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Wang Y, Yan H, Zhao L, He XL, Bao TRG, Sun XD, Yang YC, Zhu SY, Gao XX, Wang AH, Jia JM. An integrated network pharmacology approach reveals that Darutigenol reduces inflammation and cartilage degradation in a mouse collagen-induced arthritis model by inhibiting the JAK-STAT3 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116574. [PMID: 37160212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Darutigenol (DL) is a natural active product derived from the Chinese herbal medicine Sigesbeckia glabrescens (Makino) Makino. It is administered as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to dispel rheumatism, benefit the joints, and detoxify. However, its potential mechanism in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown. AIMS OF THE STUDY The objectives of this research were to determine the effects and elucidate the modes of action of DL on RA-related joint inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to screen and validate candidate DL targets for RA treatment, respectively. A DBA/1 mouse rheumatoid arthritis model was induced with bovine type II collagen. Intragastric DL administration was followed by the calculation of the clinical arthritis index. A section of the ankle joint was excised and stained and the pathological changes in it were observed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and western blotting (WB) were used to clarify the mechanisms of DL in RA treatment. RESULTS DL effectively attenuated the inflammation, mitigated the articular cartilage degradation, and bone erosion, and alleviated the inflammatory joints associated with RA. Network pharmacology screened six key targets of DL while molecular docking revealed that it docked well with its protein targets. The DL treatment group presented with significantly less ankle joint redness and swelling, a lower arthritis index scores and serum and bone marrow supernatant IL-6 levels, more complete ankle joint surfaces, and less synovial inflammation, cartilage degradation, and bone erosion than the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) group. The DL treatment also substantially downregulated the Janus kinase (JAK)1, JAK3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9, and phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription (p-STAT)3 proteins in the joints. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, the present work was the first to demonstrate that DL has significant anti-inflammatory efficacy and reduces cartilage degradation and bone erosion. It also demonstrated that the anti-RA effect of DL may be explained by its ability to inhibit joint inflammation and reduce articular cartilage degradation through the interleukin (IL)-6/JAK1,3/STAT3 axis and downregulate MMP2 and MMP9. Hence, DL might play a therapeutic role in a mouse RA model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yan
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhao
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Lai He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Shiyan, 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Te-Ri-Gen Bao
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Duo Sun
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Cheng Yang
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yi Zhu
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xu Gao
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Hua Wang
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing-Ming Jia
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Ramalingam S, Chandrasekar MJN, Nanjan MJ. Plant-based Natural Products for Wound Healing: A Critical Review. Curr Drug Res Rev 2022; 14:37-60. [PMID: 35549848 DOI: 10.2174/2589977513666211005095613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is an intricate process consisting of four overlapping phases, namely hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. Effective treatment of wounds depends upon the interaction of appropriate cell types, cell surface receptors, and the extracellular matrix with the therapeutic agents. Several approaches currently used for treating wounds, such as advanced wound dressing, growth factor therapy, stem cell therapy, and gene therapy, are not very effective and lead to impaired healing. Further, repeated use of antibiotics to treat open wounds leads to multi- drug resistance. Today there is considerable interest in plant-based drugs as they are believed to be safe, inexpensive, and more suitable for chronic wounds. For example, a large number of plant- based extracts and their bioactive compounds have been investigated for wound healing. In recent years the structural and mechanistic diversity of natural products have become central players in the search for newer therapeutic agents. In the present review, a thorough critical survey of the traditionally used plant-based drugs used worldwide for wound healing with special reference to the natural products/bioactive compounds isolated and screened is presented. It is hoped that this review will attract the attention of the research community involved in newer drug design and development for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Ramalingam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris-643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moola Joghee Nanjan Chandrasekar
- School of Life Science, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (Ooty Campus), Longwood, Mysuru Road, Ooty, The Nilgiris-643001, Nilgiris-643001, Tamilnadu, India
