1
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Irahara M, Yamamoto-Hanada K, Sato M, Saito-Abe M, Miyaji Y, Yang L, Nishizato M, Kumasaka N, Mezawa H, Ohya Y. Endotoxin concentration and persistent eczema in early childhood. J Dermatol 2022; 50:646-655. [PMID: 36578125 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although endotoxin concentration in the environment is negatively associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) onset in early childhood, the association between endotoxin concentration in the environment and eczema resolution in children with preexisting eczema is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between endotoxin concentration in house dust and eczema persistence in young children. The authors used data from children participating in JECS (Japan Environment and Children's Study). In children who had AD or AD-like lesions at the age of 1 year, the authors investigated the association between the prevalence of eczema at the age of 3 years and endotoxin concentration (categorized by quartiles) in the dust on children's mattresses at the ages of 1.5 and 3 years. This study included 605 children. Eczema was significantly less prevalent among children whose mattresses were in the second and third quartiles of endotoxin concentration when they were 18 months old than among children whose mattresses were in the first quartile (adjusted odds ratio, 0.57 [95% confidence interval, 0.35-0.93] and adjusted odds ratio, 0.49 [95% confidence interval, 0.29-0.83], respectively). Moreover, of the children with eczema at age 3 years, those whose mattresses had endotoxin concentrations in the first quartile had significantly worse sleep disturbance caused by itchy rash (>1 time per week) than did those whose mattresses were in the third and fourth quartiles (20.0% vs 3.3% and 3.7%, both p values < 0.01). The findings indicate that low endotoxin exposure is associated with a higher prevalence of persistent eczema during early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Irahara
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miori Sato
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayako Saito-Abe
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Miyaji
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Limin Yang
- Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minaho Nishizato
- Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuhiko Kumasaka
- Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetohi Mezawa
- Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ohya
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Support Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Zhang M, Miura T, Suzuki S, Chiyotanda M, Tanaka S, Sugiyama K, Kawashima H, Hirano T. Vitamin K2 Suppresses Proliferation and Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Mitogen-Activated Lymphocytes of Atopic Dermatitis Patients through the Inhibition of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:7-17. [PMID: 33390552 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin K2 is suggested to have a suppressive effect on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of pediatric atopic dermatitis patients. We examined the molecular targets of vitamin K2 to suppress proliferation and cytokine production in T-cell mitogen-activated PBMCs of atopic dermatitis patients from the viewpoint of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling molecules. The study population included 16 pediatric vitamin K2 patients and 21 healthy subjects. The effect of vitamin K2 on concanavalin A-activated PBMC proliferation was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and cell counting assays. T-helper (Th)1/Th2/Th17 cytokine profiles in plasma and PBMC-culture supernatants were analyzed by a cytometric beads array assay. Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling molecules in concanavalin A-activated PBMCs were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays. At 10-100 µM, vitamin K2 significantly suppressed the proliferation of mitogen-activated PBMCs derived from atopic dermatitis patients and healthy subjects (p < 0.05). The interleukin (IL)-10 concentrations in plasma and the PBMC culture supernatants of atopic dermatitis patients were significantly higher than those of healthy subjects (p < 0.05). The IL-2 concentrations in the culture supernatants of atopic dermatitis PBMCs were significantly lower than those of healthy PBMCs (p < 0.05). Vitamin K2 significantly inhibited the IL-17A, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production (p < 0.05), and increased the IL-2 production (p < 0.01) in the culture supernatant of atopic dermatitis PBMCs. At 10-100 µM, vitamin K2 markedly decreased the of Mek1, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and SAPK/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) expression in atopic dermatitis PBMCs (p < 0.05). Vitamin K2 is suggested to attenuate activated T-cell immunity in atopic dermatitis patients through the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase-Mek1-ERK1/2 and SAPK/JNK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences.,Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| | - Taro Miura
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center
| | - Shunsuke Suzuki
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center
| | - Masako Chiyotanda
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University
| | - Sachiko Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Kentaro Sugiyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Hisashi Kawashima
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University
| | - Toshihiko Hirano
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
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Wang X, Gessier F, Perozzo R, Stojkov D, Hosseini A, Amirshahrokhi K, Kuchen S, Yousefi S, Lötscher P, Simon HU. RIPK3–MLKL–Mediated Neutrophil Death Requires Concurrent Activation of Fibroblast Activation Protein-α. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:1653-1663. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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4
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Yin SJ, Lee JR, Kwak H, Lee BN, Han JW, Hahn MJ, Park YD, Yang JM. Functional study of 14-3-3 protein epsilon (YWHAE) in keratinocytes: microarray integrating bioinformatics approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:2633-2649. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1637282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jun Yin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jae-Rin Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyunchang Kwak
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Bit-Na Lee
- Genomic Research Center, EBIOGEN Inc, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Han
- Genomic Research Center, EBIOGEN Inc, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myong-Joon Hahn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yong-Doo Park
