1
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Lambert KA, Clements CM, Mukherjee N, Pacheco TR, Shellman SX, Henen MA, Vögeli B, Goldstein NB, Birlea S, Hintzsche J, Caryotakis G, Tan AC, Zhao R, Norris DA, Robinson WA, Wang Y, VanTreeck JG, Shellman YG. SASH1 S519N Variant Links Skin Hyperpigmentation and Premature Hair Graying to Dysfunction of Melanocyte Lineage. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00393-2. [PMID: 38848986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
A better understanding of human melanocyte (MC) and MC stem cell biology is essential for treating MC-related diseases. This study employed an inherited pigmentation disorder carrying the SASH1S519N variant in a Hispanic family to investigate SASH1 function in the MC lineage and the underlying mechanism for this disorder. We used a multidisciplinary approach, including clinical examinations, human cell assays, yeast 2-hybrid screening, and biochemical techniques. Results linked early hair graying to the SASH1S519N variant, a previously unrecognized clinical phenotype in hyperpigmentation disorders. In vitro, we identified SASH1 as a regulator in MC stem cell maintenance and discovered that TNKS2 is crucial for SASH1's role. In addition, the S519N variant is located in one of multiple tankyrase-binding motifs and alters the binding kinetics and affinity of the interaction. In summary, this disorder links both gain and loss of pigmentation in the same individual, hinting to accelerated aging in human MC stem cells. The findings offer insights into the roles of SASH1 and TNKS2 in MC stem cell maintenance and the molecular mechanisms of pigmentation disorders. We propose that a comprehensive clinical evaluation of patients with MC-related disorders should include an assessment and history of hair pigmentation loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline A Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christopher M Clements
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nabanita Mukherjee
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Theresa R Pacheco
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Samantha X Shellman
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Morkos A Henen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Beat Vögeli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nathaniel B Goldstein
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stanca Birlea
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Gates Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Griffin Caryotakis
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - David A Norris
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - William A Robinson
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jillian G VanTreeck
- College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yiqun G Shellman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Gates Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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2
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Ungvari A, Kiss T, Gulej R, Tarantini S, Csik B, Yabluchanskiy A, Mukli P, Csiszar A, Harris ML, Ungvari Z. Irradiation-induced hair graying in mice: an experimental model to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions targeting oxidative stress, DNA damage prevention, and cellular senescence. GeroScience 2024; 46:3105-3122. [PMID: 38182857 PMCID: PMC11009199 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hair graying, also known as canities or achromotrichia, is a natural phenomenon associated with aging and is influenced by external factors such as stress, environmental toxicants, and radiation exposure. Understanding the mechanisms underlying hair graying is an ideal approach for developing interventions to prevent or reverse age-related changes in regenerative tissues. Hair graying induced by ionizing radiation (γ-rays or X-rays) has emerged as a valuable experimental model to investigate the molecular pathways involved in this process. In this review, we examine the existing evidence on radiation-induced hair graying, with a particular focus on the potential role of radiation-induced cellular senescence. We explore the current understanding of hair graying in aging, delve into the underlying mechanisms, and highlight the unique advantages of using ionizing-irradiation-induced hair graying as a research model. By elucidating the molecular pathways involved, we aim to deepen our understanding of hair graying and potentially identify novel therapeutic targets to address this age-related phenotypic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ungvari
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tamas Kiss
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network and Semmelweis University (ELKH-SE) Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Boglarka Csik
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Peter Mukli
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melissa L Harris
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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3
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Phan B, Ali AM, Black TA, Kashyap A, Niazi M, Rashid RM. Fractal Pattern in the Premature Graying of Hair: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e59994. [PMID: 38854262 PMCID: PMC11162273 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Premature graying of hair (PGH) is a multifactorial condition defined by the graying of hair before the age of 20 in Caucasians and before the age of 30 in African Americans. Although the etiology remains unknown, it has been associated with genetic predisposition, oxidative stress, nutritional deficiencies, and autoimmune diseases. Current treatment options are limited but can include anti-inflammatory medications, vitamins, and hair colorants for symptom control. In this report, we present a case of premature graying in a 32-year-old male, onset at age 15, exhibiting a distinctive fractal pattern. This case represents a unique instance of PGH characterized by an unusual pattern, necessitating further investigation into potential etiological factors and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandy Phan
- Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, USA
| | - Amna M Ali
- Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, USA
| | - Troy A Black
- Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, USA
| | - Alisha Kashyap
- Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, USA
| | - Maryam Niazi
- Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Lubbock, USA
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4
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Paus R, Sevilla A, Grichnik JM. Human Hair Graying Revisited: Principles, Misconceptions, and Key Research Frontiers. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:474-491. [PMID: 38099887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.09.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Hair graying holds psychosocial importance and serves as an excellent model for studying human pigmentation and aging in an accessible miniorgan. Current evidence suggests that graying results from an interindividually varying mixture of cumulative oxidative and DNA damage, excessive mTORC1 activity, melanocyte senescence, and inadequate production of pigmentation-promoting factors in the hair matrix. Various regulators modulate this process, including genetic factors (DNA repair defects and IRF4 sequence variation, peripheral clock genes, P-cadherin signaling, neuromediators, HGF, KIT ligand secretion, and autophagic flux. This leads to reduced MITF- and tyrosinase-controlled melanogenesis, defective melanosome transfer to precortical matrix keratinocytes, and eventual depletion of hair follicle (HF) pigmentary unit (HFPU) melanocytes and their local progenitors. Graying becomes irreversible only when bulge melanocyte stem cells are also depleted, occurring later in this process. Distinct pigmentary microenvironments are created as the HF cycles: early anagen is the most conducive phase for melanocytic reintegration and activation, and only during anagen can the phenotype of hair graying and repigmentation manifest, whereas the HFPU disassembles during catagen. The temporary reversibility of graying is highlighted by several drugs and hormones that induce repigmentation, indicating potential target pathways. We advise caution in directly applying mouse model concepts, define major open questions, and discuss future human antigraying strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Paus
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; CUTANEON - Skin & Hair Innovations, Hamburg, Germany; Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany.
| | - Alec Sevilla
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Lakeland Regional Health, Lakeland, Florida, USA
| | - James M Grichnik
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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5
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Kim B, Kim M, Choi H, Suk HJ. Brightness and hue judgment of dyed hair color. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 242:104120. [PMID: 38157751 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate human hair color perception through two empirical studies in the context of colored hair. The preliminary study was intended to establish a numerical representation of perceptually meaningful brightness levels. It identified that the brightness level was proportional to the power of 0.766 of L*. In the visual assessment, participants (N = 47) categorized 246 hair color samples into eight color hue groups aligned with the Munsell system. Hue judgment was conducted by visually comparing dyed hair tresses with natural black hair. Based on the L*, a*, and b* values of hair tresses and visual assessments thereof, we observed the ranges of hue categories for hair color alongside the brightness levels. Additionally, the differences between the Munsell hue names and the assessment results were compared. Predominantly influenced by the dark brown hair color, the neutral orientation was shifted to the first quadrant of the a*-b* plane. The study contributes to an understanding of human hair color perception and provides insights into color categorization and labeling, especially when the context is confined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Kim
- Department of Industrial Design, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Moonha Kim
- Next Beauty II, AMOREPACIFIC CORPORATION, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Choi
- Next Beauty II, AMOREPACIFIC CORPORATION, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jeong Suk
- Department of Industrial Design, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea.
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6
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Adav SS, Ng KW. Recent omics advances in hair aging biology and hair biomarkers analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102041. [PMID: 37634889 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex natural process that leads to a decline in physiological functions, which is visible in signs such as hair graying, thinning, and loss. Although hair graying is characterized by a loss of pigment in the hair shaft, the underlying mechanism of age-associated hair graying is not fully understood. Hair graying and loss can have a significant impact on an individual's self-esteem and self-confidence, potentially leading to mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. Omics technologies, which have applications beyond clinical medicine, have led to the discovery of candidate hair biomarkers and may provide insight into the complex biology of hair aging and identify targets for effective therapies. This review provides an up-to-date overview of recent omics discoveries, including age-associated alterations of proteins and metabolites in the hair shaft and follicle, and highlights the significance of hair aging and graying biomarker discoveries. The decline in hair follicle stem cell activity with aging decreased the regeneration capacity of hair follicles. Cellular senescence, oxidative damage and altered extracellular matrix of hair follicle constituents characterized hair follicle and hair shaft aging and graying. The review attempts to correlate the impact of endogenous and exogenous factors on hair aging. We close by discussing the main challenges and limitations of the field, defining major open questions and offering an outlook for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil S Adav
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore.
