagy enhanced apoptosis, obstructed cell cycle arrest and induced reversible proliferation arrest to senescence. These findings suggest that Cur combined with red united blue light irradiation could generate photochemo-preventive effects via enhancing apoptosis and triggering autophagy, and pharmacological inhibition of autophagy convert reversible arrested cells to senescence, therefore reducing the possibility that damaged cells might escape programmed death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Niu
- Aviation Medicine Research Laboratory, The General Hospital of the Air Force, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Dermatology, The General Hospital of the Air Force, Beijing, China
| | - Zhusong Mei
- Aviation Medicine Research Laboratory, The General Hospital of the Air Force, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjin Guo
- Aviation Medicine Research Laboratory, The General Hospital of the Air Force, Beijing, China
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O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene expression is associated with ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced cell growth inhibition and recovery. Genes Genomics 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-015-0308-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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A Potent Inhibitor of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) and Mitogen Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Signalling, Quercetin (3, 3', 4', 5, 7-Pentahydroxyflavone) Promotes Cell Death in Ultraviolet (UV)-B-Irradiated B16F10 Melanoma Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131253. [PMID: 26148186 PMCID: PMC4493061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation–induced skin damage contributes strongly to the formation of melanoma, a highly lethal form of skin cancer. Quercetin (Qu), the most widely consumed dietary bioflavonoid and well known inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase signalling, has been reported to be chemopreventive in several forms of non-melanoma skin cancers. Here, we report that the treatment of ultraviolet (UV)-B-irradiated B16F10 melanoma cells with quercetin resulted in a dose dependent reduction in cell viability and increased apoptosis. The present study has brought out that the pro-apoptotic effects of quercetin in UVB-irradiated B16F10 cells are mediated through the elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, calcium homeostasis imbalance, modulation of anti-oxidant defence response and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM). Promotion of UVB-induced cell death by quercetin was further revealed by cleavage of chromosomal DNA, caspase activation, poly (ADP) ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage, and an increase in sub-G1 cells. Quercetin markedly attenuated MEK-ERK signalling, influenced PI3K/Akt pathway, and potentially enhanced the UVB-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation. Furthermore, combined UVB and quercetin treatment decreased the ratio of Bcl-2 to that of Bax, and upregulated the expression of Bim and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF). Overall, these results suggest the possibility of using quercetin in combination with UVB as a possible treatment option for melanoma in future.
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Photocarcinogenesis: an epidemiologic perspective on ultraviolet light and skin cancer. Dermatol Clin 2015; 32:301-13, viii. [PMID: 24891053 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photocarcinogenesis is the result of a complex interplay between ultraviolet radiation, DNA damage, mutation formation, DNA repair, apoptosis, and the immune system. Recent trends show an increase in incidence of both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers. Some individuals have a genetic predisposition toward increased risk for skin cancer, whereas others experience increased risk through ultraviolet exposure and subsequent mutation formation. The initiation and propagation pathways of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers differ but have some elements in common. The increase in incidence of skin cancer has been discovered to vary among age groups and gender.
