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Zhang X, Zhu G, Tang B, Huang H, Chen C, Zheng S, Pu Y, Xu Y, Wang G, Huang D, Liu Y, Zhang X. A characterization and prognosis prediction model for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid. Gland Surg 2021; 10:1325-1338. [PMID: 33968684 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid (PSCCTh) is a sporadic malignancy arising from the thyroid gland. The factors that affect treatment and survival in patients with PSCCTh remain unclear. Our study aims to characterize PSCCTh and establish a prognosis prediction model for patients with PSCCTh. Methods Clinical data and follow-up information for 277 patients from 1973 to 2016 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) 18-registry database (RRID:SCR_003293). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses and nomogram modeling of potential prognostic factors were conducted. Results Among the collected patient cases, 57% were female and 43% were male. The median survival of all cases was 6 months; by gender, median survival was 5 and 8 months in the female and male groups, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses revealed that age, extent of disease (EOD), T stage, N stage, and treatment were independent prognostic indicators for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in patients with PSCCTh. In addition, it was confirmed that the established nomogram model had good consistency and discrimination for PSCCTh prognosis as measured by the concordance index (C-index), area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), and calibration curves. Conclusions Our study indicates that age, EOD, T stage, N stage, and treatment may correlate with OS and DSS in patients with PSCCTh. Importantly, our nomogram prediction model, constructed using parameters including age, T stage, N stage, and treatment, may assist physicians in evaluating patients' prognoses and providing precise therapy for PSCCTh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huimei Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changhan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siyuan Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuting Pu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yimin Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Donghai Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China
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Lim AE, Sooby P, Townsley RB. Primary thyroid squamous cell carcinoma - a Scottish National Case Series. Scott Med J 2021; 65:60-63. [PMID: 32397900 DOI: 10.1177/0036933020916348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To present our national case series on primary thyroid squamous cell carcinoma (PTSCC) and add to the current literature about this rare and aggressive disease. METHODS Scottish pathology departments were contacted and asked to provide details of patients with the diagnosis of PTSCC from the last 10 years. Three patients were included. RESULTS Patients 1, 2 and 3 underwent surgical resection. Patients 1 and 3 went on to receive chemoradiotherapy. Patient 1 received nivolumab. Patient 1 died 10 months following diagnosis. Patient 2 and 3 are currently living with no recurrence, over two years post-diagnosis. CONCLUSION This case series has demonstrated an unusually good set of outcomes for a classically rapidly progressing disease with poor survival rates. This raises the question whether there is a subgroup of PTSCC associated with better outcomes and lower mortality. A patient-centred approach will give optimal patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E Lim
- Foundation Doctor, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Crosshouse University Hospital, Kilmarnock, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, UK
| | - Paul Sooby
- Registrar, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Crosshouse, Kilmarnock, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, UK
| | - Richard B Townsley
- Consultant Head and Neck Surgeon, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Crosshouse, Kilmarnock, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, UK
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Kundu R, Punia RS, Mohan H, Handa U, Gupta N. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma thyroid: A rare entity. J Cytol 2015; 31:210-2. [PMID: 25745289 PMCID: PMC4349014 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9371.151135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis to the thyroid gland is rare with majority of cases discovered during an autopsy. Clinical presentation with a palpable thyroid or functional disturbances in thyroid is uncommon. We report isolated metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to the thyroid gland diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration cytology which is minimally invasive and a preferred preliminary diagnostic modality in palpable thyroid swellings. A diagnosis of extra thyroidal SCC is a diagnosis of exclusion when there is no evidence of a coexistent recognizable primary thyroid cancer and/or molecular signatures suggestive of thyroidal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetu Kundu
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32-A, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajpal Singh Punia
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32-A, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harsh Mohan
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32-A, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uma Handa
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32-A, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nitin Gupta
- Department of ENT, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32-A, Chandigarh, India
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Pusztaszeri M, Wang H, Cibas ES, Powers CN, Bongiovanni M, Ali S, Khurana KK, Michaels PJ, Faquin WC. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of secondary neoplasms of the thyroid gland: A multi-institutional study of 62 cases. Cancer Cytopathol 2014; 123:19-29. [DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Pusztaszeri
- Department of Pathology; Geneva University Hospital; Geneva Switzerland
| | - He Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Temple University School of Medicine; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Edmund S. Cibas
- Department of Pathology; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Celeste N. Powers
- Department of Pathology; Virginia Commonwealth University Health Systems; Richmond Virginia
| | | | - Syed Ali
- Department of Pathology; Johns Hopkins Hospital; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Kamal K. Khurana
- Department of Pathology; State University of New York Upstate Medical University; Syracuse New York
| | - Paul J. Michaels
- Department of Pathology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - William C. Faquin
- Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
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Shrestha M, Sridhara SK, Leo LJ, Coppit GL, Ehrhardt NM. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland: a case report and review. Head Neck 2012; 35:E299-303. [PMID: 23002023 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the thyroid gland is a rare malignancy that presents with advanced disease and poor prognosis. METHODS A 75-year-old woman with a history of Hashimoto thyroiditis presented with 6 months of dysphagia and stridor. Imaging revealed a thyroid mass invading the larynx. Primary SCC of the thyroid was diagnosed by histopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluation. Total thyroidectomy, total laryngectomy, bilateral modified neck dissection, and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) were performed. Radiologic follow-up at 21 months demonstrated no disease and total length of survival was 31 months. RESULTS Despite an aggressive T4aN0M0 tumor, survival in this case was more than double the median survival rate previously reported. Concomitant Hashimoto thyroiditis is rare and histopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluation is imperative for an accurate diagnosis. CONCLUSION The case and literature reported here support that a thorough diagnostic workup of primary SCC of the thyroid with aggressive locoregional surgery and adjuvant RT may improve the length of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merica Shrestha
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Service, Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center, 300 Hospital Road, Fort Gordon, Georgia
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