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7
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Wang S, Kang Y, Qi F, Jin H. Genetics of hair graying with age. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101977. [PMID: 37276979 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hair graying is an early and obvious phenotypic and physiological trait with age in humans. Several recent advances in molecular biology and genetics have increased our understanding of the mechanisms of hair graying, which elucidate genes related to the synthesis, transport, and distribution of melanin in hair follicles, as well as genes regulating these processes above. Therefore, we review these advances and examine the trends in the genetic aspects of hair graying from enrichment theory, Genome-Wide association studies, whole exome sequencing, gene expression studies, and animal models for hair graying with age, aiming to overview the changes in hair graying at the genetic level and establish the foundation for future research. Meanwhile, by summarizing the genetics, it's of great value to explore the possible mechanism, treatment, or even prevention of hair graying with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuanbo Kang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan1#, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, P.R.China
| | - Fei Qi
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hongzhong Jin
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing 100730, China.
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8
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Vaill M, Kawanishi K, Varki N, Gagneux P, Varki A. Comparative physiological anthropogeny: exploring molecular underpinnings of distinctly human phenotypes. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2171-2229. [PMID: 36603157 PMCID: PMC10151058 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00040.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthropogeny is a classic term encompassing transdisciplinary investigations of the origins of the human species. Comparative anthropogeny is a systematic comparison of humans and other living nonhuman hominids (so-called "great apes"), aiming to identify distinctly human features in health and disease, with the overall goal of explaining human origins. We begin with a historical perspective, briefly describing how the field progressed from the earliest evolutionary insights to the current emphasis on in-depth molecular and genomic investigations of "human-specific" biology and an increased appreciation for cultural impacts on human biology. While many such genetic differences between humans and other hominids have been revealed over the last two decades, this information remains insufficient to explain the most distinctive phenotypic traits distinguishing humans from other living hominids. Here we undertake a complementary approach of "comparative physiological anthropogeny," along the lines of the preclinical medical curriculum, i.e., beginning with anatomy and considering each physiological system and in each case considering genetic and molecular components that are relevant. What is ultimately needed is a systematic comparative approach at all levels from molecular to physiological to sociocultural, building networks of related information, drawing inferences, and generating testable hypotheses. The concluding section will touch on distinctive considerations in the study of human evolution, including the importance of gene-culture interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Vaill
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kunio Kawanishi
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nissi Varki
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Pascal Gagneux
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ajit Varki
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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9
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Van Wicklin SA. Hair Aging in Different Races and Ethnicities. PLASTIC AND AESTHETIC NURSING 2023; 43:56-60. [PMID: 37000994 DOI: 10.1097/psn.0000000000000495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Ann Van Wicklin
- Sharon Ann Van Wicklin, PhD, RN, CNOR, CRNFA(E), CPSN-R, PLNC, FAAN, ISPAN-F, is Editor-in-Chief, Plastic and Aesthetic Nursing , and is a Perioperative and Legal Nurse Consultant, Aurora, CO
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10
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Zhang X, Zhu J, Zhang J, Zhao H. Melanocyte stem cells and hair graying. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:1720-1723. [PMID: 36853923 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between melanocyte stem cells in the hair follicle bulge and hair graying so as to fully understand their key role in the pathogenesis of hair graying. METHODS The published articles about "hair graying, hair color, pigmentation disorders" and "melanocyte stem cells, melanocyte" were searched and analyzed in PubMed to explore their relationship. RESULTS Melanocytes in hair bulb are involved in the pathogenesis of hair graying as well as the melanocyte stem cells in hair follicle bulge also play important roles in the formation of hair graying through some ways. CONCLUSION Loss of melanocyte stem cells in hair follicle bulge is one of the main reasons of hair graying, and more researches are needed to explain the underlying mechanisms of ectopic differentiation of melanocyte stem cells in different individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiezhi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hengguang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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11
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Villani A, Ferrillo M, Fabbrocini G, Ocampo-Garza SS, Scalvenzi M, Ruggiero A. Hair Aging and Hair Disorders in Elderly Patients. Int J Trichology 2022; 14:191-196. [PMID: 37034552 PMCID: PMC10075351 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_90_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair loss in elderly patients is a common complaint. It can be related to different conditions that affect patients' quality of life and represents a challenge for dermatologists. It affects both men and women during the aging process with an estimated percentage of balding after 65 years of age of 53% and 37%, respectively. Androgenetic alopecia, frontal fibrosing alopecia, senile alopecia, and erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp are the hair diseases most frequently described in this age group. The objective of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about alopecia affecting elderly patients, differentiating between chronological hair aging signs and pathological changes, to help clinicians, offer an adequate management of these disorders to their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Villani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Ferrillo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Sofía Ocampo-Garza
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Massimiliano Scalvenzi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Ruggiero
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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12
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Modeling human gray hair by irradiation as a valuable tool to study aspects of tissue aging. GeroScience 2022; 45:1215-1230. [PMID: 35612775 PMCID: PMC9886793 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the earliest and most visible phenomenon of aging, gray hair makes it a unique model system for investigating the mechanism of aging. Ionizing radiation successfully induces gray hair in mice, and also provides a venue to establish an organ-cultured human gray hair model. To establish a suitable organ-cultured human gray HF model by IR, which imitates gray hair in the elderly, and to explore the mechanisms behind the model. By detecting growth parameters, melanotic and senescence markers of the model, we found that the model of 5 Gy accords best with features of elderly gray hair. Then, we investigated the formation mechanisms of the model by RNA-sequencing. We demonstrated that the model of organ-cultured gray HFs after 5 Gy irradiation is closest to the older gray HFs. Moreover, the 5 Gy inhibited the expression of TRP-1, Tyr, Pmel17, and MITF in hair bulbs/ORS of HFs. The 5 Gy also significantly induced ectopically pigmented melanocytes and increased the expression of DNA damage and senescence in HFs. Finally, RNA-seq analysis of the model suggested that IR resulted in cell DNA damage, and the accumulation of oxidative stress in the keratinocytes. Oxidative stress and DNA damage caused cell dysfunction and decreased melanin synthesis in the gray HFs. We found that HFs irradiated at 5 Gy successfully constructed an appropriate aging HF model. This may provide a useful model for cost-effective and predictable treatment strategies to human hair graying and the process of aging.
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Taguchi N, Kitai R, Ando T, Nishimura T, Aoki H, Kunisada T. Protective effect of hydroxygenkwanin against hair graying induced by X-ray irradiation and repetitive plucking. JID INNOVATIONS 2022; 2:100121. [PMID: 35812723 PMCID: PMC9256660 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2022.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair graying in mice is caused by various injuries such as X-ray radiation and repeated plucking that ultimately damage melanocytes and their stem cells (melanocyte stem cells). In X-ray‒induced hair graying, injuries first manifest as a loss-of-niche function of hair follicular keratinocyte stem cells to maintain melanocyte stem cells. Thus, we hypothesized that hair follicular keratinocyte stem cells could be a practical target to prevent hair graying. In this study, we investigated the in vivo effect of the flavonoid hydroxygenkwanin, which has been shown to exert the best protection on human epidermal keratinocytes against in vitro X-ray‒induced cytological effects, using X-ray‒induced and repeated hair plucking‒induced hair graying mice models. We found that hydroxygenkwanin exerted a remarkable effect in preventing hair graying; however, when receptor Y kinase Kit-mutant mice were used, no prevention effect was observed. Therefore, we propose that Kit signaling might be involved in the hydroxygenkwanin-induced protective effect against hair graying.
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14
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Chandran S, Simon S, George A. A clinical study of premature canities and its association with hemoglobin, ferritin and calcium levels. Indian J Dermatol 2022; 67:216-221. [PMID: 36386090 PMCID: PMC9644779 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_642_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Greying of hair is a regular feature of chronological aging that occurs in all regions and races. Premature canities is defined as minimum of five grey hairs in a person less than 20 years in Whites, 25 years in Asians, and 30 years in Africans. Premature canities is a common yet incompletely understood dermatological entity. This study aims at finding any association between premature hair greying (PHG) and parameters like hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin and calcium levels as well as its clinical profile. Methodology: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Trivandrum over one and half years. The study population consisted of 40 cases and 40 controls. Severity assessment, calculation of body mass index, and estimation of hemoglobin, serum ferritin, calcium, Random blood sugar, Anti Thyroid Peroxidase antibody, T3, T4, and TSH were done. Results: The mean age of the 40 patients was 17.14 years and most patients had onset of greying between 16 and 20 years. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1. A positive family history with a paternal predominance was noted. Vertex was the most common site of onset (42.5%), diffuse pattern was the most common clinical pattern (47.5%) and 60% had involvement of mild grade. Fourteen patients (35%) had abnormal investigations reports, in terms of low ferritin levels in 7 (17.5%), low calcium in 4 (10%) and a low Hb levels in 3 (7.5%) patients. Six (15%) patients had raised Anti TPO values. The association of PHG with low ferritin and raised anti-TPO levels were statistically significant. Conclusion: Low serum ferritin and raised Anti TPO levels may have a role in premature hair greying.
