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Roos JH, Mäkitie AA, Tarkkanen J, Ilmarinen TT. Pretreatment tumor sampling and prognostic factors in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma of the head and neck. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 279:3147-3155. [PMID: 34773167 PMCID: PMC9072459 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-07162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient preoperative work-up and consequent intralesional or marginal resection of soft-tissue sarcomas of the head and neck (STSHNs) is common. METHODS This retrospective cohort study comprised 63 patients with STSHN treated at the Helsinki University Hospital between 2005 and 2017. We assessed the effect of pretreatment tumor sampling on surgical margin status and need for supplemental surgery, as well as prognostic factors and survival. RESULTS The lack of representative pretreatment biopsy specimen was associated with unfavorable margin status. Primary surgery at a non-academic center was associated with need for supplemental surgery. The 3-year overall survival (OS) was 68%, disease-specific survival (DSS) 71%, and recurrence-free survival (RFS) 61%. Higher tumor grade and primary tumor size over 5 cm were associated with reduced DSS. CONCLUSIONS Diagnosis and management of STSHNs should be centralized to experienced academic centers. Decision-making between needle biopsy, open biopsy, or upfront radical surgery depends on tumor location and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan H Roos
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Antti A Mäkitie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Tarkkanen
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taru T Ilmarinen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Patra S, Trivedi P, Shah A. Primary Sarcoma of the Head and Neck: Three Years’ Experience in a Tertiary Care Cancer Center. ASIAN JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1728219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of malignancies originating from the transformed cells of mesenchymal lineage, representing only 1% of all the primary tumors arising within the head and neck region with a prevalence range of 4 to 10%. They are biologically different from the sarcomas of other sites because of the smaller size of the tumor at the time of presentation and higher chances of local recurrences. Due to the rarity in adults, there are very few studies on sarcomas of the head and neck. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency and spectrum of primary sarcomas in the head and neck region.
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective descriptive study. The authors analyzed 40 cases of histologically and immunohistochemically proven primary sarcomas arising in the head and neck region according to three age groups, pediatric (<12 years), adolescent (12–19 years), and adults (> 19 years).
Results Primary sarcomas represented 0.06% and 2.4% of total cancer cases and total sarcoma cases, respectively. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma was the most common histologic type, and nasopharynx the most common location in the pediatric population. Osteoblastic osteosarcomas and Ewing’s sarcoma were typical variants in adolescent age, affecting the hemimandible predominantly. In adults, osteosarcomas were commonest followed by conventional grade 1 chondrosarcoma. Treatment was planned according to the stage and grade of the tumor. Out of the 40 patients, 19 (47.5%) had a disease relapse within a period of 6 months from the completion of therapy.
Conclusion Head and neck sarcomas are notorious to recur. A timely and accurate diagnosis, proper staging, and multidisciplinary treatment plan can yield good patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiban Patra
- Department of Oncopathology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Priti Trivedi
- Department of Oncopathology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Anand Shah
- Department of Community Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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3
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Ram H, Kumar S, Singh SN, Kumar P, Singh G, Ganguly R, Sagar M, Howlader D. Head and neck sarcomas-clinicopathological findings, treatment modalities and its outcome - A retrospective study. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2021; 11:280-286. [PMID: 35265499 PMCID: PMC8848714 DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_366_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Reddy SS, Sharma S, Mysorekar V, Sharma P, Kaur A. Oral Spindle Cell Sarcoma: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZD23-ZD25. [PMID: 28571292 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/24592.9699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Spindle cell lesions of the head and neck region are diverse in nature by means of clinical and biological heterogeneity. Though few lesions are found to be malignant, several others are benign or merely reactive in nature. Although these lesions are fairly common occurring in other parts of the body, they are very rare in the oral cavity, accounting for less than 1% of all tumours in the oral region. Herein, a case of 48-year-old man who presented with a polypoid lesion of the maxilla has been reported. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry revealed spindle cell sarcoma of the left maxillary sinus. We present this rare tumour to contribute to the better understanding and awareness of this rare malignancy where diagnosis can be very challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha S Reddy
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Science, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Science, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijaya Mysorekar
- Professor, Department of General Pathology, M S Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pushpanjali Sharma
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Science, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Aninditya Kaur