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Wang Q, Liang YY, Li KW, Li Y, Niu FJ, Zhou SJ, Wei HC, Zhou CZ. Herba Siegesbeckiae: A review on its traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities and clinical studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 275:114117. [PMID: 33848612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herba Siegesbeckiae, mainly includes Sigesbeckia orientalis L, Sigesbeckiae pubescens Makino and Sigesbeckiae glabrescens Makino. Herba Siegesbeckiae, also known as 'Xi-Xian Cao' (Chinese: ), has been regarded as an important traditional Chinese medicine since Tang dynasty. The dried aerial parts of Herba Siegesbeckiae are also being used as a herbal medicine in many countries such as Japan, Korea and Vietnam. In China, Herba Siegesbeckiae has been used for the treatment of rheumatic arthralgia with aching and weakness of loins and knees, as well as numbness of limbs. AIM OF THIS REVIEW The aim of this review was to provide critical analysis on the scientific evidence to support the traditional uses of Herba Siegesbeckiae. The information available on its in botanical characteristics, traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, clinical studies, toxicity and quality control was summarized to understand the current research and provided the leas for future study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The search terms "Herba Siegesbeckiae", "Sigesbeckia orientalis", "Sigesbeckia pubscens" and "Sigesbeckia glabrescens" were used to obtain the information from electronic databases such as Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, PubMed, Google Scholar and SciFinder Scholar and other web search instruments (Springer, Yahoo search). The information provided in this review was based on peer-reviewed papers in English and Chinese. Besides, information was also collected from ancient documents. RESULT The studies showed that Herba Siegesbeckiae contains sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, flavonoids and organic acids, etc. Due to these constituents, it displayed numerous pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiallergic, antioxidant, antithrombotic and antibacterial activities. In addition, it showed effects in protecting myocardial and cerebral ischemia injury. CONCLUSIONS According to its traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities and clinic studies, Herba Siegesbeckiae is regarded as a promising medical plant with various chemical compounds and numerous pharmacological activities. However, fewer experimental studies were focused on toxicity and quantitative study of 3 species. It suggested that further in-depth study of toxicity and quality control were critical for future evaluation of drug efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Yi-Yu Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Kun-Wei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Feng-Jv Niu
- Shandong Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Sheng-Jun Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Chang-Zheng Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China.
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4
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Gao XX, Gao YN, Wang DD, Hu GS, Yan T, Jia JM, Wang AH. Six novel lignanoids with complex structures from Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino with their cytotoxic activities. Fitoterapia 2020; 148:104799. [PMID: 33301798 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Six new lignanoids, Glalignin A-E (1-5) and Glaneolignin A (6), together with four analogues, (+)-isolariciresinol (7), (+)-syringaresinol (8), dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (9) and tribulusamide A (10), were obtained from the aerial parts of Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino and also isolated for the first time from the Sigesbeckia genus. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by the interpretation of HRESIMS, 1D NMR, 2D NMR data and chemical evidence. The cytotoxic activities of the compounds were evaluated by testing their inhibition in several tumor cells using the MTT assay. New compound 2 and 5 displayed cytotoxicity against the human cancer cell lines human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) with IC50 values of 32.89 ± 6.83 and 35.86 ± 6.83 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xu Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ning Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Dong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao-Sheng Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ming Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Hua Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Morarescu O, Grinco M, Kulciţki V, Barba A, Garbuz O, Gudumac V, Gulea A, Ungur N. A straightforward synthesis of natural oxygenated ent-kaurenoic acid derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1821225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Morarescu
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural and Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Chemistry MECR, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Marina Grinco
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural and Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Chemistry MECR, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Veaceslav Kulciţki
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural and Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Chemistry MECR, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Alic Barba
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural and Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Chemistry MECR, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Olga Garbuz
- Department of Chemistry, Moldova State University MECR, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics and Phylogeny, Institute of Zoology MECR, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Valentin Gudumac
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Aurelian Gulea
- Department of Chemistry, Moldova State University MECR, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Nicon Ungur
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural and Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Chemistry MECR, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
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6