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15
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Bouska MJ, Bai H. Loxl2 is a mediator of cardiac aging in Drosophila melanogaster; genetically examining the role of aging clock genes. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 12:6420708. [PMID: 34734976 PMCID: PMC8727986 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptomic, proteomic, and methylation aging clocks demonstrate that aging has a predictable preset program, while Transcriptome Trajectory Turning Points indicate that the 20 to 40 age range in humans is the likely stage at which the progressive loss of homeostatic control, and in turn aging, begins to have detrimental effects. Turning points in this age range overlapping with human aging clock genes revealed five candidates that we hypothesized could play a role in aging or age-related physiological decline. To examine these gene's effects on lifespan and health-span, we utilized whole body and heart specific gene knockdown of human orthologs in Drosophila melanogaster. Whole body Loxl2, fz3, and Glo1 RNAi positively affected lifespan as did heart-specific Loxl2 knockdown. Loxl2 inhibition concurrently reduced age-related cardiac arrythmia and collagen (Pericardin) fiber width. Loxl2 binds several transcription factors in humans and RT-qPCR confirmed that a conserved transcriptional target CDH1 (Drosophila CadN2), has expression levels which correlate with Loxl2 reduction in Drosophila. These results point to conserved pathways and multiple mechanisms by which inhibition of Loxl2 can be beneficial to heart health and organismal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Bouska
- Department of Genetics, Development, & Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, & Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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16
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Rosenberg AM, Rausser S, Ren J, Mosharov EV, Sturm G, Ogden RT, Patel P, Kumar Soni R, Lacefield C, Tobin DJ, Paus R, Picard M. Quantitative mapping of human hair greying and reversal in relation to life stress. eLife 2021; 10:67437. [PMID: 34155974 PMCID: PMC8219384 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hair greying is a hallmark of aging generally believed to be irreversible and linked to psychological stress. Methods: Here, we develop an approach to profile hair pigmentation patterns (HPPs) along individual human hair shafts, producing quantifiable physical timescales of rapid greying transitions. Results: Using this method, we show white/grey hairs that naturally regain pigmentation across sex, ethnicities, ages, and body regions, thereby quantitatively defining the reversibility of greying in humans. Molecularly, grey hairs upregulate proteins related to energy metabolism, mitochondria, and antioxidant defenses. Combining HPP profiling and proteomics on single hairs, we also report hair greying and reversal that can occur in parallel with psychological stressors. To generalize these observations, we develop a computational simulation, which suggests a threshold-based mechanism for the temporary reversibility of greying. Conclusions: Overall, this new method to quantitatively map recent life history in HPPs provides an opportunity to longitudinally examine the influence of recent life exposures on human biology. Funding: This work was supported by the Wharton Fund and NIH grants GM119793, MH119336, and AG066828 (MP). Hair greying is a visible sign of aging that affects everyone. The loss of hair color is due to the loss of melanin, a pigment found in the skin, eyes and hair. Research in mice suggests stress may accelerate hair greying, but there is no definitive research on this in humans. This is because there are no research tools to precisely map stress and hair color over time. But, just like tree rings hold information about past decades, and rocks hold information about past centuries, hairs hold information about past months and years. Hair growth is an active process that happens under the skin inside hair follicles. It demands lots of energy, supplied by structures inside cells called mitochondria. While hairs are growing, cells receive chemical and electrical signals from inside the body, including stress hormones. It is possible that these exposures change proteins and other molecules laid down in the growing hair shaft. As the hair grows out of the scalp, it hardens, preserving these molecules into a stable form. This preservation is visible as patterns of pigmentation. Examining single-hairs and matching the patterns to life events could allow researchers to look back in time through a person’s biological history. Rosenberg et al. report a new way to digitize and measure small changes in color along single human hairs. This method revealed that some white hairs naturally regain their color, something that had not been reported in a cohort of healthy individuals before. Aligning the hair pigmentation patterns with recent reports of stress in the hair donors’ lives showed striking associations. When one donor reported an increase in stress, a hair lost its pigment. When the donor reported a reduction in stress, the same hair regained its pigment. Rosenberg et al. mapped hundreds of proteins inside the hairs to show that white hairs contained more proteins linked to mitochondria and energy use. This suggests that metabolism and mitochondria may play a role in hair greying. To explore these observations in more detail Rosenberg et al. developed a mathematical model that simulates the greying of a whole head of hair over a lifetime, an experiment impossible to do with living people. The model suggested that there might be a threshold for temporary greying; if hairs are about to go grey anyway, a stressful event might trigger that change earlier. And when the stressful event ends, if a hair is just above the threshold, then it could revert back to dark. The new method for measuring small changes in hair coloring opens up the possibility of using hair pigmentation patterns like tree rings. This could track the influence of past life events on human biology. In the future, monitoring hair pigmentation patterns could provide a way to trace the effectiveness of treatments aimed at reducing stress or slowing the aging process. Understanding how ‘old’ white hairs regain their ‘young’ pigmented state could also reveal new information about the malleability of human aging more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet M Rosenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Shannon Rausser
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Junting Ren
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Eugene V Mosharov
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United States
| | - Gabriel Sturm
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - R Todd Ogden
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Purvi Patel
- Proteomics and Macromolecular Crystallography Shared Resource, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Rajesh Kumar Soni
- Proteomics and Macromolecular Crystallography Shared Resource, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Clay Lacefield
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United States
| | - Desmond J Tobin
- UCD Charles Institute of Dermatology & UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ralf Paus
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, United States.,Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United States.,Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
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Anggraini DR, Feriyawati L, Sitorus MS, Daulay M. Biomarker of Oxidative Stress in Premature Hair Graying at Young Age. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gray hair is a physiological process of aging that occurs in everyone. Premature hair graying (PHG) is the term when early hair gray at an unusual age. The causes of PHG are multifactorial, genetic, nutritional, and environmental, including oxidative stress. Free radicals caused interference with cellular responses that cause direct damage to various proteins and DNA in the long term. The body’s defense mechanisms likely antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was activated against free radicals.
AIM: We aimed to evaluate markers of oxidative stress and associated with severe graying at young age.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited consecutive 40 respondents with PHG and healthy controls, male sex and aged <25 years. The severe graying was graded with total of gray hair. The serum samples were collected to detect oxidative stress markers through malondialdehyde (MDA), SOD, catalase, and GPx measurement with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS: Serum MDA concentration was higher but not significantly (p > 0.05), while serum SOD, catalase, and GPx level, indicators of antioxidant were significantly lower (p < 0.001, p = 0.017 and p < 0.001, respectively) in PHG compared to controls. The correlation between oxidative stress and graying severity was not significant (p > 0.05), but the association between onset and severity of graying was significant (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Respondents with PHG had increased of pro-oxidants and decreased of antioxidants compared than controls. The severity of graying is equivalent to the level of oxidative stress. The supplement of antioxidants is likely recommended in PHG.
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18
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Nath B, Gupta V, Kumari R. A Community Based Study to Estimate Prevalence and Determine Correlates of Premature Graying of Hair among Young Adults in Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India. Int J Trichology 2021; 12:206-212. [PMID: 33531742 PMCID: PMC7832169 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_28_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are several ways by which aging is identified, of which graying of hair is perhaps the most common way. Nowadays, graying of hairs, which was expected to occur after 40s, can be easily observed among younger age group, even before 20s. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of graying of hairs and its correlates among young adults in Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India. Methodology A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 young adults between 15 and 30-year age group in the urban area of Srinagar tehsil of Pauri district. Graying of hair was assessed on the basis of the number of white hairs on examination of scalp. Results The prevalence of premature graying of hairs (PMGHs) was found to be 27.3%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that a paternal history of PMGH, history of smoking, maternal history of PMGH, sunlight exposure, and body mass index were significant predictors of PMGH. Limitations The factors found associated could be better determined through a follow-up study which could not be done in the current study. The present study was carried in a tehsil of one district of Uttarakhand therefore has limited external validity. Conclusion The present study highlights the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle as well as adequate exposure to sunlight in preventing PMGH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhola Nath
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ranjeeta Kumari
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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19
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El-Husseiny R, Alrgig NT, Abdel Fattah NSA. Epidemiological and biochemical factors (serum ferritin and vitamin D) associated with premature hair graying in Egyptian population. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:1860-1866. [PMID: 33001544 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of premature hair graying (PHG) remains incompletely understood with limited treatment options, although has profound impacts on patient's quality of life. AIMS To assess demographic and clinical profiles of Egyptian PHG patients and explore association of various epidemiological risk factors and serum vitamin D and ferritin levels with PHG. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three hundred PHG patients and equal number of controls, aged <30 years, were included. Assessment of epidemiological and clinical characteristics, biometric data and stress perception using perceived stress scale (PSS-10) was done, with measurement of serum vitamin D and ferritin levels for all subjects. PHG was graded into mild, moderate, and severe if <10, 10-100, and >100 gray hairs, respectively. Statistical significance for various compared parameters was done employing suitable tests, with P-value ≤ .05 considered significant. RESULTS Results reported significant positive relation of PHG with family history, sedentary life style, and stress (P = .001, .029, and .001, respectively), while no significant relation with smoking, body mass index, or frequent hair dyes use (>3 per year) (P = .425, .5, and .65, respectively). No significant difference was found in mean vitamin D between patients and controls (23.79 ± 13.01 ng/mL vs 24.85 ± 13.19 ng/mL, P = .701), while low serum ferritin (<20 ng/mL) was significantly associated with PHG (14.7 % patients vs 2.7% controls, P = .017). CONCLUSION PHG in Egyptian population is significantly associated with positive family history, stress, sedentary life style, and low serum ferritin level, while role of vitamin D deficiency should be further evaluated.