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Science, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Tudor-Green B, Gomez R, Brennan PA. Current update on the diagnosis and management of head and neck soft tissue sarcomas. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:674-679. [PMID: 28140483 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck soft tissue sarcomas are a group of rare heterogeneous tumours arising from embryonic mesoderm. They comprise <1% of all head and neck malignancies and 5-15% of all sarcomas with most head and neck sarcomas arising from soft tissues. Although rare, they are associated with both high recurrence and mortality rates. We review the current management of head and neck soft tissue sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Tudor-Green
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Ricardo Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Peter A Brennan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
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6
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Alishahi B, Kargahi N, Homayouni S. Epidemiological Evaluation of Head and Neck Sarcomas in Iran (the Study of 105 Cases Over 13 Years). IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION 2015; 8:e3432. [PMID: 26478791 PMCID: PMC4606377 DOI: 10.17795/ijcp-3432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: Head and neck sarcomas are exceedingly rare and they include 4% - 10% of all sarcomas and less than 1% of all neoplasm of head and neck. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of head and neck sarcomas of patients in Isfahan, Iran. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective study, from the 16000 patients whose files were evaluated, the total number of 105 head and neck sarcomas were collected. They were evaluated with due attention to age, gender of the patients and the most common location of the lesion. Results: From the total number of 105 (0.6%) patients with sarcomas, 56 were men (53.33%) and 49 women (46.66%). The most common head and neck sarcomas among this population were Osteosarcoma (32 cases, 30.47%), Chondrosarcoma (14 cases, 13.33%), and Ewing sarcoma (11 cases, 10.47%).The most common soft tissue sarcoma was Rabdomiosarcoma. Mandible was the most common location for these lesions. Conclusions: In this study, the hard tissue sarcomas were more prevalent than soft tissue ones. Hence, special attention should be paid to the patients when being diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batoul Alishahi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Neda Kargahi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental Implant Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Solmaz Homayouni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
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Rysz M, Jaworowski J, Krajewski R, Barańska J. Leiomyosarcoma of the external ear--case report. Otolaryngol Pol 2014; 68:42-5. [PMID: 24484949 DOI: 10.1016/j.otpol.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Revised: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In head and neck region leiomyosarcoma is a very rare finding. This tumor is usually located in abdominal cavity. We report a case of 78-year-old man with tumor of the auricle that was resected with 0.7 cm margin. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis revealed the leiomyosarcoma. Adjuvant therapy was not advised. During 3 years of follow-up there are no signs of recurrence. Review of the literature shows that the survival of patients with leiomyosarcoma in head and neck region seems to be similar to other kinds of sarcomas in this localization. It is not clear, how large surgical margins should be to achieve satisfactory local control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Rysz
- Head and Neck Cancer Department, Surgery Division, Memorial Cancer Center, Head: A. Kawecki MD, PhD, Poland.
| | - Janusz Jaworowski
- Head and Neck Cancer Department, Surgery Division, Memorial Cancer Center, Head: A. Kawecki MD, PhD, Poland
| | - Romuald Krajewski
- Head and Neck Cancer Department, Surgery Division, Memorial Cancer Center, Head: A. Kawecki MD, PhD, Poland
| | - Joanna Barańska
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Head: K. Ptaszyński MD, Poland
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8
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Retrospective review of soft tissue sarcoma of head and neck in a West African hospital. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Guevara-Canales JO, Sacsaquispe-Contreras SJ, Morales-Vadillo R, Sánchez-Lihón J. Epidemiology of the sarcomas of the jaws in a Peruvian population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2012; 17:e201-5. [PMID: 22143684 PMCID: PMC3448309 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.17374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Analysis of the clinical characteristics of patients with Sarcomas of the Jaws treated in the “Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas. Dr. Eduardo Caceres Graziani” from 1952-2007.
Study Design: Review of 155 clinical records of patients with Sarcomas of the Jaws and record of age, gender, size, location, clinical symptoms and signs, histopathological diagnoses and type of treatment. The data obtained were analyzed by means of Student’s statistical t-test, Fisher and Friedman’s test.
Results: Analysis of 155 Sarcomas of the Jaws. The average age of patients was 36.8 years old (range: 1-80 years); the female gender was the most frequent (52.9%); the average tumor size was 5.5 cm; in upper jaw 54.84% occurred and 45.16% in the lower jaw; the predominant sign was facial asymmetry (87.74%) and the predominant symptom: pain (63.23%). The most frequent diagnosis was Osteosarcoma 50.3% followed by Chondrosarcoma 18%. Surgery plus radiation therapy was the treatment type of choice with 21.94% of cases.
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the delayed diagnosis and facial asymmetry and pain appear as the most important events for the diagnosis of Sarcomas of the Jaws.
Key words: Sarcoma, jaw, jaw neoplasms, mouth neoplasms.
