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Kang C, Li X, Liu P, Liu Y, Niu Y, Zeng X, Zhao H, Liu J, Qiu S. Tolerogenic dendritic cells and TLR4/IRAK4/NF-κB signaling pathway in allergic rhinitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276512. [PMID: 37915574 PMCID: PMC10616250 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), central participants in the allergic immune response, can capture and present allergens leading to allergic inflammation in the immunopathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR). In addition to initiating antigen-specific immune responses, DCs induce tolerance and modulate immune homeostasis. As a special type of DCs, tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs) achieve immune tolerance mainly by suppressing effector T cell responses and inducing regulatory T cells (Tregs). TolDCs suppress allergic inflammation by modulating immune tolerance, thereby reducing symptoms of AR. Activation of the TLR4/IRAK4/NF-κB signaling pathway contributes to the release of inflammatory cytokines, and inhibitors of this signaling pathway induce the production of tolDCs to alleviate allergic inflammatory responses. This review focuses on the relationship between tolDCs and TLR4/IRAK4/NF-κB signaling pathway with AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Kang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Second People’s Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Second People’s Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yuan Niu
- Department of Neurology, Second People’s Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hailiang Zhao
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangqi Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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Yuan J, Xu X, Wang Z, Tong P, Meng X, Wu Y, Li X, Gao J, Chen H. A Higher Dose of Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin B Led to More Th1 and Lower Th2/Th1 Ratio in Th Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:363. [PMID: 37368664 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) is one of the causes of food poisoning and is associated with several immune diseases due to its superantigen capability. This study aimed to characterize the differentiations of naïve Th cells stimulated with different doses of SEB. The expression of T-bet, GATA-3, and Foxp3 or secretion of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-10 were evaluated in wild-type (WT) or DO11.10 CD4 T cells co-cultured with bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs). We found that the balance of Th1/Th2 could be dominated by the doses of SEB stimulation. A higher SEB dose could induce more Th1 and a lower Th2/Th1 ratio in Th cells co-cultured with BMDCs. This different tendency of Th cell differentiation induced by the SEB complements the existing knowledge about SEB acting as a superantigen to activate Th cells. Additionally, it is also helpful in managing the colonization of S. aureus and food contamination of SEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- China Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiaoqian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xuanyi Meng
- China Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yong Wu
- China Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jinyan Gao
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- China Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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Mari A, Antonietta Ciardiello M, Passalacqua G, Vliagoftis H, Wardlaw AJ, Wickman M. Developments in the field of allergy in 2012 through the eyes of Clinical & Experimental Allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2014; 43:1309-32. [PMID: 24118214 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In 2012, we received 683 submissions and published 20 editorials, 38 reviews, 11 letters and 128 original articles. This represents an acceptance rate for original papers in the range of 20%. About 30% of original papers were triaged not to go out to review, either because the editors did not feel they had sufficient priority for publication or because the topic did not feel right for the readers of the journal. We place great emphasis on obtaining sufficient high-quality reviews to make our decisions on publication fair and consistent. Inevitably, however, there is a degree of luck about what gets published and which papers miss out, and we are always happy to receive an appeal on our decisions either at the triage stage or after review. This gives us the opportunity to revisit the decision and revise it or explain in more detail to the authors the basis for the decision. Once again in 2012, we were delighted by the quality of the papers submitted and the breadth and depth of research into allergic disease that it revealed. The pattern of papers submitted was similar in previous years with considerable emphasis on all aspects of asthma and rhinitis. We were particularly pleased with our special issue on severe asthma. Elucidating mechanisms using either animal models or patients has always been a major theme of the journal, and the excellent work in these areas has been summarized by Harissios Vliagoftis with a particularly interesting section on early-life events guiding the development of allergic disease, which understandably continue to be a major theme of research. Magnus Wickman summarized the papers looking at the epidemiology of allergic disease including work from birth cohorts, which are an increasingly rich source of data on risk factors for allergic disease, and two papers on the epidemiology of anaphylaxis. Giovanni Passalacqua discussed the papers in the clinical allergy section of the journal, and Adriano Mari who runs the excellent Allergome website discussed the papers looking at allergens including characterization and the relative usefulness of allergen arrays versus single extracts in diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mari
- Allergome, Allergy Data Laboratories s.c., Latina, Italy
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Abstract
The immune regulatory functions of B cells are not fully understood yet. The present study aims to characterize a subtype of B cells that expresses CX3CR1. In this study, peripheral blood samples were collected from patients with food allergies and healthy subjects. Peripheral B cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. T cell proliferation was assessed by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester dilution assay. The results showed that the CX3CR1(+) B cells were detected in the peripheral blood samples of healthy subjects and were significantly less in patients with food allergies. CX3CR1(+) B cells expressed high levels of TGF-β and integrin αvβ6. CX3CR1(+) B cells could efficiently suppress other effector CD4(+) T cell activation. We conclude that human peripheral CX3CR1(+) B cells have immune suppressor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China.
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Qiu S, Du Y, Duan X, Geng X, Xie J, Gao H, Yang PC. B cell immunity in allergic nasal mucosa induces T helper 2 cell differentiation. J Clin Immunol 2012; 32:886-95. [PMID: 22454245 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-012-9675-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of allergic diseases is to be further understood. Recent studies indicate that B cells are involved in the immune regulation. The present study aimed to investigate the role of B cells in the initiation of skewed T helper (Th)2 polarization. METHODS The surgically removed nasal mucosal specimens from 24 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 22 patients with non-AR (nAR) were collected. B cells isolated from the AR nasal mucosa were characterized. The effect of B cells on inducing naïve CD4+ T cells to differentiate into Th2 cells was evaluated with a cell culture model. RESULTS Abundant B cells were detected in the nasal mucosa of patients with AR, which also expressed high levels of T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain (TIM)4 and costimulatory molecules. High levels of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) were detected in the AR nasal mucosa. Expression of TIM4 could be induced in naïve B cells in the presence of SEB in culture. TIM4+ B cells could induce naïve CD4+ T cells to differentiate into Th2 cells. CONCLUSIONS TIM4+ B cells from AR nasal mucosa can induce skewed Th2 polarization. It may be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of AR. B cells plays an important role in the initiation of Th2 polarization. KEY MESSAGES • High frequency of B cells exists in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis • These B cells express high levels of TIM4 • TIM4+ B cells can initiate the skewed Th2 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Qiu
- Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzheng, Guangzhou, China.
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