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20
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O'Sullivan JDB, Nicu C, Picard M, Chéret J, Bedogni B, Tobin DJ, Paus R. The biology of human hair greying. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 96:107-128. [PMID: 32965076 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hair greying (canities) is one of the earliest, most visible ageing-associated phenomena, whose modulation by genetic, psychoemotional, oxidative, senescence-associated, metabolic and nutritional factors has long attracted skin biologists, dermatologists, and industry. Greying is of profound psychological and commercial relevance in increasingly ageing populations. In addition, the onset and perpetuation of defective melanin production in the human anagen hair follicle pigmentary unit (HFPU) provides a superb model for interrogating the molecular mechanisms of ageing in a complex human mini-organ, and greying-associated defects in bulge melanocyte stem cells (MSCs) represent an intriguing system of neural crest-derived stem cell senescence. Here, we emphasize that human greying invariably begins with the gradual decline in melanogenesis, including reduced tyrosinase activity, defective melanosome transfer and apoptosis of HFPU melanocytes, and is thus a primary event of the anagen hair bulb, not the bulge. Eventually, the bulge MSC pool becomes depleted as well, at which stage greying becomes largely irreversible. There is still no universally accepted model of human hair greying, and the extent of genetic contributions to greying remains unclear. However, oxidative damage likely is a crucial driver of greying via its disruption of HFPU melanocyte survival, MSC maintenance, and of the enzymatic apparatus of melanogenesis itself. While neuroendocrine factors [e.g. alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), ß-endorphin, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)], and micropthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) are well-known regulators of human hair follicle melanocytes and melanogenesis, how exactly these and other factors [e.g. thyroid hormones, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), P-cadherin, peripheral clock activity] modulate greying requires more detailed study. Other important open questions include how HFPU melanocytes age intrinsically, how psychoemotional stress impacts this process, and how current insights into the gerontobiology of the human HFPU can best be translated into retardation or reversal of greying.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D B O'Sullivan
- Dr. Philip Frost Department for Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, 33136, U.S.A
| | - Carina Nicu
- Dr. Philip Frost Department for Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, 33136, U.S.A
| | - Martin Picard
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, PH1540N, New York, 10032, U.S.A
| | - Jérémy Chéret
- Dr. Philip Frost Department for Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, 33136, U.S.A
| | - Barbara Bedogni
- Dr. Philip Frost Department for Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, 33136, U.S.A
| | - Desmond J Tobin
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ralf Paus
- Dr. Philip Frost Department for Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, 33136, U.S.A.,Monasterium Laboratory, Skin & Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, D-48149, Germany.,Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K
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21
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Pośpiech E, Kukla-Bartoszek M, Karłowska-Pik J, Zieliński P, Woźniak A, Boroń M, Dąbrowski M, Zubańska M, Jarosz A, Grzybowski T, Płoski R, Spólnicka M, Branicki W. Exploring the possibility of predicting human head hair greying from DNA using whole-exome and targeted NGS data. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:538. [PMID: 32758128 PMCID: PMC7430834 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greying of the hair is an obvious sign of human aging. In addition to age, sex- and ancestry-specific patterns of hair greying are also observed and the progression of greying may be affected by environmental factors. However, little is known about the genetic control of this process. This study aimed to assess the potential of genetic data to predict hair greying in a population of nearly 1000 individuals from Poland. RESULTS The study involved whole-exome sequencing followed by targeted analysis of 378 exome-wide and literature-based selected SNPs. For the selection of predictors, the minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMRe) method was used, and then two prediction models were developed. The models included age, sex and 13 unique SNPs. Two SNPs of the highest mRMRe score included whole-exome identified KIF1A rs59733750 and previously linked with hair loss FGF5 rs7680591. The model for greying vs. no greying prediction achieved accuracy of cross-validated AUC = 0.873. In the 3-grade classification cross-validated AUC equalled 0.864 for no greying, 0.791 for mild greying and 0.875 for severe greying. Although these values present fairly accurate prediction, most of the prediction information was brought by age alone. Genetic variants explained < 10% of hair greying variation and the impact of particular SNPs on prediction accuracy was found to be small. CONCLUSIONS The rate of changes in human progressive traits shows inter-individual variation, therefore they are perceived as biomarkers of the biological age of the organism. The knowledge on the mechanisms underlying phenotypic aging can be of special interest to the medicine, cosmetics industry and forensics. Our study improves the knowledge on the genetics underlying hair greying processes, presents prototype models for prediction and proves hair greying being genetically a very complex trait. Finally, we propose a four-step approach based on genetic and epigenetic data analysis allowing for i) sex determination; ii) genetic ancestry inference; iii) greying-associated SNPs assignment and iv) epigenetic age estimation, all needed for a final prediction of greying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Pośpiech
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Kukla-Bartoszek
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Karłowska-Pik
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Piotr Zieliński
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Woźniak
- Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Boroń
- Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zubańska
- Faculty of Law and Administration, Department of Criminology and Forensic Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agata Jarosz
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Grzybowski
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Collegium Medicum of the Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Mahendiratta S, Sarma P, Kaur H, Kaur S, Kaur H, Bansal S, Prasad D, Prajapat M, Upadhay S, Kumar S, Kumar H, Singh R, Singh A, Mishra A, Prakash A, Medhi B. Premature graying of hair: Risk factors, co-morbid conditions, pharmacotherapy and reversal-A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13990. [PMID: 32654282 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Premature graying of hair (PGH) being a very common entity for which pharmacotherapy and reversibility are not properly addressed. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to address these issues. For this relevant study were selected from various databases including PubMed, EMBASE, OVID, Web of science, Scopus, and Google Scholar till January 20, 2019. Studies which reported risk factors, co-morbid conditions associated with PGH, its pharmacotherapy and reversal were included in the study. Although many risk factors are reported in literature, smoking, vitamin deficiency (B12, folic acid, and B7), mineral deficiency (low serum calcium and serum ferritin) are found to be associated with PGH. Other important risk factors are family history of PGH, obesity, high B.P, lack of exercise, drugs, genetic syndromes, dyslipidemia, thyroid disorders, hyperuricemia, and alteration in liver function. PGH is found to be an important marker of CAD, more so in case of smoker. Among different pharmacotherapeutic management options, low grade recommendation (2A) is given to calcium pantothenate, PABA, calcium pantothenate + PABA combination. Anu-tailam is the only herbal agent evaluated in clinical research settings. Finally, treating the accompanying pathologies led to the reversal of the disease in many cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saniya Mahendiratta
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Phulen Sarma
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Hardeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Harpinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER, Mohali, India
| | - Seema Bansal
- Department of Pharmacology, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Davinder Prasad
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manisha Prajapat
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sujata Upadhay
- Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harish Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Abhishek Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Prakash
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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23
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Hennekam RCM. The external phenotype of aging. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103995. [PMID: 32726674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is widely studied as a physiological process. Segmental aging can also occur prematurely in Mendelian disorders, and these can act this way as excellent sources of information, specifically for the underlying mechanisms. Adequate recognition of such aging characteristics in Mendelian disorders needs a well-defined phenotype of aging. Here the external phenotype of aging is described that can be recognized in the consulting room without major additional studies. Existing definitions of the signs and symptoms in Elements of Morphology or Human Phenotype Ontology are added or a new definition is suggested if none is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Paediatrics, Room H7-236, Amsterdam UMC - location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Anderson ZT, Palmer JW, Idris MI, Villavicencio KM, Le G, Cowart J, Weinstein DE, Harris ML. Topical RT1640 treatment effectively reverses gray hair and stem cell loss in a mouse model of radiation‐induced canities. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 34:89-100. [DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoya T. Anderson
- Department of Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA
| | - Joseph W. Palmer
- Department of Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA
| | - Misgana I. Idris
- Department of Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA
| | | | - Giang Le
- Department of Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA
| | - Jaelyn Cowart
- Department of Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA
| | | | - Melissa L. Harris
- Department of Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA
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25
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Tapanes E, Anestis S, Kamilar JM, Bradley BJ. Does facial hair greying in chimpanzees provide a salient progressive cue of aging? PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235610. [PMID: 32663207 PMCID: PMC7360037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The greying of human head hair is arguably the most salient marker of human aging. In wild mammal populations, greying can change with life history or environmental factors (e.g., sexual maturity in silverback gorillas). Yet, whether humans are unique in our pattern of age-related hair depigmentation is unclear. We examined the relationship between pigmentation loss in facial hair (greying) to age, population, and sex in wild and captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Digital facial photographs representing three chimpanzee populations (N = 145; ages 1–60 years) were scored for hair greying on a scale of one [~100% pigmented] to six [~0% pigmented]. Our data suggest that chimpanzee head and facial hair generally greys with age prior to mid-life (~30 years old), but afterwards, greying ceases to increase incrementally. Our results highlight that chimpanzee pigmentation likely exhibits substantial variation between populations, and that both 'grey' and pigmented phenotypes exist across various age classes. Thus, chimpanzee facial hair greying is unlikely a progressive indicator of age beyond mid-life, and thus facial greying in chimpanzees seems different from the pattern observed in humans. Whether this reflects neutral differences in senescence, or potential differences in selection pressures (e.g. related to conspecific communication), is unclear and worthy of more detailed examination across populations and taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Tapanes