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Stiefel C, Schwack W. Photoprotection in changing times - UV filter efficacy and safety, sensitization processes and regulatory aspects. Int J Cosmet Sci 2014; 37:2-30. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Stiefel
- Institute of Food Chemistry; University of Hohenheim; Garbenstrasse 28 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - W. Schwack
- Institute of Food Chemistry; University of Hohenheim; Garbenstrasse 28 70599 Stuttgart Germany
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Buss S, Dobra J, Goerg K, Hoffmann S, Kippenberger S, Kaufmann R, Hofmann M, Bernd A. Visible light is a better co-inducer of apoptosis for curcumin-treated human melanoma cells than UVA. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79748. [PMID: 24255713 PMCID: PMC3821844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin attracts worldwide scientific interest due to its anti-proliferative and apoptosis inducing effects on different tumor cells at concentrations ranging from 10 to 150 µM (3.7-55 µg/ml). Unfortunately, because of a low oral bioavailability, only low and pharmacologically ineffective serum levels are achievable. In this study, an alternative treatment concept consisting of low concentration curcumin (0.2-5 µg/ml) and irradiation with UVA or visible light (VL) has been tested. The experimental results show clearly that this treatment decreases the proliferation and the viability of human melanoma cells while the cell membrane integrity remains intact. We identified the onset of apoptosis characterized by typical markers such as active caspases 8, 9 and 3 as well as DNA fragmentation accompanied by the loss of cell adhesion. The mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway is predominant due to an early activation of caspase-9. The present data indicate a higher efficacy of a combination of curcumin and VL than curcumin and UVA. Reduced effects as a result of light absorption by heavily pigmented skin are unlikely if VL is used. These results indicate that a combination of curcumin and light irradiation may be a useful additional therapy in the treatment of malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Buss
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital, J.W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jadranka Dobra
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital, J.W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Kerstin Goerg
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital, J.W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoffmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital, J.W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Kippenberger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital, J.W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Roland Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital, J.W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Matthias Hofmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital, J.W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - August Bernd
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital, J.W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Müller K, Gilbertz KP, Meineke V. Serotonin and ionizing radiation synergistically affect proliferation and adhesion molecule expression of malignant melanoma cells. J Dermatol Sci 2012; 68:89-98. [PMID: 22938911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells are key effectors of the immune system and are involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Dermal mast cells have been demonstrated to degranulate as a consequence of ionizing radiation exposure. Mast cells accumulate at the periphery of skin tumours including malignant melanoma. Melanoma cells thus represent a potential target for the action of mediators released from irradiated mast cells. OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated the effects of serotonin and ionizing radiation on the proliferation and the adhesion molecule expression of malignant melanoma cells. METHODS Human mast cells (HMC-1) were examined for serotonin release after irradiation using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein expression of serotonin receptors and adhesion molecules on human melanoma cells (IPC-298) was investigated by flow cytometry. Cell attachment to fibronectin was determined by an adhesion assay. Proliferation and cell cycle kinetics were analysed by proliferation assay and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)/DNA dual parameter flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS Ionizing radiation exposure resulted in serotonin release by HMC-1 cells. Expression of serotonin receptors was detected on IPC-298 cells. Serotonin enhanced the radiation-induced reduction in melanoma cell proliferation. Serotonin and ionizing radiation synergistically increased the expression of adhesion molecules on melanoma cells and improved cell adhesion to fibronectin. The up-regulation of cellular adhesion molecule expression was attenuated by inhibitors to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, mitogen-activated protein (MAP) ERK kinase and protein kinase C. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that serotonin released from irradiated dermal mast cells modulates the radiation response of human melanoma cells. We postulate that radiation-induced mast cell degranulation and mediator release have a great impact on malignant melanoma cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Müller
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany.