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Dermatology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Skin Diseases Research Center, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-Mo Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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5
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Zhao J, Chen ZY, Li LF. Association Between theIL-10-1082G/A,IL-10-592A/C, andIL-10-819G/APolymorphisms and Atopic Dermatitis Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:332-341. [PMID: 30932690 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ze-yu Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Changping Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-feng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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6
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Sgnotto FDR, de Oliveira MG, Lira AAL, Inoue AHS, Titz TO, Orfali RL, Bento-de-Souza L, Sato MN, Aoki V, Duarte AJS, Victor JR. IgG from atopic dermatitis patients induces IL-17 and IL-10 production in infant intrathymic TCD4 and TCD8 cells. Int J Dermatol 2018; 57:434-440. [PMID: 29355930 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our group recently demonstrated that IgG modulates αβT cell cytokine production during the maturation process in the human thymus. The effects of this modulation are IgG repertoire dependent and can exert a systemic and long-term impact. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether IgG from atopic dermatitis (AD) patients can modulate cytokine production of infant intrathymic TCD4 and TCD8 cells in vitro. METHODS Thymic tissues were obtained from newborn children from nonatopic mothers, and thymocytes were cultured for 6 days with purified IgG from AD patients or with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or mock conditions as controls. Cells were gated as double positive T cells (TDP- CD4+ CD8+ ), TCD4 cells (CD4+ CD8- ), or TCD8 cells (CD4- CD8+ ), and intracellular levels of IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β were evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS Compared to mock and IVIG culture conditions, IgG of AD individuals induced in vitro intracellular production of IL-17 and IL-10 by intrathymic TDP, TCD4, and TCD8 cells of infants. TGF-β was also detected at a higher frequency in response to AD IgG in TDP and TCD8 cells compared to mock and IVIG cultured conditions. An opposite effect was detected upon IFN-γ production in TCD4 cells, such that AD IgG reduced IFN-γ production compared to production under mock conditions but not under IVIG conditions. CONCLUSION IgG of AD patients can stimulate cytokine production in infant thymocytes and thus resembles the peripheral profile observed in adults. These findings suggest a novel mechanism that can contribute to AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio D R Sgnotto
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilia G de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline A L Lira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda H S Inoue
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago O Titz
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel L Orfali
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Bento-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria N Sato
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valeria Aoki
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto J S Duarte
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jefferson R Victor
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Environmental Health, FMU, Laureate International Universities, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Darling AR, Freyschmidt EJ, Burton OT, Koleoglou KJ, Oyoshi MK, Oettgen HC. IL-10 suppresses IL-17-mediated dermal inflammation and reduces the systemic burden of Vaccinia virus in a mouse model of eczema vaccinatum. Clin Immunol 2013; 150:153-60. [PMID: 24412909 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) are susceptible to a severe, potentially fatal, systemic infection and inflammatory response following exposure to Vaccinia virus (VV). IL-10 acts both as an inducer of Th2 responses and as a regulator of T cell activation. It has been shown to limit skin inflammation elicited by contact sensitizers. AD exacerbations have been associated with decreased IL-10 function. We used IL-10(-/-) mice to test the role of the cytokine in VV immunity. They exhibited larger primary lesions and increased cutaneous neutrophil infiltration compared to wild-type (WT) counterparts. This was associated with enhanced production of IL-17A, IL-17F and CXCL2. Paradoxically, despite intact adaptive immune responses, tissue viral burdens were increased in IL-10(-/-) mice. These findings suggest that IL-10 is important in limiting skin inflammation induced by VV and that abnormal IL-17-driven neutrophil recruitment at the primary infection site in the skin results in increased systemic viral dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna R Darling
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Oliver T Burton
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kyle J Koleoglou
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michiko K Oyoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hans C Oettgen
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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8
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The Drinking Effect of Hydrogen Water on Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Dermatophagoides farinae Allergen in NC/Nga Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:538673. [PMID: 24348704 PMCID: PMC3852999 DOI: 10.1155/2013/538673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen water (HW) produced by electrolysis of water has characteristics of extremely low oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) value and high dissolved hydrogen (DH). It has been proved to have various beneficial effects including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; however, HW effect on atopic dermatitis (AD), an inflammatory skin disorder, is poorly documented. In the present study, we examined the immunological effect of drinking HW on Dermatophagoides farinae-induced AD-like skin in NC/Nga mice. Mice were administered with HW and purified water (PW) for 25 days. We evaluated the serum concentration of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α), Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12p70), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10), and cytokine expressed by both subsets (GM-CSF) to assess their possible relationship to the severity of AD. The serum levels of cytokines such as IL-10, TNF-α, IL-12p70, and GM-CSF of mice administered with HW was significantly reduced as compared to PW group. The results suggest that HW affects allergic contact dermatitis through modulation of Th1 and Th2 responses in NC/Nga mice. This is the first note on the drinking effect of HW on AD, clinically implying a promising potential remedy for treatment of AD.