- Department of Anthropology, Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Stephanie Anestis
- Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Jason M. Kamilar
- Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Brenda J. Bradley
- Department of Anthropology, Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
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26
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Taguchi N, Hata T, Kamiya E, Homma T, Kobayashi A, Aoki H, Kunisada T. Eriodictyon angustifolium extract, but not Eriodictyon californicum extract, reduces human hair greying. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 42:336-345. [PMID: 32324292 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Yerba Santa (Eriodictyon angustifolium and Eriodictyon californicum) has been used for many years in traditional medicine. However, the effect of Yerba Santa on melanogenesis has not yet been investigated. We aimed to assess the biological effects of Yerba Santa on hair pigmentation. METHODS Yerba Santa extracts were assessed for their cytological effects following X-ray irradiation treatment and then tested directly for the prevention of human hair greying. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was utilized to identify the individual extract components. RESULTS Eriodictyon angustifolium extract significantly increased melanin synthesis in the melanoma cell line through activation of the WNT/MITF/tyrosinase-signalling pathway. In contrast, E. californicum had no effect on melanin synthesis. E. angustifolium extract also demonstrated a protective effect against the damage induced by X-ray irradiation in human keratinocytes. Application of the extracts to subjects who had grey beards demonstrated a reduced number of grey beard hair per year specifically with the E. angustifolium extract. A significant decrease in grey head hair was also observed after application of E. angustifolium extract. Upregulation of gene expression related to melanin production and WNT signalling was observed after the application of E. angustifolium extract. Sterubin was the most abundant flavonoid detected by UPLC in E. angustifolium extract. In addition, sterubin showed the highest difference in terms of quantity, between E. angustifolium and E. californicum extract. CONCLUSION Eriodictyon angustifolium extract, which is abundant in sterubin, may be suitable as a potential cosmetic and medical agent for the prevention and improvement of hair greying.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Taguchi
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan.,Department of Tissue and Organ Development, Regeneration and Advanced Medical Science, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 5011194, Japan
| | - T Hata
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan
| | - E Kamiya
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan
| | - T Homma
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan
| | - A Kobayashi
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan
| | - H Aoki
- Department of Tissue and Organ Development, Regeneration and Advanced Medical Science, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 5011194, Japan
| | - T Kunisada
- Department of Tissue and Organ Development, Regeneration and Advanced Medical Science, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 5011194, Japan
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27
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Acer E, Arslantaş D, Emiral GÖ, Ünsal A, Atalay BI, Göktaş S. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics and associated factors of hair graying: a population-based, cross-sectional study in Turkey. An Bras Dermatol 2020; 95:439-446. [PMID: 32265054 PMCID: PMC7335883 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hair graying is common in humans; but there is scarce data about its epidemiology. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and associated factors of hair graying. Methods A total of 1541 volunteers between 15 and 65 years old were included in this population-based, cross-sectional study. A questionnaire on characteristics and associated factors of hair graying was filled in by face-to-face interview method. Results One thousand sixty three participants (69.0%) had hair graying. The mean onset age of hair graying was 32.9 ± 9.8 years. It was 31.7 ± 9.5 years in females, whereas 33.7 ± 10.0 years in males (p = 0.001). The most common involved area of hair graying at the onset and at the time of the interview was temporal region. When it was evaluated by gender, it was temporal in males whereas parietal in females. Hair graying was more severe in males than in females and in late-onset hair graying than early-onset hair graying (respectively, p = 0.000, p < 0.001). The most common involved area at the onset and at the present was temporal in severe hair graying; whereas parietal in mild hair graying. In logistic regression analysis, age, educational status, presence of hair loss, skin type, family history of early-onset hair graying and anxiety were independently related to hair graying (p < 0.05). Study limitations The study was performed in only Turkish individuals. The recall biases were another limitations. Conclusion Male gender, late-onset and temporal-onset of hair graying may be considered to be poor prognostic factors for hair graying. There is need for further epidemiological studies in people with different ethnic origin to illuminate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and associated factors of hair graying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersoy Acer
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
| | - Didem Arslantaş
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Gülsüm Öztürk Emiral
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Alaattin Ünsal
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Işıktekin Atalay
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Saniye Göktaş
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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28
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Yale K, Juhasz M, Atanaskova Mesinkovska N. Medication-Induced Repigmentation of Gray Hair: A Systematic Review. Skin Appendage Disord 2019; 6:1-10. [PMID: 32021854 DOI: 10.1159/000504414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair graying is a common sign of aging resulting from complex regulation of melanogenesis. Currently, there is no medical treatment available for hair repigmentation. In this article we review the literature on medication-induced hair repigmentation, discuss the potential mechanisms of action, and review the quality of the literary data. To date, there have been 27 studies discussing medication-induced gray hair repigmentation, including 6 articles on gray hair repigmentation as a primary objective, notably with psoralen treatment or vitamin supplementation, and 21 reports on medication-induced gray hair repigmentation as an incidental finding. Medications noted in the literature include anti-inflammatory medications (thalidomide, lenalidomide, adalimumab, acitretin, etretinate, prednisone, cyclosporin, cisplatinum, interferon-α, and psoralen), stimulators of melanogenesis (latanoprost, erlotinib, imatinib, tamoxifen, and levodopa), vitamins (calcium pantothenate and para-amino benzoic acid), a medication that accumulates in tissues (clofazimine), and a medication with an undetermined mechanism (captopril). Diffuse repigmentation of gray hair can be induced by certain medications that inhibit inflammation or stimulate melanogenesis. There is also low-quality evidence that some vitamin B complex supplementation can promote gray hair darkening. While these compounds are not currently indicated for the treatment of gray hair, their mechanisms shed light on targets for future medications for hair repigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Yale
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Margit Juhasz
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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29
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Kaur K, Kaur R, Bala I. Therapeutics of premature hair graying: A long journey ahead. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:1206-1214. [PMID: 31115162 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Premature graying of hair has major psychosocial and socioeconomic repercussion, as it is considered as a sign of hastily progressing old age, ill health and often leads to loss of self-esteem. Hair is said to gray prematurely when it happens before the age of 20 years in Caucasians, 25 years in Asians, and 30 years in Africans. The hair color chiefly depends on melanin pigment, and fabrication of this pigment takes place in melanosomes through the process of melanogenesis. This complex biochemical pathway (melanogenesis) is further dependent on tyrosinase which acts as fuel.The normal human scalp is subjected to various factors categorized as intrinsic and extrinsic leading to graying of hair. Intrinsic factors comprise of variants responsible for changes at genetic level while extrinsic factors include air pollution, ultraviolet radiation, smoking, and nutrition. It has been proposed that direct or indirect effect of all these factors results in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus leading to further damage. Though research has expanded in last few years in terms of microscopic, biochemical (hormonal, enzymatic), and molecular changes happening within hair follicle/shaft, still the exact mechanism leading to premature graying of hair is not well understood. Probable solutions toward this quandary are diet, herbal remedies, and temporary hair colorants. Ironically, the latter one being the most common has various side effects such as allergic reactions, inflammation, and hair loss. The aim of this paper was to review the manifestation and probable future interventions in preventing premature hair graying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiranjeet Kaur
- Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Rajveer Kaur
- Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Indu Bala
- Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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30
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Kiafar B, Taheri A, Isaac Hashemy S, Saki A, Mahdeianfar B, Taghavi F, Vahabi-Amlashi S. Serum levels of lead and selenium in patients with premature graying of the hair. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:1513-1516. [PMID: 31556475 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exact etiology of premature hair graying (PHG) remains unknown; however, oxidative stress is shown to be involved. Selenium, as an antioxidant, is widely known for its antiaging potentials. Moreover, PGH is more prevalent among addicts and because Lead is a common impurity found in illegal drug. AIMS We evaluated the serum levels of lead and selenium in patients with PHG and compared it with a control group. PATIENTS/METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients referred to Dermatology Clinic of Imam-Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Iran in 2015 were evaluated in two groups with and without PHG. Demographic information and disease characteristics, skin phenotype, and family history of PHG were recorded. Furthermore, 5 mL of brachial blood was drawn for measuring selenium and lead levels. RESULTS The mean patients' age was 28.1 ± 4.8 years. Age, sex, occupation, and skin phenotype in individuals with and without PHG were not significantly different (P > .05) but family history of PHG was significantly higher in the patients with PHG (P = .001). Similarly, the number of white hairs was significantly higher (P < .001), and the age of onset of hair graying was significantly lower in patients with PHG (P < .001). Serum levels of selenium and lead were not significantly different between two groups (P < .05). However, the serum levels of lead in the patients with PHG were slightly higher. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in lead and selenium serum levels in patients with and without PHG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Kiafar
- Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Taheri
- Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azadeh Saki
- Research Center for Social Factors Affecting Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Taghavi
- Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sadegh Vahabi-Amlashi
- Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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31
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Bian Y, Wei G, Song X, Yuan L, Chen H, Ni T, Lu D. Global downregulation of pigmentation-associated genes in human premature hair graying. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1155-1163. [PMID: 31316609 PMCID: PMC6601371 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature hair graying, or canities, is a complex multi-factorial process with negative effects on affected individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible underlying mechanisms of premature hair graying at the genetic level. A total of 5 unrelated Han Chinese individuals presenting with premature hair graying (25–40 years old, with >1% hair affected) were enrolled in the present study. RNA sequencing was performed to identify gene expression changes between the follicular cells of grey and black hair from the cohort. A total of 127 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. These DEGs were overrepresented in categories associated with the pigmentation pathway, with a decreased expression of key genes responsible for melanin synthesis. Of note, the decreased expression of certain transcription factors and the increased expression of certain precursor microRNAs observed may explain for the downregulation of certain other DEGs, which were identified as their targets via Starbase v2 and Integrated Motif Activity Response Analysis. The DEGs were also enriched in terms associated with the nervous system, indicating that neural disturbances may also have certain roles in premature hair graying. Of note, five of the downregulated DEGs were associated with aging according to the JenAge Aging Factor Database. To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first genome-wide survey of the gene expression profile associated with premature hair graying. Dysfunction of the melanin biosynthesis pathway is probably the direct cause of hair graying and the present results provide valuable clues for further functional and mechanistic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmeng Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Ting Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
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32
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Preclinical signs of Parkinson's disease: A possible association of Parkinson's disease with skin and hair features. Med Hypotheses 2019; 127:100-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Hiramoto K, Yamate Y, Takishita Y, Sato EF. The Role of gp91phox and the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Hair Color in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112665. [PMID: 31151207 PMCID: PMC6600564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We observed that on long-term breeding, gp91phox-knockout (gp91phox−/−) mice developed white hair. Here, we investigate the origin of this hitherto unexplained phenomenon. Moreover, we investigated the effect of tranexamic acid administration on the hair color in gp91phox−/− mice. We administered tranexamic acid (about 12 mg/kg/day) orally to 9-week-old C57BL/6j (control) and gp91phox−/− mice, thrice a week for 12 months. Compared to control mice, gp91phox−/− mice showed more white hair. However, the concentrations of reactive oxygen species and the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in the skin were lower than those in the control group. Furthermore, increase in white hair was observed in the control mice upon administration of the IL-1β antagonist. On the other hand, administration of tranexamic acid led to brown colored hair on gp91phox−/− mice. Although tranexamic acid treatment did not alter the expression levels of melanocortin receptor 1 and agouti signaling protein on hair follicles, it increased the expression of mahogunin ring finger protein 1 (MGRN1) and collagen XVII. These results suggested that retention of black hair requires the gp91phox/ROS/IL-1β/TGF-β pathway and that elevated levels of MGRN1 and collagen XVII lead to brown hair in gp91phox−/− mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hiramoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka Mie 513-8670, Japan.
| | - Yurika Yamate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka Mie 513-8670, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Takishita
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka Mie 513-8670, Japan.
| | - Eisuke F Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka Mie 513-8670, Japan.
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34
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Fernandez-Flores A, Saeb-Lima M, Cassarino DS. Histopathology of aging of the hair follicle. J Cutan Pathol 2019; 46:508-519. [PMID: 30932205 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hair follicles experience several changes with aging, the most noticeable of which is graying of the hair shaft due to loss of melanin. Additional changes in the diameter and length of the hair have contributed to the concept of senescent alopecia, which is different from androgenetic alopecia according to most. Graying happens in most individuals, although in different grades and starting at different ages. It is related to a decrease in the number and activity of the melanocytes of the hair bulb, which eventually completely disappear from the bulb of the white hair. Residual non-active melanocytes remain in the outer root sheath and in the bulge, which allows for repigmentation of the hair under certain stimuli or conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Fernandez-Flores
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Hospital El Bierzo, Ponferrada, Spain.,Department of the CellCOM-SB Research Group, Biomedical Investigation Institute of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.,Department of Cellular Pathology, Hospital de la Reina, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - Marcela Saeb-Lima
- Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Dermatopathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David S Cassarino
- Department of Pathology, Los Angeles Medical Center (LAMC), Southern California Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, California
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35
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Identification of Gene Variants Associated with Melanocyte Stem Cell Differentiation in Mice Predisposed for Hair Graying. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2019; 9:817-827. [PMID: 30651286 PMCID: PMC6404613 DOI: 10.1534/g3.118.200965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Age-related hair graying is caused by malfunction in the regenerative potential of the adult pigmentation system. The retention of hair color over the life of an organism is dependent on the ability of the melanocyte stem cells and their progeny to produce pigment each time a new hair grows. Age-related hair graying is variable in association with genetic background suggesting that quantitative trait loci influencing this trait can be identified. Identification of these quantitative trait loci may lead to the discovery of novel and interesting genes involved in stem cell biology and/or melanogenesis. With this in mind we developed previously a sensitized, mouse modifier screen and discovered that the DBA/1J background is particularly resistant to melanocyte stem cell differentiation in comparison to the C57BL/6J background. Melanocyte stem cell differentiation generally precedes hair graying and is observed in melanocyte stem cells with age. Using quantitative trait loci analysis, we have now identified three quantitative trait loci on mouse chromosomes 7, 13, and X that are associated with DBA/1J-mediated variability in melanocyte stem cell differentiation. Taking advantage of publicly-available mouse sequence and variant data, in silico protein prediction programs, and whole genome gene expression results we describe a short list of potential candidate genes that we anticipate to be involved in melanocyte stem cell biology in mice.
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Triwongwaranat D, Thuangtong R, Arunkajohnsak S. A review of the etiologies, clinical characteristics, and treatment of canities. Int J Dermatol 2019; 58:659-666. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daranporn Triwongwaranat
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Rattapon Thuangtong
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Sittiroj Arunkajohnsak
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
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Acer E, Kaya Erdoğan H, İğrek A, Parlak H, Saraçoğlu ZN, Bilgin M. Relationship between diet, atopy, family history, and premature hair graying. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018; 18:665-670. [PMID: 30556257 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM Premature hair graying (PHG) is commonly observed in society, but there are a few studies evaluating risk factors associated with PHG. We aimed to evaluate the socio-clinical risk factors associated with PHG in this study. METHODS A total of 1192 volunteers between 18 and 20 years old were included in this cross-sectional study. Volunteers were asked to fill in a questionnaire on socio-clinical risk factors associated with PHG such as smoking, alcohol consumption, diet preference, atopy history, and family history of PHG and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). RESULTS Three hundred and seventy-seven (31.6%) of the 1192 volunteers had PHG. Vegetarian diet preference, atopy history, and family history of PHG were significantly higher in subjects with PHG. Mean body mass index (BMI) and PSS scores were higher in subjects with PHG, but was not statistically significant. In the ordinal logistic regression analysis according to severity of PHG, male gender, BMI, alcohol consumption, and history of paternal PHG were significantly higher and onset age of PHG was significantly lower in PHG group. CONCLUSION Our study is the first study reporting a relationship between PHG and diet. It may be possible to prevent PHG or reduce its severity with some lifestyle changes such as diet preference, having normal weight, and decreasing alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersoy Acer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hilal Kaya Erdoğan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ali İğrek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hatice Parlak
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Nurhan Saraçoğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Bilgin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Statistics, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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CXCL12 regulates differentiation of human immature melanocyte precursors as well as their migration. Arch Dermatol Res 2018; 311:55-62. [PMID: 30483878 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-018-1880-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Melanocyte stem cells (McSCs) are localized in the bulge region of hair follicles and supply melanocytes, which determine hair color by synthesizing melanin. Ectopic differentiation of McSCs, which are usually undifferentiated in the bulge region, causes depletion of McSCs and results in hair graying. Therefore, to prevent hair graying, it is essential to maintain McSCs in the bulge region, but the mechanism of McSC maintenance remains unclear. To address this issue, we investigated the role of CXCL12, a chemokine which was previously suggested to induce migration of melanocyte lineage cells, as a niche component of McSCs. Immunohistological analysis revealed that CXCL12 was highly expressed in the bulge region of human hair follicles. CXCL12 mRNA expression level was significantly lower in white hairs plucked from human scalps than in black hairs. CXCL12 attracted the migration of early-passage normal human epidermal melanocytes (eNHEMs), an in vitro model of McSCs, which had characteristics of immature melanocyte precursors. We also found that CXCL12 suppressed their differentiation. These results suggest that CXCL12 regulates differentiation of McSCs as well as their proper localization, and maintaining McSCs by regulating CXCL12 expression level in the bulge region may be a key to preventing hair graying.