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ent-Pimarane diterpenoids from Siegesbeckia glabrescens with anti-inflammatory activity. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Rezaie F, Momeni-Moghaddam M, Naderi-Meshkin H. Regeneration and Repair of Skin Wounds: Various Strategies for Treatment. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2019; 18:247-261. [PMID: 31257948 DOI: 10.1177/1534734619859214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skin as a mechanical barrier between the inner and outer environment of our body protects us against infection and electrolyte loss. This organ consists of 3 layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Any disruption in the integrity of skin leads to the formation of wounds, which are divided into 2 main categories: acute wounds and chronic wounds. Generally, acute wounds heal relatively faster. In contrast to acute wounds, closure of chronic wounds is delayed by 3 months after the initial insult. Treatment of chronic wounds has been one of the most challenging issues in the field of regenerative medicine, promoting scientists to develop various therapeutic strategies for a fast, qualified, and most cost-effective treatment modality. Here, we reviewed more recent approaches, including the development of stem cell therapy, tissue-engineered skin substitutes, and skin equivalents, for the healing of complex wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Rezaie
- Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.,Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
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8
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Su P, Guan H, Zhang Y, Wang X, Gao L, Zhao Y, Hu T, Zhou J, Ma B, Tu L, Tong Y, Huang L, Gao W. Probing the Single Key Amino Acid Responsible for the Novel Catalytic Function of ent-Kaurene Oxidase Supported by NADPH-Cytochrome P450 Reductases in Tripterygium wilfordii. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1756. [PMID: 29081786 PMCID: PMC5645531 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tripterygium wilfordii produces not only ent-kaurene, which is an intermediate of gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis in flowering plants, but also 16α-hydroxy-ent-kaurane, whose physiological role has not been characterized. The two compounds are biosynthesized from the universal diterpenoid precursor (E,E,E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) by diterpene synthases, which have been discovered and functionally characterized in T. wilfordii. Here, we described the functional characterization of four cytochrome P450 reductases (TwCPR) and one ent-kaurene oxidase (TwKO). Four TwCPRs were found to have relatively ubiquitous expression in T. wilfordii root, stem, leaf, and flower tissues. Co-expression of both a TwCPR and TwKO in yeast showed that TwCPR3 has a slightly better activity for providing the electrons required for these reactions, indicating that TwCPR3 is more suitable for use in the functional analysis of other cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. TwKO catalyzed the three-step oxidation of the C4α methyl of the tetracyclic diterpene intermediate ent-kaurene to form ent-kaurenoic acid as an early step in GA biosynthesis. Notably, TwKO could also convert 16α-hydroxy-ent-kaurane to 16α-hydroxy-ent-kaurenoic acid, indicating an important function of 16α-hydroxy-ent-kaurane in the anti-HIV principle tripterifordin biosynthetic pathway in planta. Homology modeling and molecular docking were used to investigate the unknown crucial active amino acid residue involved in the catalytic reaction of TwKO, and one key residue (Leu387) contributed to the formation of 16α-hydroxy-ent-kaurenoic acid, most likely by forming hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group (-OH) of 16α-hydroxy-ent-kaurane, which laid the basis for further investigation of the multifunctional nature of KO catalysis. Also, our findings paved the way for the complete biosynthesis of the anti-HIV principle tripterifordin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Linhui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyuan Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baowei Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lichan Tu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Luqi Huang, Wei Gao,
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Luqi Huang, Wei Gao,
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Won CH, Jeong YM, Kang S, Koo TS, Park SH, Park KY, Sung YK, Sung JH. Hair-growth-promoting effect of conditioned medium of high integrin α6 and low CD 71 (α6bri/CD71dim) positive keratinocyte cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:4379-91. [PMID: 25706512 PMCID: PMC4394426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16034379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte stem/progenitor cells (KSCs) reside in the bulge region of the hair follicles and may be involved in hair growth. Hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) and outer root sheath (ORS) cells were treated with conditioned medium (CM) of KSCs. Moreover, the effects of KSC-CM on hair growth were examined ex vivo and in vivo. A human growth factor chip array and RT-PCR were employed to identify enriched proteins in KSC-CM as compared with CM from keratinocytes. KSC-CM significantly increased the proliferation of HFDPCs and ORS cells, and increased the S-phase of the cell cycle in HFDPCs. KSC-CM led to the phosphorylation of ATK and ERK1/2 in both cell types. After subcutaneous injection of KSC-CM in C3H/HeN mice, a significant increase in hair growth and increased proliferation of hair matrix keratinocytes ex vivo was observed. We identified six proteins enriched in KSC-CM (amphiregulin, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, Platelet-derived growth factor-AA, and vascular endothelial growth factor). A growth-factor cocktail that contains these six recombinant growth factors significantly increased the proliferation of HFDPCs and ORS cells and enhanced the hair growth of mouse models. These results collectively indicate that KSC-CM has the potential to increase hair growth via the proliferative capacity of HFDPCs and ORS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea.