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9
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Acevedo N, Sánchez J, Zakzuk J, Bornacelly A, Quiróz C, Alvarez Á, Puello M, Mendoza K, Martínez D, Mercado D, Jiménez S, Caraballo L. Particular characteristics of allergic symptoms in tropical environments: follow up to 24 months in the FRAAT birth cohort study. BMC Pulm Med 2012; 12:13. [PMID: 22439773 PMCID: PMC3331807 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-12-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early wheezing and asthma are relevant health problems in the tropics. Mite sensitization is an important risk factor, but the roles of others, inherent in poverty, are unknown. We designed a birth-cohort study in Cartagena (Colombia) to investigate genetic and environmental risk factors for asthma and atopy, considering as particular features perennial exposure to mites, parasite infections and poor living conditions. Methods Pregnant women representative of the low-income suburbs of the city were randomly screened for eligibility at delivery; 326 mother-infant pairs were included at baseline and biological samples were collected from birth to 24 months for immunological testing, molecular genetics and gene expression analysis. Pre and post-natal information was collected using questionnaires. Results 94% of families were from the poorest communes of the city, 40% lacked sewage and 11% tap-water. Intestinal parasites were found as early as 3 months; by the second year, 37.9% of children have had parasites and 5.22% detectable eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides in stools (Median 3458 epg, IQR 975-9256). The prevalence of "wheezing ever" was 17.5% at 6 months, 31.1% at 12 months and 38.3% at 24 months; and recurrent wheezing (3 or more episodes) 7.1% at 12 months and 14.2% at 24 months. Maternal rhinitis [aOR 3.03 (95%CI 1.60-5.74), p = 0.001] and male gender [aOR 2.09 (95%CI 1.09 - 4.01), p = 0.026], increased risk for wheezing at 6 months. At 24 months, maternal asthma was the main predisposing factor for wheezing [aOR 3.65 (95%CI 1.23-10.8), p = 0.01]. Clinical symptoms of milk/egg allergy or other food-induced allergies were scarce (1.8%) and no case of atopic eczema was observed. Conclusions Wheezing is the most frequent phenotype during the first 24 months of life and is strongly associated with maternal asthma. At 24 months, the natural history of allergic symptoms is different to the "atopic march" described in some industrialized countries. This cohort is representative of socially deprived urban areas of underdeveloped tropical countries. The collection of biological samples, data on exposure and defined phenotypes, will contribute to understand the gene/environment interactions leading to allergy inception and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Acevedo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
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10
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Brandt EB, Sivaprasad U. Th2 Cytokines and Atopic Dermatitis. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 2:110. [PMID: 21994899 PMCID: PMC3189506 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 424] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease, is increasing in prevalence around the world. Intensive research is ongoing to understand the mechanisms involved in the development of AD and offer new treatment options for patients suffering from AD. In this review, we highlight the importance of allergic Th2 responses in the development of the disease and summarize relevant literature, including genetic studies, studies of human skin and mechanistic studies on keratinocytes and mouse models of AD. We discuss the importance of the skin barrier and review recent findings on the pro-Th2 cytokines TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33, notably their ability to polarize dendritic cells and promote Th2 responses. After a brief update on the contribution of different T-cell subsets to AD, we focus on Th2 cells and the respective contributions of each of the Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-5, IL-31, and IL-10) to AD. We conclude with a brief discussion of the current gaps in our knowledge and technical limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B. Brandt
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
| | - Umasundari Sivaprasad
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
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11
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Marsella R, Samuelson D. Unravelling the skin barrier: a new paradigm for atopic dermatitis and house dust mites. Vet Dermatol 2010; 20:533-40. [PMID: 20178491 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00809.