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Almeida Scalvino S, Chapelle A, Hajem N, Lati E, Gasser P, Choulot JC, Michel L, Hocquaux M, Loing E, Attia J, Wdzieczak-Bakala J. Efficacy of an agonist of α-MSH, the palmitoyl tetrapeptide-20, in hair pigmentation. Int J Cosmet Sci 2018; 40:516-524. [PMID: 30222197 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hair greying (i.e., canities) is a component of chronological ageing and occurs regardless of gender or ethnicity. Canities is directly linked to the loss of melanin and increase in oxidative stress in the hair follicle and shaft. To promote hair pigmentation and reduce the hair greying process, an agonist of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a biomimetic peptide (palmitoyl tetrapeptide-20; PTP20) was developed. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of the designed peptide on hair greying. METHODS Effect of the PTP20 on the enzymatic activity of catalase and the production of H2 O2 by Human Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells (HFDPC) was evaluated. Influence of PTP20 on the expression of melanocortin receptor-1 (MC1-R) and the production of melanin were investigated. Enzymatic activity of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) after treatment with PTP20 was also determined. Ex vivo studies using human micro-dissected hairs allowed to visualize the effect of PTP20 on the expression in hair follicle of catalase, TRP-1, TRP-2, Melan-A, ASIP, and MC1-R. These investigations were completed by a clinical study on 15 human male volunteers suffering from premature canities. RESULTS The in vitro and ex vivo studies revealed the capacity of the examined PTP20 peptide to enhance the expression of catalase and to decrease (30%) the intracellular level of H2 O2 . Moreover, PTP20 was shown to activate in vitro and ex vivo the melanogenesis process. In fact, an increase in the production of melanin was shown to be correlated with elevated expression of MC1-R, TRP-1, and Melan-A, and with the reduction in ASIP expression. A modulation on TRP-2 was also observed. The pivotal role of MC1-R was confirmed on protein expression analysed on volunteer's plucked hairs after 3 months of the daily application of lotion containing 10 ppm of PTP20 peptide. CONCLUSION The current findings demonstrate the ability of the biomimetic PTP20 peptide to preserve the function of follicular melanocytes. The present results suggest potential cosmetic application of this newly designed agonist of α-MSH to promote hair pigmentation and thus, reduce the hair greying process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Chapelle
- ICSN, UPR2301 CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Hajem
- Ales Groupe, 95871, Bezons, France
| | - E Lati
- Laboratoire BIO-EC, 91160, Longjumeau, France
| | - P Gasser
- Laboratoire BIO-EC, 91160, Longjumeau, France
| | | | - L Michel
- Inserm UMR976, 75475, Paris, France
| | - M Hocquaux
- IFF-Lucas Meyer Cosmetics, 31036, Toulouse, France
| | - E Loing
- IFF-Lucas Meyer Cosmetics, G1V4W2, Québec, Canada
| | - J Attia
- IFF-Lucas Meyer Cosmetics, 31036, Toulouse, France
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Jo SK, Lee JY, Lee Y, Kim CD, Lee JH, Lee YH. Three Streams for the Mechanism of Hair Graying. Ann Dermatol 2018; 30:397-401. [PMID: 30065578 PMCID: PMC6029974 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2018.30.4.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair graying is an obvious sign of human aging. Although graying has been investigated extensively, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we reviewed previous studies on the mechanism of graying and seek to offer some new insights. The traditional view is that hair graying is caused by exhaustion of the pigmentary potential of the melanocytes of hair bulbs. Melanocyte dysfunction may be attributable to the effects of toxic reactive oxygen species on melanocyte nuclei and mitochondria. A recent study suggests that bulge melanocyte stem cells (MSCs) are the key cells in play. Graying may be caused by defective MSC self-maintenance, not by any deficiency in bulbar melanocytes. Our previous study suggested that graying may be principally attributable to active hair growth. Active hair growth may produce oxidative or genotoxic stress in hair bulge. These internal stress may cause eventually depletion of MSC in the hair follicles. Taken together, hair graying may be caused by MSC depletion by genotoxic stress in the hair bulge. Hair graying may also be sometimes caused by dysfunction of the melanocytes by oxidative stress in the hair bulb. In addition, hair graying may be attributable to MSC depletion by active hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Kyeong Jo
- Department of Anatomy, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang Deok Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jeung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Ho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Lin Z, Tian Y, Bai B, Liu M, Wu Y, Xiao B, Gao XH, Chen HD. Comprehensive survey of vitiligo patients in the northeast of China using a predesigned questionnaire. J Dermatol 2018; 45:39-45. [PMID: 28940447 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To assess the sociodemographic data and clinical information of outpatients affected by vitiligo in the northeast of China, vitiligo patients or guardians who presented to the clinic were invited to participate in an exploratory questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of two sections related to vitiligo, including sociodemographic data and clinical information. A total of 983 vitiligo patients answered the questionnaire. The rates of female and male patients were comparable. The investigated patients were mostly young and middle-aged. Most patients suffered from vitiligo in childhood or young adulthood. Vitiligo vulgaris was the most common type of vitiligo in clinic and 53.0% of patients were categorized as body surface area (BSA) of 10% or less. In response to the latest treatment, 43.6% of patients achieved good response (completely stopped or almost disappeared). More patients at active stage showed good response than the patients at stable stage (χ2 = 7.866, P < 0.05). Chronic comorbid condition(s) were observed in 12.6% of patients with BSA of more than 10%, whereas those were seen in 6.0% of patients with BSA of 10% or less (χ2 = 12.969, P < 0.05). In conclusion, active vitiligo seems to respond better than stable vitiligo and complications with other autoimmune diseases more frequently observed in severe patients than mild patients. The current study presented a comprehensive understanding of vitiligo in the northeast of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lin
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Tian
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingxue Bai
- Department of Dermatology, No. 2 Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bihuan Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing-Hua Gao
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Duo Chen
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Sharma N, Dogra D. Association of Epidemiological and Biochemical Factors with Premature Graying of Hair: A Case-Control Study. Int J Trichology 2018; 10:211-217. [PMID: 30607040 PMCID: PMC6290283 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_39_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Premature hair graying (PHG) is often a matter of great concern for patients as it is viewed as a sign of increasing age, debility, decreasing vigor, and may lead to low self-esteem and psychological morbidity. Its etiopathogenesis is not completely understood but genetic, and various acquired factors have been implicated. The present study was undertaken to evaluate various epidemiological and biochemical variables associated with PHG. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional case–control study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India for 1 year which comprised 120 patients and equal number of controls. Various epidemiological variables were recorded and compared to controls. Serum ferritin, serum calcium, serum Vitamin D, serum Vitamin B12, lipid profile, thyroid profile, and fasting blood sugar were measured and compared among cases and controls. Results: Significantly higher proportion of cases had atopic diathesis, sedentary lifestyle, family history, history of smoking, and higher perceived stress values as compared to controls. Hair oiling seemed to protect against premature graying. Significantly, lower levels of serum calcium, ferritin, Vitamin B12, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were observed among cases. Conclusion: In the light of the present study, further studies with larger sample size are required to establish the definite etiological significance of these variables and formulate various preventive and therapeutic targets to prevent and treat PHG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, SMGS Hospital, GMC, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Devraj Dogra
- Department of Dermatology, SMGS Hospital, GMC, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Abstract
Premature graying of hair (PGH) is defined as graying of hair before the age of 20 years in Caucasians and before 30 years in African American population. It can severely affect the self-esteem of an individual. The exact etiopathogenesis remains unknown, although it has been associated with premature aging disorders, atopy, and autoimmune diseases. Patients, who present with PGH, should be assessed for syndromes and metabolism diseases. Hair dyes remain the main modality of the treatment for cosmetic concerns after nutritional supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huma Shamim
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Umashankar Nagaraju
- Department of Dermatology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Ji J, Ho BSY, Qian G, Xie XM, Bigliardi PL, Bigliardi-Qi M. Aging in hair follicle stem cells and niche microenvironment. J Dermatol 2017; 44:1097-1104. [PMID: 28593683 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hair graying and hair loss are prominent and common characteristics of the elderly population. In some individuals these processes can significantly impact their quality of life, leading to depression, anxiety and other serious mental health problems. Accordingly, there has been much interest in understanding the complex physiological changes within the hair follicle in the aging individual. It is now known that hair follicles represent a prototypical stem cell niche, where both micro- and macroenvironmental influences are integrated alongside stem cell-stem cell and stem cell-stem niche interactions to determine hair growth or hair follicle senescence. Recent studies have identified imbalanced stem cell differentiation and altered stem cell activity as important factors during hair loss, indicating new avenues for the development of therapeutic agents to stimulate hair growth. Here, we pull together the latest findings on the hair follicle stem cell niche and the multifactorial interactions underlying the various forms of hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ji
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, China
| | - Bryan Siu-Yin Ho
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Ge Qian
- Department of Dermatology, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xie
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, China