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Imatinib mesylate induction of ROS-dependent apoptosis in melanoma B16F0 cells. J Dermatol Sci 2011; 62:183-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Liu F, Singh A, Yang Z, Garcia A, Kong Y, Meyskens FL. MiTF links Erk1/2 kinase and p21 CIP1/WAF1 activation after UVC radiation in normal human melanocytes and melanoma cells. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:214. [PMID: 20701798 PMCID: PMC2928201 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a survival factor for melanocytes lineage cells, MiTF plays multiple roles in development and melanomagenesis. What role MiTF plays in the DNA damage response is currently unknown. In this report we observed that MiTF was phosphorylated at serine 73 after UVC radiation, which was followed by proteasome-mediated degradation. Unlike after c-Kit stimulation, inhibiting p90RSK-1 did not abolish the band shift of MiTF protein, nor did it abolish the UVC-mediated MiTF degradation, suggesting that phosphorylation on serine 73 by Erk1/2 is a key event after UVC. Furthermore, the MiTF-S73A mutant (Serine 73 changed to Alanine via site-directed mutagenesis) was unable to degrade and was continuously expressed after UVC exposure. Compared to A375 melanoma cells expressing wild-type MiTF (MiTF-WT), cells expressing MiTF-S73A mutant showed less p21WAF1/CIP1 accumulation and a delayed p21WAF1/CIP1 recovery after UVC. Consequently, cells expressing MiTF-WT showed a temporary G1 arrest after UVC, but cells expressing MiTF-S73A mutant or lack of MiTF expression did not. Finally, cell lines with high levels of MiTF expression showed higher resistance to UVC-induced cell death than those with low-level MiTF. These data suggest that MiTF mediates a survival signal linking Erk1/2 activation and p21WAF1/CIP1 regulation via phosphorylation on serine 73, which facilitates cell cycle arrest. In addition, our data also showed that exposure to different wavelengths of UV light elicited different signal pathways involving MiTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
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Burattini S, Ferri P, Battistelli M, D'Emilio A, Biagiotti L, Sestili P, Rocchi MBL, Falcieri E. Apoptotic DNA fragmentation can be revealed in situ: an ultrastructural approach. Microsc Res Tech 2010; 72:913-23. [PMID: 19484747 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A common pattern of apoptotic death is DNA cleavage, initially producing large fragments (50 kbp), followed by the production of nucleosomic/oligonucleosomic fragments. Nevertheless, apoptosis without DNA fragmentation, at least of the nucleosomic type, has been reported. To investigate the spatial relationship between DNA cleavage and chromatin condensation, we applied the TUNEL technique to the ultrastructural analysis of apoptotic cells. A modified method, utilizing a gold-conjugated antidigoxigenin antibody, was carried out on U937 versus Molt-4 cells, both exposed to UVB radiation or staurosporine treatment. Gold particle density in the different domains of apoptotic cells was evaluated by a four-way ANOVA test. Gold labelling was more strongly localised in condensed chromatin than in the diffuse chromatin. U937 cells, which evidenced in vitro oligonucleosomic fragmentation after both UVB and staurosporine treatments, revealed a significantly higher gold particle density, when compared with Molt-4, which did not show, on the other hand, oligonucleosomic cleavage even in the presence of < or = 50 kbp cleavage. Thus, a correlation between DNA fragment sizes and gold particle density appears. TUNEL applied to electron microscopy is an effective approach to study the relationship between apoptotic chromatin condensation and DNA cleavage. Both these events indeed appear in the apoptotic nucleus, but their reciprocal correlation is still greatly unknown. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Burattini
- Di.SUAN, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, I-61029 Urbino, Italy
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Oshima Y, Shinzawa H, Takenaka T, Furihata C, Sato H. Discrimination analysis of human lung cancer cells associated with histological type and malignancy using Raman spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2010; 15:017009. [PMID: 20210483 DOI: 10.1117/1.3316296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The Raman spectroscopic technique enables the observation of intracellular molecules without fixation or labeling procedures in situ. Raman spectroscopy is a promising technology for diagnosing cancers-especially lung cancer, one of the most common cancers in humans-and other diseases. The purpose of this study was to find an effective marker for the identification of cancer cells and their malignancy using Raman spectroscopy. We demonstrate a classification of cultured human lung cancer cells using Raman spectroscopy, principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discrimination analysis (LDA). Raman spectra of single, normal lung cells, along with four cancer cells with different pathological types, were successfully obtained with an excitation laser at 532 nm. The strong appearance of bands due to cytochrome c (cyt-c) indicates that spectra are resonant and enhanced via the Q-band near 550 nm with excitation light. The PCA loading plot suggests a large contribution of cyt-c in discriminating normal cells from cancer cells. The PCA results reflect the nature of the original cancer, such as its histological type and malignancy. The five cells were successfully discriminated by the LDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Oshima
- Aoyama Gakuin University, College of Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Ridley AJ, Whiteside JR, McMillan TJ, Allinson SL. Cellular and sub-cellular responses to UVA in relation to carcinogenesis. Int J Radiat Biol 2009; 85:177-95. [PMID: 19296341 DOI: 10.1080/09553000902740150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE UVA radiation (315-400 nm) contributes to skin aging and carcinogenesis. The aim of this review is to consider the mechanisms that underlie UVA-induced cellular damage, how this damage may be prevented or repaired and the signal transduction processes that are elicited in response to it. RESULTS Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light is well-established as the causative factor in skin cancer. Until recently, most work on the mechanisms that underlie skin carcinogenesis focused on shorter wavelength UVB radiation (280-315 nm), however in recent years there has been increased interest in the contribution made by UVA. UVA is able to cause a range of damage to cellular biomolecules including lipid peroxidation, oxidized protein and DNA damage, such as 8-oxoguanine and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. Such damage is strongly implicated in both cell death and malignant transformation and cells have a number of mechanisms in place to mitigate the effects of UVA exposure, including antioxidants, DNA repair, and stress signalling pathways. CONCLUSIONS The past decade has seen a surge of interest in the biological effects of UVA exposure as its significance to the process of photo-carcinogenesis has become increasingly evident. However, unpicking the unique complexity of the cellular response to UVA, which is only now becoming apparent, will be a major challenge for the field of photobiology in the 21st century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Ridley
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, UK.