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease caused by complex interactions between genetics and environmental factors. In human beings, impairment of the skin barrier is demonstrated and thought to be responsible for enhanced penetration of allergens and increased risk for allergic sensitization. Once inflammation is triggered, further impairment of the skin barrier occurs, leading to self-perpetuating cycles of sensitizations. Canine AD appears to share many similarities with the human counterpart, clinically and immunologically. It is hypothesized that a primary defect of skin barrier function also exists in subsets of atopic dogs (e.g. in an experimental model using high IgE-producing beagles), particularly in young dogs, and in sites predisposed to the development of lesions. This impairment is present in clinically normal skin, worsens with development of lesions and can be quantified by measurement of transepidermal water loss. Therefore, the distribution of lesions in AD may be linked to a primary skin barrier defect in those sites and not simply due to contact with allergens, and increased susceptibility to penetration of allergen may exist early in life. Ultrastructurally, transmission electron microscopy reveals that clinically normal skin in atopic dogs has abnormalities in lamellar body secretion and extracellular lamellar bilayer structure when compared with normal dogs. Development of lesions worsens these changes (e.g. widening of intercellular spaces, release of lamellar bodies, and disorganization of lipid lamellae). It is proposed that the paradigm of canine AD as primarily due to immunologic aberration ('inside/outside') should be shifted to include a primary defect in barrier function ('outside/inside').
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Marsella
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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12
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Song Y, Bae C, Woo D, Kim Y, Park T. Immunomodulatory Activity of Type-4 Resistant Starch in the Mesenteric Lymph Nodes of Rats. J Med Food 2010; 13:205-10. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youngju Song
- Lab of Sports Nutrition, Sunmoon University, Chungnam
| | - Chunho Bae
- Food and Bio Research Center, Samyang Genex, Inchon
| | - Dongho Woo
- Food and Bio Research Center, Samyang Genex, Inchon
| | - Yunjung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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El-Hashim A, Yousefi S, Edafiogho I, Raghupathy R, Yousif M, Simon HU. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of the enaminone E121. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 632:73-8. [PMID: 20006602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. The treatment of asthma is far from optimal and hence the need for novel therapeutic agents exists. The purpose of this study was to assess the anti-asthma effects of an enaminone, E121, and also its effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation and cytokine release. The effects of E121 were assessed in an ovalbumin-induced model of airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. In addition, the effects of E121 on phytohemagglutinin (PHA), anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation and cytokine release, respectively, were assessed. Treatment of mice with E121 significantly decreased the ovalbumin-induced increase in airway total cell influx and eosinophil infiltration and this was associated with an inhibition of ovalbumin-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. Moreover, E121 reduced PHA and anti-CD3-induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation in vitro. E121 also inhibited PHA, anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody and LPS-induced cytokine release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures. These findings indicate that E121 exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Hashim
- Department of Applied Therapeutics, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
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14
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Bergman R, Ramon M, Wildbaum G, Avitan-Hersh E, Mayer E, Shemer A, Karin N. Psoriasis patients generate increased serum levels of autoantibodies to tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-alpha. J Dermatol Sci 2009; 56:163-7. [PMID: 19800767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 08/25/2009] [Accepted: 08/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been shown in experimental animal models that were extended to humans that during autoimmune conditions, the immune system generates beneficial autoantibody (auto Ab) response to a limited number of inflammatory mediators that drive the pathogenesis of the disease. OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of auto Abs to cytokines and chemokines in psoriasis. METHODS Sera were obtained from patients with psoriasis (n=37), atopic dermatitis (AD) (n=18) and healthy volunteers (n=56). The titers of auto (Abs) to TNF-alpha, interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and chemokines CCL2, CCL3 and CCL5 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. Neutralizing activities of high-titer auto Abs to TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha were determined using functional in vitro assays. RESULTS Highly significant increased titers of auto Abs to TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha were detected in patients with psoriasis compared with healthy subjects and patients with AD (mean titers more than fourfold). These auto Abs demonstrated some neutralizing activity in vitro, but their serum levels did not correlate with the intensity and duration of the disease and with phototherapy induced remissions. Significantly increased titers albeit to a lesser extent, of auto Abs to CCL3 were detected in AD. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasis patients produce markedly increased levels of auto Abs to TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha which are two of the key cytokines in this disorder. The presence of these auto Abs which possess some neutralizing activity in vitro, may be an epiphenomenon or might play a role in attempting to suppress the ongoing inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bergman
- Department of Dermatology, Rambam Medical Center, Israel.