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Abstract
AbstractObjective:We report a case of leiomyosarcoma arising in the tonsil in a 73-year-old man.Method:Case report and review of the English language literature (using Pubmed, Ovid and Proquest databases).Results:To our knowledge, this is the first case of tonsillar leiomyosarcoma to be reported in the English language literature. Our patient presented with haemoptysis, unilateral odynophagia and an ulcerated, exophytic lesion of the tonsil. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma, and the patient was treated with radical radiotherapy.Conclusion:Leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare in the head and neck; the common sites of origin are the skin and sinonasal tract. The overall prognosis is poor.
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11
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de Bree R, van der Waal I, de Bree E, Leemans CR. Management of adult soft tissue sarcomas of the head and neck. Oral Oncol 2010; 46:786-90. [PMID: 20947413 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Adult soft tissue sarcoma of the head and neck are rare and represent a heterogeneous group of tumours of different histological variants. Management of these neoplasms presents a great challenge. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma, fibrosarcoma, angiosarcoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour are the most frequently found sarcoma types in the head and neck. Although traditional morphological assessment is the foundation of clinical decision making, the role of immunohistochemistry and molecular biology are useful for diagnosis, prognosis and identification of possible targets for molecular therapy. The most frequently involved tumour sites are scalp/face, sinonasal tract/anterior skull base and parotid/neck. The management of soft tissue sarcomas in the head and neck is primarily surgical. Since it is difficult to obtain wide margins during surgical treatment in head and neck sarcomas, because of anatomic constraints, most patients undergo post-operative irradiation. Survival varies from 50 to 80%. Prognostic factors are tumour grade, margin status and tumour size. With further insight into the biology of soft tissue sarcoma, modern imaging techniques and new treatment options, we will most certainly be able to improve clinical outcome in patients with soft tissue sarcoma in the upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remco de Bree
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Svarvar C, Böhling T, Berlin O, Gustafson P, Follerås G, Bjerkehagen B, Domanski HA, Sundby Hall K, Tukiainen E, Blomqvist C. Clinical course of nonvisceral soft tissue leiomyosarcoma in 225 patients from the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group. Cancer 2007; 109:282-91. [PMID: 17154171 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.22395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leiomyosarcoma of nonvisceral soft tissues is an uncommon malignant tumor; thus, only small numbers of cases have been reported. This study was based on a large series of patients from the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group Register acquired during a 15-year period (from 1986 to 2001). Follow-up information was available for all patients. METHODS The authors analyzed the clinical features of 225 patients with cutaneous, subcutaneous, or deep-seated leiomyosarcoma of the extremities, trunk wall, and superficial parts of the head and neck region to determine the natural course of the disease. Only patients who received their treatment at a specialist sarcoma center were included. Re-evaluation of histopathology was performed. RESULTS The age of the patients (121 women and 104 men) ranged from 20 years to 98 years (median, 70 years), and the tumors ranged in size from 0.6 cm to 35 cm (median, 4.0 cm). Eighty-two percent of the tumors were classified as high grade. The median follow-up for survivors was 5.5 years. The local treatment was adequate in 154 of 206 patients (75%) who were without metastasis at presentation. At 10 years, 84% of the 206 patients with localized disease at presentation were free from local recurrence, 66% remained metastasis free, and 49% were alive. Multivariate analysis showed that higher malignancy grade (P = .006), larger tumor size (P = .003), and deeper tumor location (P = .002) were correlated significantly with decreased metastasis-free survival, inadequate local treatment was correlated with local recurrence (P = .007), and high malignancy grade was correlated with decreased overall survival (P = .007). CONCLUSIONS The long-term prognosis for patients with subcutaneous and deep-seated soft tissue leiomyosarcoma remains poor despite the ability to achieve adequate local control through nonmutilating surgery with or without radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Svarvar
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
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de Bree R, van der Valk P, Kuik DJ, van Diest PJ, Doornaert P, Buter J, Eerenstein SEJ, Langendijk JA, van der Waal I, Leemans CR. Prognostic factors in adult soft tissue sarcomas of the head and neck: A single-centre experience. Oral Oncol 2006; 42:703-9. [PMID: 16529978 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2005.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2005] [Accepted: 11/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adult soft tissue sarcomas of the head and neck are rare and consist of a variety of histopathological subtypes and sites. The purpose of this study was to review patients treated for adult soft tissue sarcomas of the head and neck at our institute. The medical records of 41 adult patients treated for head and neck soft tissue sarcomas between 1983 and 2004 were reviewed. Thirty-six tumours were histologically reviewed. Histopathological revision showed that 7% of the original sarcomas were found not to be sarcomas and 39% of the sarcoma subtypes changed. Multivariate analysis showed that surgical margin status and lymph node metastases are the most important prognostic factors. Review of histopathological examination of tumours showed a change in subtype in a substantial number of head and neck sarcomas. Negative surgical margins are an important prognostic factor, but are difficult to obtain in head and neck sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remco de Bree
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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