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Alexandroff A, Burd R. Footprints of the EADV: a meeting report from the 17th Congress of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. Br J Dermatol 2009; 160:938-45. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09107.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Manganoni AM, Tucci G, Venturini M, Farisoglio C, Calzavara-Pinton PG. Repeated equally effective suberythemogenic exposures to ultraviolet (UV)A1 or narrowband UVB induce similar changes of the dermoscopic pattern of acquired melanocytic nevi that can be prevented by high-protection UVA-UVB sunscreens. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008; 58:763-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2007] [Revised: 11/27/2007] [Accepted: 12/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Gidanian S, Mentelle M, Meyskens FL, Farmer PJ. Melanosomal damage in normal human melanocytes induced by UVB and metal uptake--a basis for the pro-oxidant state of melanoma. Photochem Photobiol 2008; 84:556-64. [PMID: 18331399 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Melanins are ubiquitous catecholic pigments, formed in organelles called melanosomes within melanocytes, the function of which is to protect skin against harmful effects of UV radiation. Melanosomes within melanoma cells are characteristically abnormal, with fragmented melanin and disrupted membranes. We hypothesize that the disruption of melanosomal melanin might be an early event in the etiology and progression of melanoma, leading to increased oxidative stress and mutation. In this report, we examine the effect of a combination of UV treatment and metal ion exposure on melanosomes within melanocytes, as well as their ability to act as pro-oxidants in ex situ experiments, and assay the effects of this treatment on viability and cell cycle progression. UVB exposure causes morphologic changes of the cells and bleaching of melanosomes in normal melanocytes, both significantly enhanced in Cu(II) and Cd(II)-treated cells, as observed by microscopy. The promoted bleaching by Cu(II) is due to its ability to redox cycle under oxidative conditions, generating reactive oxygen species; verified by the observed enhancement of hydroxyl radical generation when isolated melanosomes were treated with both Cu(II) ions and UVB, as assayed by DNA clipping. Single-dose UVB/Cu treatment does not greatly affect cell viability or cell cycle progression in heavily pigmented cells, but did so in an amelanotic early stage melanoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Gidanian
- Department of Medicine, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Lee YS, Sohn KC, Jang S, Lee Y, Hwang C, Kim KH, Cho MJ, Kim CD, Lee JH. Anti-apoptotic role of S100A8 in X-ray irradiated keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2008; 51:11-8. [PMID: 18325741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2007] [Revised: 12/31/2007] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ionizing radiation is used to treat a lot of cancers, however, it also produced unwanted side effect on normal tissues, such as radiodermatitis. We previously established an animal model for radiodermatitis, and identified many of radiation-induced genes by cDNA microarray. Of the candidates, we chose S100A8 gene for a further study. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the functional role of S100A8 in X-ray irradiated keratinocytes. METHODS RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to demonstrate the S100A8 induction by X-ray irradiation. HaCaT keratinocytes were transduced with the recombinant adenovirus expressing GFP-S100A8, and then effects on cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry and Western blot. RESULTS X-ray irradiation markedly induced S100A8 expression in the hyperplastic epidermis of mouse. Overexpression of S100A8 by adenoviral transduction led to the enhancement of cell proliferation in the absence and/or presence of X-ray irradiation, as compared with Ad/GFP control group. Furthermore, overexpression of S100A8 significantly protected the X-ray-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION These results suggest that S100A8 have an anti-apoptotic role in X-ray irradiated keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sook Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 640 Daesa-dong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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