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Hartmann S, Schnoeller C, Dahten A, Avagyan A, Rausch S, Lendner M, Bocian C, Pillai S, Loddenkemper C, Lucius R, Worm M, Hamelmann E. Gastrointestinal nematode infection interferes with experimental allergic airway inflammation but not atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2009; 39:1585-96. [PMID: 19508324 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some helminth infections are negatively associated with the prevalence of allergic disorders, arguing for a modulation of allergic reactions by the parasites, depending on the worm species, intensity and phase of infection and the type of disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of a chronic infection with the gastrointestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus, in a murine model of allergic airway disease and of atopic dermatitis (AD), respectively. METHODS Mice were infected with H. polygyrus and systemically sensitized with the model allergen ovalbumin. Subsequently, the animals were challenged with the allergen either via the airways for induction of airway disease, or via skin patches for induction of dermatitis. RESULTS Mice concomitantly infected with H. polygyrus showed diminished eosinophil and lymphocyte recruitment into the lungs and decreased allergen-specific IgE levels when compared with sensitized and airway challenged controls. In addition, animals showed a trend towards reduced airway hyper-reactivity. In contrast, no significant differences in the severity of eczematous skin lesions were observed between infected and control animals in the AD model. Although H. polygyrus infection reduced CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell infiltration into the skin and production of allergen-specific IgE, mast cell recruitment was significantly increased in worm-infected mice in the dermatitis model. The worm infection was associated with significantly elevated numbers of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in peribronchial lymph nodes in H. polygyrus-infected sensitized and airway challenged mice. In contrast, Treg cells were basically absent in eczematous skin and their number was not increased in skin-draining lymph nodes of mice with experimental dermatitis. CONCLUSION Infection with the gastrointestinal nematode used in our study leads to significant inhibition of mucosa-associated but not cutaneous allergic reactions, pointing to a site specificity of the immunomodulation exerted by helminths. This finding might be an important aspect for future considerations of helminths for treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hartmann
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Genetics and epidemiology. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 8:489-93. [PMID: 18769207 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e32830f1c83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Thymosin alpha 1 provides short-term and long-term benefits in the reimplantation of avulsed teeth: a double-blind randomized control pilot study. Am J Emerg Med 2008; 26:574-7. [PMID: 18534287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2007.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the short-term and long-term effects of thymosin alpha 1 (Talpha1) on reimplantation of avulsed teeth. METHODS AND MATERIAL Seventy-three patients with avulsed teeth were double-blind randomly assigned to a control group and group that used Talpha1. The teeth were reimplanted after treatment with Talpha1 or saline. Patients were monitored for both short-term and long-term parameters. RESULTS The thymosin group demonstrated a lower interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 levels (P < .05) and higher white blood cell levels than the control group (P < .05). The thymosin group demonstrated greater periodontal healing (P < .05), less ankylosis (P < .05), less tooth movement, and greater lifetime of the replanted teeth. CONCLUSION The use of Talpha1 has both short-term and long-term beneficial effects during reimplantation of avulsed teeth.
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Jensen LB, Torp AM, Andersen SB, Skov PS, Poulsen LK, Knol EF, van Hoffen E. The biological activity of a recombinantly expressed (His)(6)-tagged peanut allergen (rAra h 1) is unaffected by endotoxin removal. J Immunol Methods 2008; 335:116-20. [PMID: 18377922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of recombinant (His)(6)-tagged proteins in cell culture assays is associated with problems due to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contamination. LPS stimulates cells of the immune system, thereby masking antigen-specific activation of T cells. Due to the affinity of LPS for histidine it is associated with difficulties to remove LPS from recombinant (His)(6)-tagged proteins. Here we describe that the Triton X-114 phase separation method can be used to remove LPS from (His)(6)-tagged proteins and that the recombinant proteins retain their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Bjerremann Jensen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Simon D, Hösli S, Kostylina G, Yawalkar N, Simon HU. Anti-CD20 (rituximab) treatment improves atopic eczema. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 121:122-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Revised: 11/14/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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