| | - Yun-Mi Jeong
- Department of Applied Bioscience, CHA University, Seoul 135-081, Korea.
| | - Sangjin Kang
- Department of Applied Bioscience, CHA University, Seoul 135-081, Korea.
| | - Tae-Sung Koo
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - So-Hyun Park
- Coway Cosmetics R&D Center, Seoul 153-792, Korea.
| | - Ki-Young Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul 138-736, Korea.
| | - Young-Kwan Sung
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Korea.
| | - Jong-Hyuk Sung
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 406-840, Korea.
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Huo L, Jiang Z, Lei M, Wang X, Guo X. Simultaneous quantification of Kirenol and ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid from Herba Siegesbeckiae in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic studies. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 937:18-24. [PMID: 24008120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and specific liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of two active diterpenoids: Kirenol and ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid (DHKA) from Herba Siegesbeckiae in rat plasma using osthole as an internal standard (IS). Plasma sample pretreatment involved a one-step liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters Symmetry C18 column (2.1mm×100mm, 3.5μm) with isocratic elution using methanol-5mmol/L aqueous ammonium acetate (80:20, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.2mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode under positive and negative electrospray ionization. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 50.0-25,000ng/mL for Kirenol, and 25.0-12,500ng/mL for DHKA. The extraction recoveries of the two analytes and the IS were all over 85%. The intra- and inter-day precision (relative standard deviation) values were less than 16.8% and the accuracy (relative error) ranged from -10.7 to 10.6% at four quality control levels. The validated method was successfully applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study of the two diterpenoids in rat plasma after intragastric administration of Kirenol, DHKA and Herba Siegesbeckiae extract. The results showed that there were obvious differences between the pharmacokinetic behaviors after oral administration of Herba Siegesbeckiae extract compared with each of the substances alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Huo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
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Epidermal stem cells in orthopaedic regenerative medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:11626-42. [PMID: 23727934 PMCID: PMC3709750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, great advances have been made in epidermal stem cell studies at the cellular and molecular level. These studies reported various subpopulations and differentiations existing in the epidermal stem cell. Although controversies and unknown issues remain, epidermal stem cells possess an immune-privileged property in transplantation together with easy accessibility, which is favorable for future clinical application. In this review, we will summarize the biological characteristics of epidermal stem cells, and their potential in orthopedic regenerative medicine. Epidermal stem cells play a critical role via cell replacement, and demonstrate significant translational potential in the treatment of orthopedic injuries and diseases, including treatment for wound healing, peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury, and even muscle and bone remodeling.
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Wound-healing effect of ginsenoside Rd from leaves of Panax ginseng via cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 702:285-93. [PMID: 23399764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Panax ginseng is considered as one of the most valuable medicinal herbs in traditional medicine, and ginsenoside Rd is one of the main active ingredients in P. ginseng leaf. Although there is significant number of evidences implicated on the beneficial effects of the ginsenosides with diverse associated mechanisms, reports on the skin regeneration by the ginsenoside Rd are not sufficient. Therefore, we examined the mitogenic and protective effects of the ginsenoside Rd in the keratinocyte progenitor cells (KPCs) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Furthermore, the signaling pathways involved in the activation of KPCs and HDFs were investigated, and wound-healing effect is evaluated in vivo through animal wound models. We found that the ginsenoside Rd significantly increased the proliferation and migration level of KPCs and HDFs in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the cell survival was significantly increased in H2O2 treated KPCs. Moreover, the ginsenoside Rd effectively induced collagen type 1 and down-regulated matrix metalloprotinase-1 (MMP-1) in a dose-dependent manner. All of these beneficial effects are associated with an induction of intracellular cAMP levels and phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein expression in nucleus, which both attenuated by adenine 9-β-d-arabinofuranoside, an adenylate cyclase inhibitor. Application of the ginsenoside Rd to an excision wound in mice showed an effective healing process. As skin regeneration is mainly associated with the activation of HDFs and KPCs, P. ginseng leaf, an alternative source of the ginsenoside Rd, can be used as a natural source for skin regeneration.
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