Angiogenesis-related growth factors and cytokines in the serum of patients with B non-Hodgkin lymphoma; relation to clinical features and response to treatment

Interaction of Interleukin-16 Genotypes With Betel Quid Chewing Behavior on Oral Cancer in Taiwan

BACKGROUND/AIM

Interleukin-16 (IL-16) is reported to play an important role in inflammation, carcinogenesis and tumoricidal processes, however, the contribution of IL-16 genotype to oral carcinogenesis is still largely unrevealed. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the contribution of IL-16 genotypes to Taiwan oral cancer risk.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The genotypes of IL-16 rs4778889, rs11556218, and rs4072111 were revealed among 958 oral cancer cases and 958 control subjects by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

RESULTS

First, the distributions of genotypic (p=0.0004) and allelic (p=0.0001) frequencies of IL-16 rs11556218 were significantly different between the case and control groups. In detail, the frequencies of IL-16 rs11556218 TG and GG were 28.1 and 5.8%, respectively, among oral cancer patients, significantly higher compared to those among controls (25.0% and 2.7%, respectively). Second, no difference was observed regarding IL-16 rs4778889 or IL-16 rs4072111. Last, there was a synergistic effect of betel quid chewing behavior and risky IL-16 rs11556218 genotype on oral cancer risk.

CONCLUSION

The study indicates that the IL-16 rs11556218 G allele synergistically interacts with betel quid chewing behavior, contributing to increased risk of oral cancer in Taiwanese.

Significant Association of Interleukin-16 Genetic Variations to Taiwanese Lung Cancer

BACKGROUND/AIM

Interleukin-16 has been reported to exhibit tumoricidal effects, however, the contribution of IL-16 genotypes to lung cancer is still largely unrevealed. This study aimed at investigating whether IL-16 genotypes contribute to lung cancer susceptibility.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

IL-16 rs4778889, rs11556218, and rs4072111 genotypic characteristics were determined among 358 lung cancer patients and 716 controls via the polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methodology.

RESULTS

The highlight finding is that the distributions of genotypic (p=8.6E-10) and allelic (p=0.0001) frequencies of IL-16 rs11556218 was significantly different between cases and controls. In detail, the frequencies of IL-16 rs11556218 heterozygous variant TG and homozygous variant GG were 36.6 and 7.3% among the lung cancer patients, significantly higher than those among the controls (22.5% and 2.6%). On the other way, no difference was observed regarding IL-16 rs4778889 or IL-16 rs4072111.

CONCLUSION

The present study indicates IL-16 rs11556218 G allele is significantly associated with increased Taiwan lung cancer risk.

The Potential of Angiogenin as a Serum Biomarker for Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background

Angiogenin (ANG) is a multifunctional angiogenic protein that participates in both normal development and diseases. Abnormal serum ANG levels are commonly reported in various diseases. However, whether ANG can serve as a diagnostic or prognostic marker for different diseases remains a matter of debate.

Methods

Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature utilizing PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus search engines to identify all publications comparing plasma or serum ANG levels between patients with different diseases and healthy controls, as were studies evaluating circulating ANG levels in healthy populations, pregnant women, or other demographic populations.

Results

This study demonstrated that the serum ANG concentration in healthy populations was 336.14 ± 142.83 ng/ml and remained relatively stable in different populations and regions. We noted no significant differences in serum ANG levels between patients and healthy controls, except in cases in which patients suffered from cancer or cardiovascular diseases. The serum ANG concentrations were significantly higher in patients who developed colorectal cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndromes, and heart failure than those in healthy controls.

Conclusion

ANG has the potential of being a serum biomarker for cancers and cardiovascular diseases.

The association of interleukin-16 gene polymorphisms with IL-16 serum levels and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a Chinese population

Interleukin (IL)-16 plays a fundamental role in inflammatory diseases, as well as in the development and progression of tumors. Genetic variation in DNA sequence of IL16 gene may lead to altered cytokine production and/or activity, and this variation may modulate an individual's susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To test this hypothesis, we investigated the association of IL16 gene polymorphisms and serum IL-16 levels with NPC risk in a Chinese population. We analyzed IL16 gene rs11556218 T/G, rs4778889 T/C, and rs4072111 C/T polymorphisms using PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing, and serum IL-16 levels were measured by ELISA. The IL16 rs11556218 T/G polymorphism was significantly associated with the susceptibility to NPC patients. The TG genotype was associated with a significantly higher risk of NPC as compared with the TT genotype (OR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.04-4.01; p = 0.037). Patients carrying the G allele had a significantly higher risk for developing NPC compared with individuals carrying the T allele (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.07-3.01; p = 0.027). The serum IL-16 levels were increased in NPC patients compared with controls (p < 0.01); the genotypes carrying the IL16 rs11556218 G variant allele were associated with increased serum IL-16 levels compared with the homozygous wild-type genotype in NPC patients (all p values <0.01). Our data suggested that IL16 rs11556218 T/G polymorphism was associated with increased susceptibility to NPC through increasing the production of serum IL-16 levels.

A prospective study of 67 serum immune and inflammation markers and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Although severe immune dysregulation is an established risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), the importance of subclinical immunologic effects is unclear. We compared baseline serum levels of 67 immune and inflammation markers between 301 patients with NHL diagnosed 5+ years after blood collection and 301 control patients within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. We observed associations with NHL for elevated B-cell-attracting chemokine 1 (BCA-1; fourth quartile vs first: odds ratio [OR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-4.2; Ptrend = 1.0 × 10(-6)), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2; OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 2.0-5.8; Ptrend = 1.1 × 10(-6)), and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (sVEGFR2; OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.4-3.9; Ptrend = .0005) that remained significant after Bonferroni correction, simultaneous model adjustment, and restriction to cases diagnosed 8 to 13 years after blood collection. Associations with other markers were observed, although none remained associated with NHL after adjustment for BCA-1, sTNFR2, and sVEGFR2. Our findings suggest that circulating BCA-1, sTNFR2, and sVEGFR2 are associated with NHL risk well in advance of diagnosis. Additional research is needed to replicate these findings and elucidate the underlying biologic mechanisms.