| | - Paul Lorenz Bigliardi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Mei Bigliardi-Qi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
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Sonthalia S, Priya A, Tobin DJ. Demographic Characteristics and Association of Serum Vitamin B12, Ferritin and Thyroid Function with Premature Canities in Indian Patients from an Urban Skin Clinic of North India: A Retrospective Analysis of 71 Cases. Indian J Dermatol 2017; 62:304-308. [PMID: 28584374 PMCID: PMC5448266 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_221_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of self-reported premature hair graying (PHG) seems to be on the rise. PHG has a profound impact on the patient's quality of life. It remains an incompletely understood etiology with limited and modest treatment options. Aim: The evaluation of the demographic and clinical profile of patients with premature canities, and exploration of the association of this entity with certain systemic disorders suspected to be related to its etiology. Methods: Seventy-one cases of premature canities (onset noticed by patients before 25 years of age) presenting to an urban skin clinic in Gurugram, India, between September 2012 and September 2015 with this complaint were retrospectively analyzed. The patient records were retrieved that provided details of the onset, duration and pattern of involvement, history, and examination findings (scalp, cutis, and general physical). Since all these patients had been screened for anemia, thyroid disorder, fasting blood glucose, and Vitamin B12 levels at the time of presentation, these parameters were also available for analysis. Results: The mean age at onset of graying was 10.2 ± 3.6 years (range: 5–19 years), with an almost equal gender distribution. The earliest age of onset recorded was 5 years. A positive family history of PHG (at least one of the biological parents or siblings) was obtained in 64 (90.1%) of the cases. The temporal regions of the scalp (35.2%) were most commonly involved followed by the frontal region (18.3%). Hypovitaminosis B12 and hypothyroidism showed significant association with the disorder, whereas anemia, serum ferritin, and fasting blood glucose did not. Conclusion: The age of onset of hair graying can be as low as 5 years. Temporal and frontal areas are the most commonly involved sites. A strong family history, Vitamin B12 deficiency, and hypothyroidism are strongly associated with PHG. Larger case–control studies are mandated for discerning the correlation of these and other risk factors with PHG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adity Priya
- Department of Community Medicine, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Desmond J Tobin
- Centre for Skin Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, UK
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46
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A Prospective Study of Axillary Hair Reduction in Patients Treated With Microwave Technology. Dermatol Surg 2017; 43:558-565. [PMID: 28005625 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Removing unwanted body hair is a growing trend in society today, and there are many laser-based devices for hair reduction. There are some limitations to those methods, including the lack of efficacy for lighter color hair. OBJECTIVE The objective was to quantify hair reduction in the axillae after treatment with a noninvasive microwave energy device. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective, multicenter study was performed at 3 private dermatology clinics. Fifty-six adult subjects seeking axillary hair reduction were enrolled and treated with the device in 1 or 2 treatment sessions 3 months apart at various energy levels, and followed for 12 months. The primary analysis was monitoring reduction of hair counts from baseline to follow-up visits. A subject assessment of overall satisfaction, odor ratings, and sweat reduction ratings was provided at follow-up visits. RESULTS Fifty-six subjects received treatment, with an average total underarm hair reduction of approximately 70% for both light and dark hair. Percentage of patients with hair reduction of 30% or more was significantly higher than 50% at all follow-up visits. Half of treated subjects reported expected mild transient post-treatment effects such as localized edema, discomfort, and bruising. Other reported events were mild. CONCLUSION This clinical study provides evidence for safe and permanent axillary hair reduction, showing stable average reduction that lasted through the year of follow-up. Most notably, the study has shown the treatment's efficacy for reduction of light-colored axillary hair.
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Sextius P, Betts R, Benkhalifa I, Commo S, Eilstein J, Massironi M, Wang P, Michelet JF, Qiu J, Tan X, Jeulin S. Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract protects human foreskin melanocytes from oxidative stress in vitro and potentiates hair follicle pigmentation ex vivo. Int J Cosmet Sci 2017; 39:419-425. [PMID: 28109001 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the ability of an extract from traditional Chinese medicine, Polygonum multiflorum Radix, to protect melanocyte viability from oxidative stress, a key mechanism in the initiation and progression of hair greying. METHODS To assess the antioxidant capacity of Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract, primary human foreskin melanocytes were treated with a commercially available Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract added to culture medium and exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), using intracellular reactive oxygen species concentrations and glutathione/protein ratios as endpoints. To improve solubility for cosmetic uses, a new Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract was derived. As hair greying is the consequence of melanocyte disappearance in an oxidative stress environment, we checked whether the antioxidant capacity of the new Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract could preserve melanocyte viability in response to H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress, and preserve pigmentation within ex vivo human hair follicles. RESULTS In vitro treatment of primary human foreskin melanocytes with traditional available Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract resulted in decreased intracellular ROS accumulation in response to H2 O2 exposure with a concomitant preservation of glutathione-to-protein ratio, consistent with a protective response against H2 O2 exposure and demonstrating the promise of this extract for protecting melanocytes against oxidative stress. Melanocytes treated with the improved Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract exhibited attenuated H2 O2 -induced cell death, demonstrating a clear cytoprotective effect. Treatment of ex vivo human hair follicles with the improved Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract resulted in a higher level of melanin compared to vehicle-treated controls, demonstrating an ex vivo protective effect on hair pigmentation. CONCLUSION Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract protects in vitro primary human foreskin melanocytes from the deleterious effects of H2 O2 exposure and improves pigmentation within ex vivo human hair follicles, demonstrating the utility of Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract as a potential active ingredient for the protection of melanocytes against premature death. This data provides in vitro mechanistic evidence consistent with existing in vivo studies for the use of Polygonum multiflorum Radix extract as a strategy for the prevention of oxidative stress-induced hair greying, in line with traditional Polygonum multiflorum Radix uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sextius
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugene Schueller, Aulnay-sous-Bois, 93601, France
| | - R Betts
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - I Benkhalifa
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugene Schueller, Aulnay-sous-Bois, 93601, France
| | - S Commo
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugene Schueller, Aulnay-sous-Bois, 93601, France
| | - J Eilstein
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugene Schueller, Aulnay-sous-Bois, 93601, France
| | - M Massironi
- Cutech Srl, Via San Marco, Padova, 9/M I-35129, Italy
| | - P Wang
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - J-F Michelet
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugene Schueller, Aulnay-sous-Bois, 93601, France
| | - J Qiu
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - X Tan
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - S Jeulin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugene Schueller, Aulnay-sous-Bois, 93601, France
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Huang HC, Lin H, Huang MC. The lactoferricin B-derived peptide, LfB17-34, induces melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:595-602. [PMID: 28204812 PMCID: PMC5360364 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferricin B (LfcinB), a peptide of bovine lactoferrin (LfB), exhibits multiple biological functions, including antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and immuno-modulatory activities. However, the role of LfcinB-related peptides in melanogenesis remains unclear. In this study, a set of five LfcinB-related peptides was examined. We found that LfB17-34, an 18-mer LfcinB-derived peptide, increased melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells without significantly affecting cell viability. LfB17-34 increased in vitro tyrosinase activity and melanin content in a dose-dependent manner. The results of RT-qPCR and western blot analyses showed that LfB17-34 increased the mRNA and protein expression of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (Trp1). Moreover, LfB17-34 inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK/Erk, but not p38 and Akt, and constitutively active MEK was able to reverse the LfB17-34-enhanced pigmentation, melanin content, and tyrosinase activity, suggesting a role of Erk signaling in the process of LfB17-34-mediated pigmentation. Taken together, these results suggest that LfB17-34 induces melanogenesis in B16F10 cells primarily through increased tyrosinase expression and activity and that LfB17-34 could be further developed for the treatment of hypopigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hsuan Lin
- Renorigin Innovation Institute, Taipei 11560, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Min-Chuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan, R.O.C
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49
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Goren A, Bolanča Ž, Lotti T, Šitum M. Novel technique for repigmentation of senescence grey hair. Dermatol Ther 2016; 30. [PMID: 27917579 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Željana Bolanča
- Department of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital Center "Sestre Milosrdnice"
| | | | - Mirna Šitum
- Department of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital Center "Sestre Milosrdnice"
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Relative studies between hair index, hair area, and medullary index with age and sex in Thai scalp hair. Forensic Sci Int 2016; 267:196-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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